中国空间站开展锂离子电池在轨实验

Core Viewpoint - The project "In-situ Electrochemical Optical Research of Lithium-ion Batteries for Space Applications" has commenced aboard the Chinese space station, aiming to study the effects of microgravity on battery performance and internal processes [1][2]. Group 1: Project Overview - The project is being conducted by astronauts aboard the Shenzhou 21 spacecraft, with researcher Zhang Hongzhang serving as the payload expert [1]. - Lithium-ion batteries are crucial for modern space missions due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and safety [1]. Group 2: Research Significance - The research focuses on the distribution of chemical substances within the electrolyte, which is a key factor influencing battery power and lifespan [1]. - Microgravity provides an ideal environment to study ion transport and insertion/extraction processes in batteries, free from the confounding effects of gravity [1][2]. Group 3: Experimental Challenges and Goals - The unique microgravity environment presents challenges, such as significant differences in liquid behavior within the battery compared to ground conditions, potentially affecting performance and safety [1]. - The project aims to directly observe and analyze the impact of microgravity on critical battery processes, providing scientific evidence to enhance spacecraft energy systems [1][2]. Group 4: Expected Outcomes - The experiment is expected to overcome the cognitive bottleneck of the interaction between gravitational and electric fields, advancing the fundamental theory of electrochemistry [2]. - It will provide insights for optimizing current battery systems in orbit and designing the next generation of high-energy, high-safety space batteries [2].