港股收费大调整 【导读】打破上下限，港股交易大调整！多家券商已通知 中国基金报记者 莫琳 香港交易所自2025年6月30日（周一）起实施新的股票交收费结构，彻底打破原有 的 最低2 港元、最高100港元的限制。 截至目前，包括中信证券等多家内地券商均发布了香港市场股份 交 收费调整的客户通知。中 国银河证券的一名投顾告诉记者，此次调整让小额交易成本骤降，成交金额小于4.76万港元 在新规下的费率是优惠的。例如，1万港元的交易额，原费用为2港元，新规后的费用为0.42 港元。但是，如果成交金额大于4.76万港元的话，费用会增加，因为新规取消了100港元/笔 的最高限制 。 也就是说，单笔交易额越大，收费越多。 值得注意的是，新规之后，仍然是买卖双边收取。 临近调整日，中信证券、中国银河证券、广发证券等多家内地券商纷纷发布了香港市场调整 股份 交 收费结构相关安排的公告，提醒港股通、B转H、H股"全流通"的投资者注意。 多家券商已发通知 今年2月，香港交易所就宣布将优化证券市场的股份交收费结构，以提高市场效率及确保有关 收费与交易金额更紧密挂钩。 具体来看，香港市场的股份交收费由此前的按成交金额的0.002%收取 ...

Group 1 - OpenAI has begun renting Google's TPU chips for the first time on a large scale, reducing its reliance on NVIDIA's GPUs and alleviating pressure on Microsoft's data centers [1][2] - OpenAI's demand for computing power has surged, with paid subscribers for ChatGPT increasing from 15 million at the beginning of the year to over 25 million, alongside hundreds of millions of free users [1] - Companies like Amazon, Microsoft, OpenAI, and Meta are developing their own inference chips to decrease dependence on NVIDIA and lower long-term costs [1][2] Group 2 - OpenAI spent over $4 billion on NVIDIA server chips last year, with training and inference costs each accounting for half, and is projected to spend nearly $14 billion on AI chip servers by 2025 [2] - The shift to Google's TPU was driven by the explosive popularity of ChatGPT's image generation tool, which increased pressure on OpenAI's inference servers [2] - Google has been developing TPU chips for about a decade and has provided this service to cloud customers since 2017, with other companies like Apple and Cohere also renting Google's TPU [2][4] Group 3 - Meta is also considering using TPU chips, indicating a broader trend among major AI chip customers [3] - Google Cloud continues to rent out NVIDIA-supported servers, as they remain the industry standard, generating more revenue than renting TPUs [4] - Google has ordered over $10 billion worth of the latest Blackwell server chips from NVIDIA, starting to provide them to select customers since February [4]

Core Points - The article discusses the key components of a significant legislative bill being voted on in the U.S. Senate, which includes raising the debt ceiling, extending tax cuts, increasing defense spending, and various tax deductions and reforms. Group 1: Fiscal Measures - The debt ceiling is proposed to be raised by $5 trillion to ensure the U.S. government's ability to meet its debt obligations [1] - The extension of the Trump-era tax cuts until December 31, 2027, maintaining the top tax rate at 37% and increasing the estate tax exemption to $15 million per individual [1] - A significant increase in defense spending, with approximately $157 billion allocated, including $29 billion for shipbuilding and maritime capabilities [1] Group 2: Immigration and Social Programs - Over $150 billion is allocated for immigration enforcement, with an additional $45 billion for detention and $13.5 billion as subsidies for local governments involved in immigration enforcement [1] - The bill requires states to share costs for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) starting in FY 2028, with states having a 5%-15% cost share if error rates exceed 6% [3] Group 3: Tax Deductions and Reforms - New tax deductions include a $25,000 "tip tax exemption" and a $12,500 (or $25,000 for couples) "overtime income tax exemption" [2] - The SALT deduction cap is raised to $40,000, with annual increases of 1% until 2029, reverting to $10,000 in 2030 [2] - The child tax credit is increased from $2,000 to $2,200 per child starting in 2026, indexed to inflation [3]

关注、加星，第一时间接收推送！ 文 | 赵伟、屠强 联系人| 屠强、耿佩璇 摘要 事件： 6月27日统计局公布5月工企效益数据，工企营收累计同比2.7%、前值3.2%；利润累计同 比-1.1%、前值1.4%。5月末，产成品存货同比3.5%、前值3.9%。 核心观点： 利润大幅回落，主因成本、费用压力"双升"，短期利润修复不确定性仍较大。 5月利润增速出现大幅回落，主要源于成本、费用压力增大，同时营收对利润增速的贡献也有回落。 5 月，工业利润当月同比大幅回落11.9pct至9%。拆分结构看，利润率大幅回落主要是成本、费用压力增 大，后两者对整体利润同比的拖累分别上行6.5pct至-9.7%、5.9pct至-1.7%。营收方面，PPI跌破-3%的背 景下，实际营业收入对利润增速的支撑也有回落，当月同比下行1.2pct至4.2%，对整体利润增速的贡献回 落至3.4%。 常规跟踪： 工企利润率回落，拖累利润增速大幅下行。 利润：工企利润大幅回落，主要是利润率的拖累增加。 5月，工业企业利润当月同比下行12.1pct。分解 来看，利润率对工企的拖累加重，当月同比较上月回落10.1pct。量价贡献有所回落，工业增加值当 ...

Core Viewpoint - The market for n-butanol showed a trend of decline followed by a strong rebound in June, driven by improved supply-demand dynamics and diverse market drivers, although future market corrections are anticipated as positive influences wane [1][9]. Supply and Demand Factors - In June, n-butanol prices initially fell but rebounded strongly in the latter half of the month, with prices reaching 6450-6450 RMB/ton by June 25, an increase of 200 RMB/ton from the monthly average and 275 RMB/ton from the lowest point during the month [1]. - The supply-demand situation improved, with market confidence, supply, and costs contributing positively to n-butanol prices [1]. Impact of Raw Materials - The average gross margin for the n-butanol industry fell below 8% in Q2, with a slight improvement in June, but absolute gross margins remained low [4]. - As of June 23, propylene prices rose to 6890-7000 RMB/ton, increasing n-butanol production costs by approximately 256 RMB/ton, which significantly compressed profit margins [4]. Market Sentiment and External Influences - The strong performance of crude oil prices in June, influenced by geopolitical factors in the Middle East, bolstered market confidence and reduced bearish sentiment towards n-butanol, despite the restart of several production facilities [3]. - The anticipated reduction in n-butanol supply from neighboring regions, particularly due to planned shutdowns in Taiwan, may alleviate pressure on the domestic market and create export opportunities [7]. Production and Operational Challenges - Unexpected fluctuations in production facilities in June led to a failure of the industry to meet previous inventory accumulation expectations, with reduced operational levels observed in several plants [6]. - The industry is expected to shift from inventory depletion to accumulation, with increased domestic production anticipated to counterbalance any reductions in imports [9][10].

证券研究报告|宏观跟踪周报 [Table_Date] 2025 年 06 月 28 日 [Table_Title] 跨季后，逆回购到期 2 万亿+ [Table_Title2] 流动性跟踪 [Table_Summary] ►概况：央行加码呵护，跨季成本逐级攀升 6 月 23-27 日，跨季将至，虽然央行呵护力度接连提升，但是跨季资金成本还 是逐级上台阶。复盘本周资金市场，临近跨季，央行持续加码净投放力度，全周累 计净投放 12672 亿元，为今年以来单周净投放次高。与此同时，6 月中长期资金同 样超额投放，合计投放规模为 3180 亿元，高于 3 月跨季的 1630 亿元。 在央行持续净投放资金的背景下，隔夜利率平稳，DR001 全周基本围绕 1.37% 水平窄幅震荡；R001 除周五小幅升至 1.46%外，前四日同样基本稳定在 1.44%左 右。而跨季资金成本则持续攀升，DR007由周一的 1.51%逐日升至周五的 1.70%， R007 也由 1.56%大幅升至 1.92%。 ►展望：跨季后，流动性或将自发式宽松 往后看，下周一（6 月 30日）资金面将迎来最后考验，隔夜利率预计出现短期 冲高，2022- ...

Core Viewpoint - The Sichuan Provincial Government has issued a plan to effectively reduce logistics costs across the society, aiming for significant improvements in transportation structure and logistics efficiency by 2027 [1][2]. Group 1: Logistics Cost Reduction Goals - By 2027, the railway freight volume and turnover ratio in Sichuan are targeted to reach 3.5% and approximately 32% respectively, with port container intermodal transport expected to grow by no less than 15% annually [1]. - The ratio of total social logistics costs to regional GDP is aimed to be reduced to around 13.7% [1]. Group 2: Key Measures and Support - The plan outlines 20 measures focusing on enhancing comprehensive transportation organization efficiency, strengthening the modern logistics industry, and improving logistics hubs and network [1][2]. - It emphasizes the need for financial, land, policy, and talent support to ensure the effective implementation of these measures [1]. Group 3: Supply Chain and Industry Collaboration - The plan highlights the importance of a complete supply chain system for cost reduction, proposing the "New Three Samples" logistics enhancement project tailored to Sichuan's characteristic industries [2]. - Initiatives include establishing efficient logistics channels for lithium batteries and supporting rapid customs clearance for new energy vehicles [2]. Group 4: Infrastructure and Network Development - The plan proposes optimizing logistics hub facilities and exploring integrated development of highway service areas and logistics [2]. - It aims to address gaps in the logistics network and enhance the capacity of key transport routes, including the Western Land-Sea New Corridor [2].

Group 1 - The core idea of the article revolves around the rising popularity of low-cost entrepreneurial projects, particularly the "grass chicken egg cake" stores that have rapidly spread across major cities in China [1][10] - These stores are characterized by their simple and low-cost setup, with many entrepreneurs claiming to achieve quick returns on investment, such as recovering 50,000 yuan in just 10 days [13][14] - The marketing strategy employed by these stores often includes a "hunger marketing" approach, creating a sense of scarcity that drives customer demand and long queues [9][8] Group 2 - The article highlights the challenges faced by this booming market, including the limited supply of quality raw materials, particularly grass chicken eggs, which can hinder brand expansion [23] - It also points out the difficulties of sustaining single-product stores, as the novelty can quickly wear off, leading to a decline in customer interest and foot traffic [24] - The survival rate of new restaurants has decreased significantly, from 78% to 56% over the past five years, indicating increasing competition and operational challenges in the restaurant industry [31][30] Group 3 - The article discusses the misconceptions surrounding low-cost restaurant entrepreneurship, emphasizing that initial investment costs often do not account for ongoing operational expenses [28][29] - Many new entrants into the restaurant industry underestimate the complexity and demands of running a successful business, leading to a high failure rate among new ventures [36][35] - The competitive landscape has evolved, requiring a focus on supply chain management, operational efficiency, and brand innovation rather than just product offerings [37][32]

Core Points - The article discusses a significant failure experienced by SpaceX on June 28, 2015, when a Falcon 9 rocket exploded shortly after launch due to a minor component failure [1][6][10] - The incident resulted in the loss of a CRS-7 mission intended to deliver 2,500 kilograms of supplies to the International Space Station [6][10] - The failure was attributed to a broken helium tank support strut, which was designed to withstand 4,500 kilograms of force but failed under less than 900 kilograms [8][10] Summary by Sections Incident Overview - The Falcon 9 rocket launched successfully but exploded 139 seconds into the flight, leading to a complete loss of the vehicle and its cargo [4][6] - The explosion occurred on Elon Musk's birthday, adding a dramatic element to the event [6] Investigation and Findings - SpaceX established an accident investigation committee comprising 34 engineers from NASA, FAA, Lockheed, and SpaceX [8] - The investigation revealed that the failure of a carbon fiber-wrapped stainless steel support strut led to a catastrophic chain reaction, resulting in the explosion [8] Impact on SpaceX and the Industry - The incident caused significant financial losses for SpaceX, estimated in the hundreds of millions of dollars [8] - Despite the setback, SpaceX quickly resumed operations and achieved subsequent successful launches, indicating resilience and a commitment to learning from failures [10] - The event served as a critical lesson for the aerospace industry, emphasizing the importance of rigorous engineering standards and testing [10]

Core Viewpoint - OpenAI aims to leverage Google's TPU tensor processing units to reduce its operational costs [1] Group 1 - OpenAI is exploring the use of TPU technology from Google to enhance its cost efficiency [1]