全国政协委员段旭如：核聚变能商业化能否提前取决于技术发展

Core Viewpoint - The commercialization of nuclear fusion energy is accelerating globally, but it still faces multiple challenges that require time to overcome [2] Group 1: Current Status and Challenges - Nearly 40 countries are advancing fusion plans, as reported by the International Atomic Energy Agency in its 2025 World Fusion Outlook [2] - Key challenges include breakthroughs in scientific and technical aspects such as stable plasma operation, high-energy neutron resistance, and high-heat-load materials [2] - The industrial ecosystem must address supply chain maturity, economic viability, sustainable investment, and regulatory adaptability [2] Group 2: Development Timeline - The process of commercializing fusion energy involves six stages: principle exploration, large-scale experiments, burning experiments, experimental reactors, demonstration reactors, and commercial reactors [2] - Currently, China is in the burning experiment stage and is expected to enhance its fusion triple product by 2-3 times by the end of 2027 [2] - By 2030, China is projected to have the capability to design and construct its first engineering experimental reactor, with the first reactor expected to be completed around 2035, and the first commercial demonstration reactor by 2045 [2] Group 3: Role of Technology - The potential for earlier commercialization depends on technological advancements, with artificial intelligence showing promise in plasma monitoring and control [3] - High-temperature superconducting magnets are critical for commercial fusion, as advancements could significantly improve plasma performance, reduce construction time, and lower costs [3]