美欧日组建关键矿产供应链联盟，外交部：反对任何国家以“小圈子”规则破坏国际经贸秩序

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the establishment of a strategic partnership between the United States, the European Union, and Japan aimed at enhancing the resilience of critical mineral supply chains, thereby improving economic and national security [2][4]. Group 1: Strategic Partnership and Cooperation - The U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) announced that the U.S., EU, and Japan are taking significant steps to enhance the resilience of critical mineral supply chains [2]. - A memorandum of understanding is set to be signed within 30 days to identify cooperation areas, stimulate demand, and diversify supply chains [6][7]. - The partnership aims to prevent supply chain disruptions and promote research and development innovation [6][7]. Group 2: International Relations and Trade Agreements - The EU has proposed this cooperation, coinciding with the resumption of the U.S.-EU trade agreement approval process after previous tensions [4][12]. - The European Parliament is expected to vote on the trade agreement in the upcoming committee meeting on February 24 [15]. - The article highlights the complexity of U.S.-EU relations, emphasizing that despite trade frictions, both parties remain allied under NATO [13][17]. Group 3: Economic Initiatives and Plans - The U.S. has announced a $12 billion mineral reserve plan for domestic manufacturers during crises [11]. - A separate critical mineral action plan between the U.S. and Mexico will prioritize financing for specific mining and processing projects [10]. - The U.S. Department of Defense has signed a $12.5 million agreement to purchase 400 tons of indium for defense reserves [11].