报告下载 | 美国利率 2026年展望：牛陡启动？

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve may have further rate cuts in 2026, with risks of rates dropping below current market expectations, potentially leading to a steepening yield curve if the economy avoids a full recession [2][6]. Economic and Monetary Policy - Despite a lack of recent government economic reports, there is substantial data indicating economic weakness without entering a recession. The market generally expects real growth in 2026 to be slightly below 2%, with consumer prices rising by 2.9%, partly due to tariff transmission effects [6]. - Bloomberg's economic research aligns with market inflation expectations but is more optimistic about growth. If actual growth is slightly lower than expected, nominal GDP growth could be around 4.8%, close to the 30-year average of 4.7%, suggesting long-term rates may struggle to stay below 4% if economic growth and/or inflation slow more than anticipated [6]. Yield Curve and Interest Rates - The current pricing of the U.S. Treasury yield curve indicates a mild steepening over the next year, but the potential for a more pronounced steepening exists, with the 2-year/10-year spread possibly widening to over 100 basis points by the end of 2026. The Federal Reserve is expected to lower the benchmark rate below 3% [8][10]. - The "slow easing" camp is likely to become mainstream, with the median dot plot from the Federal Reserve potentially indicating R* close to 84 basis points [10]. Market Dynamics - The volatility in the overnight financing market tools may be more pronounced than in the past 15 years due to the disappearance of the "excess reserves" mechanism. This tightening of financing market funds is not unexpected for those who participated in these markets before the 2007-2009 financial crisis [12].