杨雷：建设零碳园区要拥抱“外行创新”丨美丽中国·零碳洞察

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the first batch of 52 national-level zero-carbon parks marks a transition from strategic planning to implementation in China's zero-carbon park development, which is seen as a key component in achieving carbon neutrality and exploring systemic changes in the energy framework [2]. Group 1: Development Status - The cost of renewable energy has significantly decreased compared to traditional energy sources, providing a solid foundation for zero-carbon parks [4]. - Zero-carbon parks are becoming central to energy transformation, moving from marginal exploration to mainstream implementation, with successful examples across the country, such as the Ordos Zero-Carbon Industrial Park and the Chongqing AI City Park [4][5]. - These parks demonstrate that zero-carbon solutions are practical and replicable, focusing on integrated energy systems and collaborative supply-demand models [5]. Group 2: Challenges Faced - Despite rapid development, zero-carbon parks face multiple challenges, including insufficient flexibility in the energy system, leading to increased curtailment rates of renewable energy [6]. - Technical challenges include inadequate planning for multi-energy conversion and supply-demand coordination, which can result in resource misallocation and high costs [6]. - The complexity of achieving dynamic balance in energy supply and demand exceeds expectations, requiring advanced algorithms and computational power [6]. Group 3: Pathways to Solutions - A three-pronged approach involving technology, mechanisms, and cognitive shifts is necessary to overcome current challenges [8]. - Future energy systems must prioritize flexibility, with cross-disciplinary integration of technologies such as electric heating, hydrogen, and energy storage [8]. - Market mechanisms should be user-centered, allowing distributed energy to participate in real-time pricing systems to enhance flexibility and create new growth opportunities [8]. - Breaking traditional cognitive barriers and embracing innovative thinking is crucial for the development of zero-carbon parks, which should focus on collaborative and integrated energy solutions [8].