国际首个！中国科学院发布报告，提供高温超导材料大规模应用路线图

Core Viewpoint - The report released by the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, outlines the current state and future direction of REBCO high-temperature superconducting tape, identifying ten key scientific and technological challenges that need to be addressed for large-scale application [1][5]. Group 1: Overview of REBCO High-Temperature Superconductors - Superconducting materials, particularly REBCO, are recognized for their extraordinary properties such as zero electrical resistance and complete diamagnetism, making them strategically valuable in various fields including energy, transportation, and healthcare [3]. - Traditional superconductors operate at extremely low temperatures (-269°C), leading to high cooling costs and limited applications primarily in large scientific devices and high-end medical equipment [3]. - REBCO superconductors, with a critical temperature above liquid nitrogen temperature (-196°C), significantly reduce cooling costs and enhance performance in carrying current and resisting magnetic fields, paving the way for broader applications [3][4]. Group 2: Applications and Development Focus - The applications of REBCO superconducting tape are mainly concentrated in two areas: power systems and magnet systems [3]. - In power systems, REBCO tape can be used to manufacture superconducting cables and fault current limiters, which are essential for urban grid upgrades and ensuring grid safety during short circuits [3]. - In magnet systems, REBCO tape's strong current-carrying capacity under high magnetic fields makes it suitable for fusion devices, high-field magnetic resonance imaging, and superconducting motors, which require high mechanical strength and stability [4]. Group 3: Challenges and Future Directions - Despite entering the early commercialization phase, there is significant room for performance improvement in REBCO superconducting tape, which consists of a multi-layer composite structure [4]. - Future development should focus on optimizing the internal structure of the superconducting layer to enhance current-carrying capacity in magnetic fields, improving the balance of strength and toughness in the base, buffer, and protective layers, and developing scalable and consistent manufacturing processes [4]. - The report identifies ten key scientific and technological challenges that hinder the large-scale application of REBCO tape, emphasizing the need for deep collaboration across materials science, physics, and engineering to address these issues [5].