专访凯文·凯利：还没有真正的AI专家出现！

Core Viewpoint - Artificial intelligence (AI) is evolving at an unprecedented pace, transitioning from a tool to a "subject" in its own right, with significant uncertainties surrounding its future development [3]. Group 1: AI Development and Predictions - Kevin Kelly emphasizes that there are still no true AI experts at this stage, and opportunities in AI will arise from new models, emotions, and agents [3]. - In his new book "2049," Kelly discusses various cutting-edge fields, including AI in healthcare, brain-machine interfaces, robotic factories, autonomous driving, and space competition [5]. Group 2: Brain-Machine Interfaces - Kelly expresses surprise at the advancements in brain-machine interface technology, noting that what was once deemed impossible is now achievable, particularly with AI's ability to read and understand brain signals more accurately [5]. - He distinguishes between science and science fiction regarding brain-machine interfaces, predicting that non-invasive interfaces will become common in the next 25 years, while invasive interfaces, like those promoted by Neuralink, face significant biological and technological challenges [5][6]. - Kelly warns against overly optimistic claims about achieving "uploading consciousness" or immortality, stating that such concepts remain in the realm of science fiction and are unlikely to be realized within the next century [5][6]. Group 3: Future of Brain-Machine Interfaces - The effectiveness of invasive brain-machine interface chips is limited, requiring surgical implantation and regular replacement due to biological rejection and signal degradation over time [6]. - Kelly highlights the potential for non-invasive brain-machine interfaces to enable "telepathic" communication in certain scenarios, such as controlling devices with thoughts, which could evolve into more complex applications like driving [6][7]. - He notes that the ability to express actions through thought could significantly expand the scope and creativity of tasks, particularly in creative fields like entertainment [7].