打破学科壁垒！400篇参考文献重磅综述，统一调查「人脑×Agent」记忆系统

Core Insights - The article discusses a significant interdisciplinary breakthrough in understanding how agents can develop human-like memory systems by integrating cognitive neuroscience with artificial intelligence [2][4]. Group 1: Definition and Importance of Memory - Memory is redefined as not just data storage but as a cognitive link that connects past experiences with future decisions [4][5]. - In the human brain, memory involves a two-stage process: the rapid formation of neural representations upon encountering new concepts and the subsequent operation on stored representations for consolidation or retrieval [5][8]. Group 2: Memory Structures in AI - For large language models (LLMs), memory manifests in three forms: parametric memory, working memory, and explicit external memory [6][12]. - Agent memory transcends simple storage, functioning as a dynamic cognitive architecture that integrates agent actions and environmental feedback into a memory container [6][12]. Group 3: Functions of Memory in Agents - Memory serves three core functions: overcoming context window limitations, constructing long-term personalized profiles, and driving experience-based reasoning [10][14]. - Memory management in agents is a continuous process involving extraction, updating, retrieval, and application, akin to the dynamic nature of human memory [35][41]. Group 4: Classification of Memory - The article outlines a dual-dimensional classification of memory in agents, which is crucial for understanding and designing memory mechanisms [17][19]. - Memory can be categorized based on nature (episodic vs. semantic) and scope (inside-trail vs. cross-trail) [22][24]. Group 5: Memory Storage Mechanisms - Memory storage in the human brain is a dynamic process involving multiple brain regions, with short-term memory located in the sensory-frontoparietal network and long-term memory in the hippocampus and neocortex [31][32]. - Unlike the human brain's organic structure, agent memory systems require explicit engineering to optimize data structures for computational efficiency [32][33]. Group 6: Future Directions - Future agent memory systems should aim for omni-modal capabilities, integrating various data types beyond text to enhance understanding of the physical world [53]. - The concept of "Agent Skills" is proposed to facilitate the transfer and reuse of memory across different agents, addressing the challenges posed by heterogeneous memory interfaces [54][56].