外贸发展韧性如何延续？丨落实会议部署 问答中国经济

Core Viewpoint - China's merchandise trade exports have shown a year-on-year growth rate of 6.2% in the first 11 months, exceeding initial expectations despite high tariffs imposed by certain countries, reflecting the resilience brought by the long-term transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing sector and diversification of trade partners [1] Group 1: Export Performance - The export structure of China has improved, with "China Manufacturing" becoming a preferred choice for more trade partners. In the first 10 months, the export growth rates for intermediate goods and capital goods were 9.7% and 6% respectively, contributing 5.6 percentage points to overall exports [1] - Intermediate goods accounted for 47.4% of total exports in the first three quarters, an increase of 2 percentage points from the end of last year [1] Group 2: Trade Partner Diversification - The manufacturing sector's strength is a key support for export growth, while the diversification of trade partners provides greater flexibility to counter external shocks. Exports to the U.S. fell by 18.3%, but exports to non-U.S. markets such as Africa, ASEAN, India, the EU, the UK, Latin America, and Australia maintained high growth [2] - The meeting between the Chinese and U.S. presidents in Busan yielded positive results, leading to a more optimistic outlook for foreign trade in the coming year, despite ongoing trade protectionism and unilateralism [2] Group 3: Future Economic Strategies - The integration of technological and industrial innovation remains a crucial task for the upcoming economic work, with plans to enhance the self-controllability of industrial chains and implement high-quality development actions [3] - Service trade exports grew by 14.3% in the first 10 months, with knowledge-intensive services increasing by 9.5% and travel services by 52.5% [3] Group 4: Domestic Market and Trade System - Building a strong domestic demand market is essential for countering external shocks and achieving a balanced import-export structure. Measures include improving income distribution systems and enhancing social security to boost consumer spending [4] - China actively supports the multilateral trade system and has proposed initiatives to stabilize and develop the World Trade Organization's work, reflecting a commitment to open cooperation and regional trade agreements [4]