经济观察报·2026-01-10 04:56Core Viewpoint - The solid-state battery supply chain faces significant challenges in achieving mass production by 2027, with key materials still in the experimental stage and core equipment shortages hindering progress [1][5]. Material Aspects - The solid-state battery's core materials are divided into three categories: cathode, anode, and electrolyte, with the anode materials currently following two main technical routes: silicon-carbon and lithium metal [11][12]. - Sulfide solid electrolytes are gaining traction, with a current output of approximately 20 tons in 2025, and the price per ton reaching several million yuan [3][4]. - The competition between oxide and sulfide electrolytes is a focal point, with oxide electrolytes being easier to mass-produce but having lower ionic conductivity compared to sulfide electrolytes [12][14]. Industry Trends - Investment interest in solid-state batteries is returning, driven by orders from cell manufacturers and the potential for profitability within the supply chain [2][3]. - The industry is targeting 2027 as a pivotal year for mass production, with many companies aiming to complete product development or testing by 2026 [4][5]. Equipment Challenges - The lack of mature mass production equipment is a significant barrier, with some materials still requiring production in vacuum glove boxes, limiting scalability [16][20]. - The solid-state battery production line requires high-precision equipment and a clean environment, which increases costs and complicates the manufacturing process [19][20]. Technical Uncertainties - The uncertainty in technical routes complicates equipment adaptation, as different companies have varying core technologies, making it difficult to establish standardized production systems [20][22]. - The rapid pace of technological iteration and the absence of economies of scale further exacerbate cost pressures in the solid-state battery sector [22][24]. Talent and Collaboration - The solid-state battery sector is experiencing a talent shortage, with many skilled professionals concentrated in supplier roles, leading to higher salaries compared to the liquid battery sector [25][26]. - Companies are increasingly collaborating with industry leaders to provide comprehensive solutions, including material supply and technical guidance [26].