煤矸石处理难题如何破局？

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need for China to enhance the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue, a significant solid waste, by exploring more utilization pathways and establishing a standard system [3][4]. Group 1: Current Situation and Challenges - Coal gangue, a byproduct of coal mining, accounts for approximately 20% of raw coal production, with an annual generation of about 825 million tons in 2024 and a historical cumulative stock exceeding 7 billion tons [4]. - The current comprehensive utilization rate of coal gangue in China reached 73.8% in 2022, which is still lower than the over 90% rates in countries like the USA and the UK [6]. - The complexity of coal gangue composition and its low calorific value lead to challenges in its utilization, particularly in power generation and construction materials [7]. Group 2: Utilization Pathways - The main utilization pathways for coal gangue include power generation, building materials production, underground filling, high-value utilization, and land reclamation [6]. - In power generation, coal gangue with a carbon content exceeding 15% can be used, but the current utilization for low calorific value coal power accounts for about 30% of total utilization [6]. - Underground filling shows significant advantages, capable of handling large volumes of coal gangue while also addressing geological disaster prevention and ecological restoration [10]. Group 3: Regulatory and Environmental Concerns - Illegal dumping of coal gangue poses serious environmental risks, including the leaching of heavy metals and acidic substances into water and soil, raising public concern [4][5]. - The article highlights the need for a robust regulatory framework and standard system to facilitate the proper management and utilization of coal gangue [10].