零碳工厂：工业领域落实“双碳”目标的关键抓手

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the issuance of the "Guiding Opinions on the Construction of Zero Carbon Factories" by five departments including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, marking a significant step in promoting zero carbon factory construction as a national strategic action aimed at achieving carbon neutrality in the industrial sector [1][3]. Summary by Sections Zero Carbon Factory Definition and Goals - A zero carbon factory prioritizes the use of green electricity and energy-saving modifications to reduce carbon emissions, aiming for net-zero emissions through carbon offsetting via green trading [1]. - The construction of zero carbon factories is set to be included in government work reports by 2025, indicating its elevation from industry exploration to a national strategy [1]. Key Tasks and Industry Focus - The "Guiding Opinions" outline three clear aspects: construction objects, goals, and pathways, focusing on key industries such as automotive, lithium batteries, photovoltaics, steel, non-ferrous metals, and petrochemicals, which together account for over 65% of the industrial added value and approximately 50% of total carbon emissions in China [3][4]. Development Goals and Phased Approach - The document sets clear, phased development goals, emphasizing the need to establish low-carbon competitive advantages in sensitive international trade sectors by 2027, particularly in automotive and electronics [4]. - By 2030, the focus will shift to consolidating low-carbon achievements in foundational materials and consumer goods, promoting collaborative carbon reduction across supply chains [4]. Construction Pathways and Mechanisms - The "Guiding Opinions" propose a comprehensive lifecycle approach to carbon reduction, including scientific carbon accounting, source reduction, process reduction, consumption carbon fixation, intelligent carbon control, and efficient carbon management [5]. - It emphasizes the need for differentiated deployment of tasks among various stakeholders, including local authorities, enterprises, industry associations, and research institutions, to create a multi-faceted governance structure for zero carbon factory construction [5]. Four Guiding Principles - The article outlines four guiding principles for zero carbon factory construction: 1. Prudent Development: Tailoring strategies to industry characteristics and ensuring steady carbon reduction without compromising economic growth [7]. 2. Systematic Advancement: Integrating energy optimization, resource recycling, and supply chain collaboration into a comprehensive carbon reduction strategy [8]. 3. Soft and Hard Integration: Combining physical measures with robust carbon management systems to enhance overall carbon management capabilities [9]. 4. International Leadership: Establishing standards and databases that reflect China's characteristics and actively participating in international standard-setting [9]. Recommendations for Stakeholders - Local authorities are advised to implement science-based policies that consider regional industrial characteristics and avoid sacrificing normal operations for short-term emission reductions [12]. - Enterprises should focus on enhancing their green competitiveness by aligning with ESG disclosure requirements and establishing effective carbon management systems [12]. - Research institutions are encouraged to innovate standards and frameworks that support zero carbon factory construction, ensuring alignment with international practices [13]. Conclusion - The "Guiding Opinions" serve as a clear action guide and institutional framework, marking a solid step towards zero carbon development in China's industry, with the potential to set a global benchmark for industrial green transformation [13].