当硅谷用AI“洗白”裁员决策，“岗位消失论”是一场幻觉吗？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the complex relationship between job layoffs and the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), highlighting that while AI is a factor in job displacement, it also creates new opportunities and roles in the workforce [3][4]. Group 1: Job Displacement and AI - In 2025, approximately 55,000 layoffs in the U.S. are attributed to AI, with major tech companies like Amazon and Salesforce reducing thousands of positions [3]. - AI is capable of performing about 11.7% of jobs in the U.S. labor market, potentially saving up to $1.2 trillion in wage expenditures in sectors like finance and healthcare [3]. - The relationship between layoffs and AI is nuanced; while some jobs, particularly entry-level positions, are being automated, new roles are also emerging as a result of faster information flow [4][9]. Group 2: Corporate Perspectives on AI and Layoffs - Dr. Rumman Chowdhury, an AI expert, notes that layoffs are not solely driven by AI advancements but also by companies needing to cut costs after investing heavily in unprofitable technologies [6]. - IBM's CEO Arvind Krishna acknowledges that while AI may replace about 10% of jobs, it will not fully replace human workers and may ultimately lead to more hiring in new fields [7]. - The trend of layoffs is seen as a "natural correction" rather than purely an AI-driven phenomenon, with companies needing to address overhiring issues [6][7]. Group 3: Job Market Trends - Analysis from Indeed indicates that as of early 2025, hiring for senior and management tech positions has decreased by 19% compared to pre-pandemic levels, while entry-level tech positions have seen a 34% decline [10]. - The requirements for tech jobs are becoming stricter, with the proportion of positions requiring at least five years of experience rising from 37% to 42% between Q2 2022 and Q2 2025 [10]. - Amazon Web Services' CEO Matt Garman criticizes the trend of replacing junior engineers with new technology, arguing that it undermines the development of talent and innovation within companies [10]. Group 4: The Paradox of Work and AI - The article references the "Jevons Paradox," suggesting that technological advancements often lead to increased demand for resources rather than a reduction in workload [11]. - Despite the rise of AI, the culture in Silicon Valley is shifting towards longer working hours, contradicting the expectation that automation would reduce work demands [11]. - The notion that work is a finite resource is challenged, as the article posits that work is an expanding ecosystem rather than a diminishing bubble [11].