商业航天：可回收运载火箭的高价值量环节和成本构成（附PPT）

Core Viewpoint - The article provides an in-depth analysis of rocket structures, engines, and the application of 3D printing technology in the aerospace industry, highlighting advancements in rocket design and manufacturing processes. Section 1: Rocket Structure - The article explores various components of rocket structures, including the rocket engine, fuel tanks, and recovery technologies, emphasizing the importance of materials and design in enhancing performance and reliability [5][6][8]. - Liquid rocket engines are categorized into two main types: liquid and solid propellants, with a focus on the efficiency and reusability of liquid engines like the Merlin engine [9][11]. - The cost structure of rockets is detailed, with the Falcon 9 rocket's first stage costing approximately $30 million and the second stage around $10 million, totaling about $45 million for a new rocket [10]. Section 2: Rocket Enterprises and Their Rockets - The article discusses various rocket companies, including state-owned and private enterprises, highlighting their contributions to the commercial space sector [51]. - China’s Long March rockets are noted for their extensive launch capabilities, with Long March 8 and Long March 9 being key models for future missions [54]. - Private companies like Blue Arrow and Tianbing Technology are recognized for their innovative approaches, such as the development of reusable liquid oxygen and methane rockets [52][51]. Section 3: 3D Printing Technology in Rocket Engines - 3D printing technology is identified as a transformative force in rocket manufacturing, significantly reducing production time and costs while allowing for complex designs [19][18]. - The article mentions that companies like Tianbing Technology have achieved nearly 90% of their engine components through 3D printing, leading to a 70%-80% reduction in manufacturing cycles and a 40%-50% decrease in costs [19][18]. - The advantages of 3D printing include the ability to create lightweight structures and complex geometries that traditional manufacturing methods cannot achieve [17]. Section 4: Rocket Recovery Technologies - Various rocket recovery methods are discussed, including vertical landing, sea recovery, and innovative techniques like the "chopstick" capture method, which aims to reduce costs and improve efficiency [40][50]. - The article highlights successful recovery missions, such as SpaceX's Falcon 9, which has demonstrated the feasibility of reusing rocket stages [46][50]. - The development of a net recovery system for rockets is noted as a significant advancement in enhancing recovery reliability and reducing operational costs [47].