2021 年后房地产调控效果减弱，人口结构和收入增速等长周期因素导 致需求疲软，新房限价政策下企业高周转策略未能有效提振行业发展， 反而加剧了财务风险。 2018 年后，新房限价促使房企缩短拿地到预售周期，加速资金周转， 总资产规模迅速扩张，但高周转模式难以持续，优质项目售罄后，剩余 项目难以快速变现，信用环境压力增大。 限价政策导致新房供应受限，需求转向二手房市场，核心城市新房市场 出现分化，一二手房价格倒挂现象减弱，集中供地政策下，高周转项目 获取土地难度增加。 2019-2023 年房企信用债融资净额为负，母公司现金流紧张，依赖项 目公司输血，导致经营杠杆下降和缩表行为，加速不良资产降价去化， 本轮地产周期与以往存在显著差异，库存总量未显著增长。 房企应对策略包括放慢周转速度，提升产品品质，差异化定价，收缩供 给，等待需求端政策传递，部分企业通过降图储、降杠杆保持稳健经营， 母公司现金占比稳定。 地产寻底的企业视角 - 地产 2025 年中期策略 20250706 摘要 Q&A 近年来房地产市场的周期性变化有哪些显著特点？ 房地产市场的周期性变化在近年来呈现出一些显著特点。首先，调控政策虽然 频繁出台， ...

•周五（2025年7月4日），A股三大指数涨跌不一，截至收盘，上证指数涨0.32%，深证成指跌0.25%， 创业板指跌0.36%；北证50跌1.88%。沪深两市成交额约14285.58亿元，较前一个交易日放量约1188.01 亿元。 •周五（2025年7月4日），港股低开后下挫，恒指失守两万四大关；午后三大指数集体拉升，国指及恒 科指曾一度翻红。截止收盘，恒生指数跌0.64%或153.88点，报23916.06点，全日成交额为2678.08亿港 元；恒生国企指数跌0.45%，报8609.27点；恒生科技指数跌0.33%，报5216.26点。全周来看，恒指累跌 1.52%，国指累跌1.75%，恒科指累跌2.34%。 •周五（当地时间2025年7月4日），因美国独立日假期，美股全天休市，无交易数据。 【民航局成立通用航空和低空经济工作领导小组】近日，为贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署，加强对 通用航空、无人驾驶航空、低空经济等相关工作的组织领导和协调统筹，民航局于近日优化调整了民航 局通用航空工作领导小组、民用无人驾驶航空器管理领导小组和民航局促进低空经济发展工作领导小 组，成立了通用航空和低空经济工作领导小组。领 ...

Group 1 - The Civil Aviation Administration of China has established a leadership group for general aviation and low-altitude economy development, focusing on key work arrangements and cross-departmental coordination [1] - The State Council Tariff Commission has decided to impose anti-dumping duties on imported brandy from the EU starting July 5, 2025, for a period of five years [5] - The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has conducted research in Guangdong and Zhejiang provinces, emphasizing the need to stabilize expectations, activate demand, optimize supply, and mitigate risks in the real estate market [6] Group 2 - The National Energy Administration reported that the national maximum electricity load reached 1.465 billion kilowatts on July 4, an increase of approximately 200 million kilowatts from the end of June and nearly 150 million kilowatts year-on-year, setting a historical high [8] - The China Academy of Information and Communications Technology announced that domestic smartphone shipments in May 2025 totaled 23.716 million units, a year-on-year decline of 21.8%, with 5G smartphones accounting for 89.3% of the total [9] - A total of 57 A-share listed companies have released performance forecasts for the first half of 2025, with 13 companies expecting a net profit increase of over 100% year-on-year [10] Group 3 - Sanan Optoelectronics announced that its 400G optical chip products have achieved mass shipments, while 800G optical chip products have achieved small batch shipments [11] - The Shanghai Stock Exchange's merger and acquisition review committee has approved China Shipbuilding's share swap merger with China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, making it the largest publicly listed shipbuilding company globally with over 18% of the global market order backlog [15]

Core Insights - The Chinese real estate market is experiencing a mixed performance in 2025, with a decline in second-hand housing prices and a slight increase in new housing prices driven by demand for improved housing options [4][6][13]. Market Overview - The China Real Estate Index System has been tracking market changes since 1994, providing semi-annual summaries and forecasts to guide the industry [4]. - In the first half of 2025, the average price of second-hand homes in 100 cities fell by 3.60%, while new home prices increased by 1.16% due to the release of demand for improved housing [4][13]. - Nationally, new residential sales area decreased by 2.9% year-on-year from January to May 2025, although the decline was less severe compared to the previous year [5][14]. Sales Performance - The top 100 real estate companies saw a sales revenue decline of 11.8% in the first half of 2025, indicating ongoing pressure on sales performance [5][31]. - The proportion of new homes sold in key cities remains stable, with a notable increase in the sales of larger units (120-144 square meters) [5][20]. Land Market Dynamics - In the first half of 2025, the land transfer revenue for residential land in 300 cities increased by 27.5%, despite a 5.5% decrease in transaction area [4][28]. - The top 20 cities accounted for 68% of the national land transfer revenue, indicating a concentration of land market activity in major urban centers [4][28][29]. Policy and Future Outlook - Government policies are expected to play a crucial role in stabilizing the real estate market, with initiatives aimed at activating demand and optimizing supply [6][34]. - The forecast for total new residential sales in 2025 is approximately 900 million square meters, with market differentiation expected to become more pronounced [6][39]. - Companies are advised to focus on high-quality projects and adapt to new market conditions to ensure sustainable growth [7][42].

｜2025年7月7日星期一｜ NO.1 住建部：持续巩固房地产市场稳定态势 据新华社消息，住房和城乡建设部调研组近日赴广东、浙江两省调研。调研组表示，促进房地产市场平 稳、健康、高质量发展具有重要意义。各地要切实扛起责任，充分用好房地产调控政策自主权，因城施 策、精准施策，提升政策实施的系统性有效性，持续巩固房地产市场稳定态势。调研组要求，要加快建 设安全、舒适、绿色、智慧的"好房子"，满足人民群众新期待。要多管齐下稳定预期、激活需求、优化 供给、化解风险，更大力度推动房地产市场止跌回稳。 点评：此前多部门已出台系列政策 "组合拳"，保交楼成效显著，上半年全国新房与二手房交易总量同 比增长。住建部此举将进一步助力房地产市场平稳、健康、高质量发展。 NO.2 融创中国拟发行新股用于偿付56亿元境内债 点评：对花样年而言，积极磋商有助于缓解债务压力，优化财务结构，为后续项目推进提供资金保障。 若协商顺利，将为其他困境房企提供债务重组范例，促进行业信用修复。 NO.4 中交城投成都公司与贝壳签署战略合作协议 据中交城投西南分公司微信公众号消息，7月4日，中交城市投资（成都）有限公司与贝壳集团下属公司 成都方源房地产 ...

本文由 AI算法生成，仅作参考，不涉投资建议，使用风险自担 【2025年6月多项指数及货币政策动态发布】2025年6月，制造业采购经理指数为49.7%，较上月升0.2个 百分点，虽景气改善，但未脱离下行趋势。产需指数处扩张区间，生产与新订单指数分别为51.0%和 50.2%，升0.3和0.4个百分点，食品等行业产需释放快，部分行业活跃度不足。采购量指数升至50.2%， 升2.6个百分点。 价格指数回升，主要原材料购进与出厂价格指数分别为48.4%和46.2%，升1.5个百分 点。石油煤炭等价格指数回升，黑色金属冶炼等回落。非制造业商务活动指数为50.5%，升0.2个百分 点，延续扩张。 6月建筑业商务活动指数为52.8%，升1.8个百分点，土木工程建筑业高景气。业务活动 预期指数升1.5个百分点，企业信心回升。服务业商务活动指数为50.1%，基本稳定。部分行业高景气， 部分回落。业务活动预期指数处较高区间，企业较乐观。 6月综合PMI产出指数为50.7%，升0.3个百分 点，生产经营活动扩张加快。央行货币政策委员会二季度例会召开，建议加大调控强度，保持流动性充 裕，匹配融资与增长、价格目标。 会议研究深化金融 ...

● 本报记者 董添 近期，上市房企陆续披露6月单月及上半年销售数据，销售出现进一步分化。从各地官方披露的上半年 销售数据看，以一线城市和部分新一线城市为代表的部分热点地区保持一定的成交活跃度。 销售数据陆续披露 保利发展（600048）对外披露的2025年6月份销售情况简报显示，2025年6月，公司实现签约面积152.33 万平方米，签约金额290.11亿元。2025年1-6月，公司实现签约面积713.54万平方米，签约金额1451.71 亿元。 此外，保利发展还对外披露关于公司获得房地产项目的公告，公司新增加房地产项目5个，分别为上海 市杨浦区平凉街道64街坊地块、上海市闵行区都庄路西侧地块、石家庄市桥西区维明南大街东侧地块、 青岛市市北区黑龙江南路西侧地块和三亚市海棠区灯潭路北侧地块，需支付价款合计约为86.12亿元。 碧桂园6月单月实现权益销售额28.1亿元，权益销售面积35万平方米。1月至6月，碧桂园实现销售额 167.5亿元；权益销售面积204.9万平方米。 正荣地产近日公告，6月份，集团连同合营、联营公司累计合约销售金额约4.02亿元，销售建筑面积约 2.34万平方米，平均售价约每平方米1.72万 ...

Core Viewpoint - The real estate market in China has shown signs of stabilization in the first half of the year, with both new and second-hand housing transactions increasing year-on-year, particularly in key provinces where second-hand transactions have surpassed new ones [1][4]. Group 1: Market Performance - In the first half of the year, the overall transaction volume of new and second-hand homes increased year-on-year, with second-hand home transactions gradually rising [1]. - Major cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen saw significant activity in second-hand home sales, with Shenzhen experiencing over 30% year-on-year growth, while Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou had increases around 20% [1]. - In Beijing, 88,600 second-hand homes were sold in the first half of 2025, marking an 18% increase year-on-year, with over 60% of transactions being homes priced below 5 million yuan [2]. Group 2: Policy Impact - Policies such as lowering the minimum down payment for personal housing loans have significantly reduced purchasing costs, aiding market recovery [3]. - The overall price of second-hand homes in 100 cities fell by 3.6% in the first half of the year, indicating a trend of "price for volume" [3]. - Over 150 policies to optimize housing provident fund policies and 64 related to purchase subsidies were introduced in the first half of the year, effectively releasing demand potential [3]. Group 3: Future Outlook - The real estate policy environment is expected to remain loose in the second half of the year, with existing policies likely to be further implemented [3]. - Key cities are anticipated to see continued strong second-hand home transaction volumes due to significant housing demand, particularly among young people and new citizens [4].

证券研究报告 | 行业定期报告 2025 年 07 月 06 日 1-6 月累计拿地均价同比增幅较 1-5 月扩大 ——样本城市周度高频数据全追踪 总量研究/房地产 一、核心要点 图 1：样本城市新房及二手房网签面积同比（截至 7 月 3 日） 资料来源：Wind、房管局、招商证券等 表 1：样本城市新房及二手房网签面积同比（截至 7 月 3 日） | 新房（7 | 月 | 1 日-7 月 | 3 日） | 二手房（7 | 月 | 1 日-7 月 | 3 日） | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 城市能级 | 同比 | | 较 6 月 | 城市能级 | 同比 | | 较 6 月 | | 样本城市 | -34% | -扩大 | -21 PCT | 样本城市 | -9% | -扩大 | -5 PCT | | 城） （39 | | | | 城） （16 | | | | | 一线城市 | -41% | -扩大 | -40 PCT | 一线城市 | -11% | 转负 | -17 PCT | | （4 城） | | | | （2 城） | | | ...

■普惠金融·农银汇理基金投资视点 未来或引发债市变局的三大因素 ◎农银汇理基金经理 王明君 2025年上半年，债券收益率在震荡中先上后下。总体来看，过去半年债市经历了两波相对较大的调整行 情，均源于货币政策预期差和基本面预期差。 第一波调整行情出现在2月至3月中，市场一致预期的"双降"政策迟迟未落地，资金面反而开始收紧，债 券市场开始下跌。自去年12月定调"适度宽松"以来，市场对货币政策的期待很高，各路机构一路抢跑， 在今年1月初将10年期国债活跃券收益率交易至1.6%以下。但事实是，一季度央行在政策上保持了定 力，即使银行负债端承压也未进行降准降息操作。春节后资金面开始收紧，2月至3月中DR007（7天期 质押式回购利率）多处于1.8%以上，引发了中长债收益率20个基点至30个基点的上行调整行情。 我们认为，未来可以打破当前震荡格局的变量，可能来自以下三个方面。 第一，经济增长斜率放缓超预期，带动债券阶段性走强。面对国内外宏观环境的不确定性和不稳定性， 企业生产投资以及居民消费和购房需求都存在观望情绪。如果市场对短期较为亮眼的经济数据的可持续 性存在疑虑，这会影响企业资本开支积极性的提振和消费者信心恢复。下 ...