专访郑永年：科技创新从0到1，需培育更多技术经纪人

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes that the essence of current great power competition is technological competition, with technology innovation being the key driver for China's economic growth as it approaches the level of middle-developed countries by 2025 [1][2]. - By 2025, China is expected to showcase remarkable achievements in technology innovation, including the launch of the DeepSeek R1 reasoning model, entry into the top ten of the global innovation index, and the rise of the "Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou" innovation cluster to the top of global rankings [1][4]. - The article highlights that the Chinese government has increasingly recognized the importance of technology and innovation, as evidenced by the frequent mentions of these terms in the 14th Five-Year Plan [1]. Group 2 - The article discusses the shift in China's economic growth model towards high-quality development, where technology innovation is crucial for upgrading industries and moving beyond reliance on traditional cost advantages [4][5]. - It notes that the global technological capacity is primarily concentrated in the US and China, with other economies struggling to compete due to high costs and resource requirements for advanced technologies like artificial intelligence [5][6]. - The article points out that China's comprehensive industrial capabilities and high infrastructure development levels provide a unique competitive advantage, enabling rapid technological innovation [6][7]. Group 3 - The increasing role of enterprises in technological innovation is highlighted, with a shift back to companies driving foundational research due to their practical and application-oriented focus [8][9]. - The article emphasizes the need for cultivating "technology brokers" who understand both technology and market dynamics to facilitate the conversion of foundational research into practical applications [10][11]. - It suggests that institutional reforms are necessary to adapt production relations to the development of new productive forces, particularly in the field of innovative pharmaceuticals [11].