能源强国建设“大家谈”︱以高水平能源科技自立自强 筑牢能源强国建设根基

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of energy technology innovation as a fundamental requirement for building a strong energy nation, highlighting its role in ensuring energy security and competitiveness in the global arena [2]. Group 1: Technological Innovation Leading Energy Dominance - Since the 18th National Congress, China's energy sector has shifted from "catching up" to "keeping pace" and even "leading" in certain areas, providing solid technological support for establishing itself as a global energy powerhouse [3]. - Technological innovations have bolstered total energy supply, making China the world's largest energy producer and consumer, with coal mining and deep oil and gas exploration technologies continuously breaking through, maintaining over 80% self-sufficiency [3]. - By 2024, China's primary energy production and consumption are projected to reach 4.98 billion and 5.96 billion tons of standard coal, accounting for 26.8% and 27.7% of the global total, respectively [3]. Group 2: Accelerating Green Transition through Technological Innovation - Continuous breakthroughs in technologies such as efficient photovoltaics and large-capacity wind turbines have led to China having the largest renewable energy system globally, with renewable energy installations surpassing thermal power for the first time [4]. - The "West-to-East Power Transmission" project has a transmission capacity of approximately 340 million kilowatts, with over 20% of the electricity transmitted being renewable energy [4]. - Currently, one-third of the electricity consumed in China is green energy, showcasing the increasing capacity for renewable resource allocation [4]. Group 3: Challenges in Energy Transition and Security - The transition from an energy major to an energy powerhouse faces challenges, particularly in balancing supply and carbon reduction, necessitating a stronger focus on technological innovation [5]. - Energy consumption has increased by approximately 98 million tons of standard coal during the first four years of the 14th Five-Year Plan, with continued economic growth expected to drive rigid energy demand [6]. - The reliance on coal is shifting from a foundational energy source to a regulatory one, with coal power's share in electricity generation declining, posing challenges for energy security [6]. Group 4: Strategic Directions for Technological Innovation - To build a strong energy nation, it is crucial to accelerate the construction of a new energy system, focusing on various energy sources such as coal, oil, gas, electricity, and hydrogen [8]. - Key areas for technological breakthroughs include advanced efficient power generation technologies, clean utilization of coal, and new oil and gas development technologies to ensure fossil energy security [9]. - The development of new power grid forms and power equipment technologies is essential to support the construction of a new power system capable of accommodating high proportions of renewable energy [10]. Group 5: Building an Innovative Ecosystem for Energy Independence - The 14th Five-Year Plan period is critical for adjusting the energy structure and transitioning to new energy sources, necessitating a focus on major tasks, large installations, and platforms for energy technology innovation [11]. - Strengthening national strategic tasks and forward-looking layouts is essential for high-quality implementation of major projects in smart grids and new oil and gas exploration [11]. - Enhancing collaboration among national research institutions, universities, and leading enterprises in the energy sector is vital for accelerating technological breakthroughs and the application of significant research outcomes [12].