刘尚希：AI“抢饭碗”或成现实？社会必须为每个人的基本生活“兜底”！

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the concept of "common prosperity" as a new development paradigm for China, highlighting the need for a shift from material wealth distribution to human development and capability enhancement [3][4][6]. Group 1: Common Prosperity as a New Paradigm - Common prosperity is framed as a theoretical challenge that requires a transformation in development paradigms, focusing on human capabilities rather than just material wealth [3][6]. - The article argues that reducing income disparity is essential for expanding domestic demand, linking it to the enhancement of individual capabilities and opportunities [3][4]. Group 2: Human-Centric Development - The central government has shifted its focus towards investing in people alongside material investments, reflecting a deeper understanding of development that prioritizes human needs [4][6]. - The article stresses that addressing disparities in knowledge, skills, and opportunities is crucial for achieving common prosperity, as these disparities are often systemic and not merely individual [3][6]. Group 3: Efficiency and Fairness - The relationship between efficiency and fairness is re-evaluated, proposing a "fusion theory" that suggests enhancing human capabilities can simultaneously improve efficiency and promote fairness [7][8]. - The article highlights the importance of setting fair expectations for distribution, emphasizing that perceived opportunities for wealth distribution are as significant as actual outcomes [8][9]. Group 4: Ensuring Basic Fairness - To ensure basic fairness, the article identifies four essential areas: nutrition, education, health, and housing, which need to be addressed to prevent widening disparities [9][10]. - It argues that while acknowledging existing disparities, the focus should be on encouraging innovation and rewarding creative contributions rather than merely labor [9][10]. Group 5: Challenges in Achieving Common Prosperity - The article outlines three major challenges in addressing the farmer issue, which is pivotal for achieving common prosperity: the dual market economy, social identity barriers, and the dual ownership system [10][11]. - It emphasizes the need for a paradigm shift from wealth accumulation to knowledge accumulation, advocating for a combination of investments in both material and human capital [11][12].