“投资者点题 代表委员作答”｜光伏、汽车等重点行业如何推动“反内卷”真正落地见效？·2026全国两会特别策划

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the urgent need for industries such as photovoltaics and automotive to shift from "price competition" to "innovation competition" to escape the cycle of declining profits and unsustainable practices [1][10]. Group 1: Industry Challenges - Various industries, including photovoltaics and automotive, are suffering from "involutionary" competition, characterized by price wars that erode profits and extend payment cycles, leading to cash flow issues and resource wastage [1][4]. - In the photovoltaic sector, manufacturing capacity has exceeded demand by more than double, resulting in two consecutive years of deep losses, with the total market capitalization of listed companies shrinking by nearly 4 trillion yuan from historical peaks [4]. - The automotive industry is facing a profit margin decline to 4.1%, the lowest in history, highlighting the urgent need to address the "selling cars at a loss" dilemma [4]. Group 2: Proposed Solutions - Strengthening industry management is essential to break the cycle of excessive "involution." Suggestions include integrating photovoltaic manufacturing into energy sector planning and establishing market regulation mechanisms [5]. - The automotive sector should focus on building sustainable business models and enhancing the quality of the entire supply chain to promote high-quality development [5]. - The establishment of mandatory sales standards for photovoltaic components and a sustainability rating system for companies is recommended to prevent financial risks [5]. Group 3: Innovation as a Key Driver - Transitioning from price competition to innovation is crucial, with a focus on technological advancements, quality improvements, and service optimization [10][12]. - The automotive industry is increasingly focusing on intelligent driving technologies, with L4 and L5 autonomous driving nearing commercialization, although regulatory and infrastructure challenges remain [11]. - Strengthening intellectual property protection is vital for fostering innovation in the photovoltaic sector, with calls for the establishment of a patent pool and improved enforcement of IP rights [11]. Group 4: International Considerations - To prevent the spillover of "involutionary" competition internationally, it is important to ensure that high-quality products receive reasonable pricing and to establish mechanisms for overseas investment coordination [9]. - The article emphasizes the need for a unified approach to overseas operations, including prohibiting practices like dumping below cost and protecting intellectual property rights [9].