研究称男性患心血管疾病风险高于女性

Core Viewpoint - A new study indicates that men develop cardiovascular diseases approximately seven years earlier than women, primarily due to coronary heart disease, which men experience about ten years earlier than women [3]. Summary by Sections Cardiovascular Disease Risk - Cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease, heart failure, and stroke, remain the leading cause of death for both men and women in the U.S., but the onset age differs significantly between genders [3]. - The study, published in the American Heart Association Journal, tracked over 5,000 Black and White adults in the U.S. for over 30 years, revealing that the risk of cardiovascular disease begins to diverge around the age of 35, with men consistently at higher risk until middle age [3]. Factors Influencing Risk - Even after adjusting for common risk factors such as BMI, blood pressure, blood sugar levels, physical activity, smoking status, dietary quality, and non-HDL cholesterol levels, men still show a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases [3]. - The authors suggest that there may be additional biological or social factors contributing to the earlier onset of heart disease in men [3]. Recommendations for Screening - Experts emphasize the importance of early cardiovascular risk assessment for men, suggesting that routine heart health screenings should begin in their 30s to avoid missing critical prevention opportunities [4]. - It is also noted that the findings should not lead to the neglect of cardiovascular risks in women, particularly before the age of 65 [5]. Age of Onset for Specific Conditions - Approximately 5% of men experience some form of cardiovascular disease by age 50, while women reach a similar incidence around age 57 [5]. - The most significant gender difference is observed in coronary heart disease, where men reach a 2% incidence rate ten years earlier than women [5]. - In contrast, the age of onset for stroke shows little difference between men and women, and the risk of heart failure is similar for both genders throughout most of adulthood [5].