EV战略转向，欧美车企巨亏后靠拢中国

Core Viewpoint - Major American automakers, including Ford, General Motors, and Stellantis, have reported a total loss exceeding 8 trillion yen related to electric vehicles (EVs), indicating significant challenges in the EV sector due to shifting policies in the US and Europe [2][6]. Group 1: Financial Performance and Losses - Ford reported a final loss of $11.1 billion for the fourth quarter of 2022, primarily due to adjustments in its EV development plans [4]. - The total EV-related losses for Ford, GM, and Stellantis have reached 8.1 trillion yen, reflecting the adverse impact of policy reversals on EV support in the US and Europe [6]. - Ford's total loss for 2025 is projected to reach $8.2 billion, marking the highest level since the 2008 financial crisis [6]. Group 2: Policy Changes and Strategic Adjustments - The Biden administration initially implemented various support policies for EVs, such as tax credits for purchasing EVs assembled in North America, aimed at boosting domestic EV production [6]. - The Trump administration reversed tax credit policies and modified emissions regulations, allowing major automakers to prioritize investments in gasoline and hybrid vehicles over EVs [8]. - The EU has also postponed its target to ban the sale of new gasoline vehicles after 2035, indicating a broader retreat from aggressive EV policies [10]. Group 3: Collaborations and Market Strategies - Ford is seeking partnerships with Chinese companies like Geely and Xiaomi to develop low-cost EVs, despite opposition from US hardliners [10][11]. - CEO Jim Farley emphasized the need to adapt to changing regulatory environments by leveraging partnerships and expanding market share outside the US, while also focusing on more competitively priced EVs domestically [10]. - The collaboration with Chinese firms may serve as a gateway for Chinese companies to enter the US market, as they look to expand amid domestic demand challenges [11].