从“多生孩子好打架”到“优生优育” 车企平台战略为何集体收缩？

Core Viewpoint - The automotive industry is shifting from a multi-platform strategy to a more integrated and compatible platform approach, reflecting the efficiency anxiety among companies in a competitive market [1][11]. Group 1: Platform Strategy Transition - Companies are moving from having multiple dedicated platforms for different vehicle types to developing universal platforms that can accommodate various vehicle categories and powertrains [2][4]. - Great Wall Motors has introduced a new platform called "Guiyuan," which can cover seven vehicle categories and five powertrain types, aiming to produce over 50 models based on this platform [2][4]. - International automakers like Volkswagen and BMW are also consolidating their platforms to enhance compatibility and efficiency [2][4]. Group 2: Reasons for Platform Strategy Shift - The shift is driven by a change in competitive focus from mechanical capabilities to intelligent features, where software and electronic architecture have become core elements [4][5]. - Companies are seeking to mitigate technological risks associated with betting solely on electric platforms, as the market now supports a coexistence of fuel, hybrid, and electric vehicles [5][6]. - The high hidden costs of developing and maintaining new platforms are pushing companies to adopt compatible platforms that can share components and reduce material costs significantly [6]. Group 3: Competitive Landscape and Future Trends - Despite the trend towards compatibility, some companies like Toyota and Hyundai continue to pursue multi-platform strategies, indicating a divergence in approaches based on company size and market needs [8][9]. - The future may see a reduction in the number of platforms to one or two super platforms, with a focus on standardized "skateboard" chassis that allow for flexible combinations of body styles and power sources [9][10]. - The competition will increasingly hinge on the sophistication of electronic architecture and software capabilities, rather than just platform diversity [10][11]. Group 4: Brand Structure Adjustments - The intensifying market competition is prompting companies to streamline their brand architectures, with several automakers integrating their brands into unified systems to enhance operational efficiency [10].