台湾增加汇率干预情况公布频率背后的危机感

Core Viewpoint - Taiwan's central bank will shift from biannual to quarterly disclosures of foreign exchange market interventions starting January, aiming to enhance transparency and reduce speculative activities that have led to significant fluctuations in the New Taiwan Dollar (NTD) [2][4][6]. Group 1: Central Bank's Actions - The central bank's decision to increase the frequency of disclosures is in response to pressures from the US and Europe, which have accused Taiwan of intentionally devaluing the NTD [4][6]. - The first quarterly report will cover intervention activities from July to September 2025, aligning Taiwan with international standards [4]. Group 2: Economic Context - Taiwan's economy is heavily reliant on exports, with export dependency reaching approximately 60% of its GDP, significantly higher than Japan's 20% and South Korea's 40% [6]. - TSMC's CEO noted that a 1% appreciation of the NTD results in a 0.4 percentage point decrease in operating profit margins, highlighting the sensitivity of the export-driven economy to currency fluctuations [6]. Group 3: US-Taiwan Relations - The US has expressed concerns over Taiwan's trade surplus with the US, which reached a record $64.8 billion in 2024, primarily driven by semiconductors [6][8]. - The US Treasury has warned Taiwan against targeting specific exchange rate levels and emphasized that market interventions should only be considered in response to excessive volatility [6]. Group 4: Market Perception and Predictions - The Economist magazine indicated that the NTD is undervalued by 55% against the US dollar, suggesting that Taiwan is in a "Taiwan disease" state of deliberately keeping its currency low to maintain export competitiveness [8][9]. - Taiwan's economic performance is projected to be strong in 2025, with an expected real GDP growth rate of 7.37%, the highest in 15 years, followed by a forecast of 3.54% for 2026 [9].