另外，他尤其重视杜邦分析法中的利润率和财务杠杆两大指标：利润率是行业护城河的直观体现，高门 槛企业往往对应高利润率；而对于具备定价权的龙头企业，适度高杠杆反而能提升ROE水平。他以苹果 为例指出，其80%以上的资产负债率与强大的偿债能力、股东回报能力共存，证明优秀企业的杠杆运用 可转化为战略优势。 在个股选择时，尹涛更为关注具备技术创新、产品创新、商业模式创新能力的公司，而当投资环境更为 复杂时，他也愈发意识到能够"决定自己命运"公司的投资价值，因此在他的重仓股中，多家全球产业链 龙头公司已经被"长情"持有数年。 关注能决定自己命运的公司 从尹涛管理的基金重仓股分布观察，其持仓覆盖的行业较为多元——虽以制造、消费为核心配置方向， 但医药、科技等领域亦有阶段性布局。这一分散与聚焦并存的策略下，其选股逻辑是否存在共性特征？ "我喜欢那些能够完全决定自己命运的公司，这样的企业抗风险能力强，不靠别人赏饭吃，能靠自己争 取市场。" 尹涛在谈及选股逻辑时，首先强调了企业"独立性"的重要性。在他看来，中国经济发展到当 前阶段，中小企业已难有突围机会，"胜者为王"的格局逐渐形成，具备全球竞争力的龙头企业将持续领 跑。 这一逻 ...

华盛顿的夏夜闷热粘稠，美联储主席鲍威尔在国会山听证席上擦去额角的汗珠。仅仅24小时前，他刚向议员们强调利率调整还需"观望"，话音未落，特朗普 的咆哮已席卷社交媒体："鲍威尔是最差的主席！立刻给我降息2到3个百分点！" 芝加哥商品交易所的交易屏幕在凌晨1点闪烁着冷光：美联储7月降息概率仅21%，而9月启动降息的可能性已飙升至90%以上。 市场刚消化完美联储内部分 裂的信号——两位特朗普任命的官员沃勒与鲍曼意外转向鸽派，暗示7月可能降息；但转眼间十多位官员集体泼下冷水："需要更多数据！" 01 美联储降息博弈，政治阴影下的独立危机 鲍威尔在国会听证会上的表态成为这场风暴的导火索。面对议员质询，他反复强调关税政策使美联储难以预测通胀前景："自二战以来各国都在减少关税， 但如今加征关税规模是特朗普第一任期的六倍，我们必须审慎分析。" 当被问及7月降息可能性时，他罕见松口："降息宜早不宜迟"，却拒绝承诺具体时间 点。 美联储内部裂痕在点阵图上暴露无遗：19位决策者中，7人坚持今年不降息，8人支持降息两次。 分裂程度创十年新高，最常见与次常见预测差距达50基 点。 德意志银行报告指出："这不是历史性不确定性，而是历史性分 ...

Core Viewpoint - The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) is intensifying its crackdown on violations by intermediary institutions, particularly accounting firms, to prevent failures in their "gatekeeper" roles in the capital market [1][3][4]. Summary by Sections Administrative Penalties - In the first half of 2025, the CSRC imposed 25 administrative penalties on 18 securities intermediary institutions, totaling fines of 208.21 million yuan, marking increases of 127%, 175%, and 106% compared to the same period in 2024 [2][4]. - Among the penalized institutions, 21 were accounting firms, accounting for 84% of the total penalties, with the highest number of penalties against Da Xin Accounting Firm and the highest fine against Tianheng Accounting Firm [1][6]. Industry Challenges - The increase in penalties reflects ongoing issues within intermediary institutions, including survival pressures, fierce competition, and collusion with clients for profit [4][5]. - The lack of diligence and professionalism among intermediaries has led to a rise in cases of negligence, with 95 cases reported in 2024, continuing a three-year upward trend [4][6]. Regulatory Focus - The CSRC emphasizes the importance of intermediary institutions in maintaining market integrity and has committed to holding them accountable for any failures in their duties [3][8]. - Experts suggest that maintaining the independence of accounting firms is crucial for effective auditing and compliance with legal standards [8][9]. Recommendations for Improvement - There is a call for reforms in the audit engagement system, including direct appointments of auditors for companies with a history of financial fraud and shortening mandatory rotation periods for auditors [9][10]. - The use of technology in auditing, such as AI and blockchain, is recommended to enhance audit quality and efficiency [10]. Conclusion - The CSRC's stringent measures and the industry's response highlight the critical need for improved accountability and quality in the auditing process to safeguard the interests of investors and the integrity of the capital market [1][3][10].

未来数年，通胀上升似乎难以避免，而美国财政部增加短债发行量的决定，很可能成为推升通胀的结构性因素。 国库券作为期限在一年以下的债务工具，比长期债券更具"货币性"。 历史数据显示，国库券在未偿债务总额中所占比例的升降，往往领先于通胀的长期起落， 这更像是因果关系，而非简单的相关性 。 美国财政部倾向于增加短期债券发行的策略，正在实质性削弱美联储的独立性，货币政策制定权或将事实上转移至财政部门。 本周，美国财政部长贝森特明确表态，倾向于更多依赖短期债务融资，这一立场与其此前批评前任过度依赖短期国债的表态形成反差，该策略实质上相当于财 政版量化宽松政策。 从短期看，财政部转向更多发行短期国债将刺激风险资产价格进一步脱离长期公允价值，并在结构上推高通胀水平 。 更为深远的影响在于，这将严重限制美联储自由制定反通胀货币政策的能力，形成财政主导格局 。美联储的实际独立性近年来已受到侵蚀，而短期国债发行量 的激增将进一步剥夺央行自由制定货币政策的空间。 短债为何是通胀的"助燃剂" 本轮通胀周期的抬头，其先兆便是2010年代中期开始的国库券发行量回升，当时美国财政赤字首次出现顺周期增长。 此外，近年来回购市场的爆发式增长也放 ...

彭博宏观策略师Simon White表示，美国财政部倾向于在美债收益率曲线的短端增加融资，这将进一步损害美联 储的独立性，并逐渐让货币政策实质上落入财政掌控之中。美元将成为牺牲品，而美债收益率曲线将变得更加陡 峭。 权力祭坛上的牺牲已然开始。美国财政部长贝森特虽曾抨击前任依靠短期票据填补赤字，但本周他明确表态倾向 于通过短期债务增加融资——这实质上是一种类似量化宽松的财政政策。 尽管这对财政部和市场而言合乎逻辑，但对美联储却绝对不利。美联储可能很快发现，其独立性在实践中已遭到 严重削弱。财政部进一步向短期票据倾斜的发行策略将导致： 其中最后一点影响最为深远。美联储的实际独立性已被侵蚀多年，但短期票据发行激增将进一步剥夺美联储自由 制定政策的能力。结合美国总统更强势的干预，美联储可能面临70多年前《财政部-美联储协议》以来最严重的 附属化危机——该协议曾奠定现代美联储独立性的基石。 通胀时代已不可避免。更多短期国债发行可能导致CPI结构性上升。短期票据作为一年期内的债务工具，比长期 债券更具"货币属性"。下图揭示了关键规律： 为何短期票据具备魔力？首先，与长期国债不同，它们在回购交易中常享受零折扣，允许更高杠杆 ...

Group 1 - The Federal Reserve is experiencing pressure from multiple fronts, including public criticism from President Trump and unusual signals from Fed officials suggesting potential interest rate cuts [3][6] - The independence of the Federal Reserve is being undermined by political influences, particularly through the weakening of the Labor Statistics Bureau, which affects the reliability of inflation data [3][4] - The current political environment is shifting the focus of monetary policy from economic indicators to trade policies, as indicated by the Treasury Secretary's comments [6][8] Group 2 - The credibility of U.S. inflation data is in question, with nearly one-third of CPI data derived from estimates, leading to potential misguidance in monetary policy [4][6] - The Federal Reserve's role in stabilizing the dollar and the global financial order is at risk due to the U.S. government's fiscal tightening and its impact on statistical capabilities [4] - The ongoing political battle is reshaping the Federal Reserve's identity and operational independence, with implications for its future role in economic management [8]

Core Viewpoint - The UK government has announced a plan to revitalize the struggling onshore wind industry, emphasizing its role as a key source of affordable and rapidly constructed electricity, which will enhance energy independence [1] Group 1 - The UK government lifted the de facto ban on new onshore wind farms nearly a year ago [1] - Energy Secretary Ed Miliband highlighted the importance of onshore wind in the report released by the working group [1] - Onshore wind is recognized as one of the cheapest and fastest sources of electricity available [1]

为什么会这样？因为美联储现在的关注点发生了一些微妙的变化。他们不再仅仅盯着传统的就业和通胀 数字，而是开始花更多心思去琢磨一些"政策实验"带来的影响，特别是贸易和移民政策是如何改变美国 企业的经营和用人决策的。 Timiraos的核心看法是，6月就业报告不太可能动摇美联储今年夏季在利率问题上观望的模式。换句话 说，别太指望7月底的下次会议马上就会降息。 华尔街见闻此前提到，美联储"当红理事"沃勒和"特朗普提名"的美联储金融监管副主席鲍曼最近都表 示，支持最早7月降息。Timiraos指出，大多数美联储官员并未对7月降息的可能性做太多努力。 同时，美联储还面临着巨大的外部压力。美国总统特朗普对美联储主席鲍威尔及其联储同事的施压可以 说已经到了白热化的地步，他甚至公开呼吁鲍威尔辞职。在这样的背景下，美联储的每一步棋都显得格 外谨慎，也格外引人注目。 一份不足以改变观望局面的就业报告 本周四公布的报告显示，美国6月新增非农就业人口14.7万，较华尔街预期多增4.1万，前两个月就业人 口合计上修1.6万；6月私人部门就业人口仅增加7.4万，创去年10月以来最低增幅；6月失业率未如预期 从5月的4.2%升至4.3%，反 ...

Group 1 - COMEX silver prices have increased significantly, currently trading at $37.20 per ounce, with a rise of 1.10% from the opening price of $36.79 per ounce [1][5] - The highest price reached today was $37.24 per ounce, while the lowest was $36.57 per ounce [1][5] Group 2 - Concerns regarding the independence of the Federal Reserve have been raised, with two-thirds of reserve managers expressing worries about political interference affecting monetary policy [3] - Since President Trump took office, his public criticism and pressure on the Federal Reserve have led to a reassessment of the dollar's reliability as a safe-haven asset [3] - Approximately 35% of central banks surveyed believe the U.S. may require allies to convert medium- to long-term debt into ultra-long-term zero-coupon bonds, reflecting concerns over U.S. debt management strategies [4] - Despite these concerns, nearly 80% of respondents expect the dollar to maintain its status as the global reserve currency, with the dollar currently accounting for 58% of global foreign exchange reserves [4] - However, 29% of central banks plan to reduce investments in U.S. assets in the future, indicating a gradual decline in the attractiveness of dollar-denominated assets [4]

新华社北京7月3日电 继多次要求美国联邦储备委员会降息遭拒，进而威胁替换现任美联储主席鲍威尔后，美国 总统特朗普再次向鲍威尔发难，并要求国会调查鲍威尔。特朗普2日发文说，鲍威尔应立即辞职。 连续"开炮" 特朗普2日在社交媒体上转发关于鲍威尔应被调查的文章，并点评称"'太迟（先生）'应该立即辞职！！！" 特朗普在社交媒体发文截图 据多家媒体报道，特朗普政府当天以"存在政治立场偏差"和"在国会做虚假陈述"为由，要求国会调查鲍威尔，指 控鲍威尔牵头的美联储总部建筑翻新项目存在重大违规嫌疑，称鲍威尔在接受国会相关质询时刻意隐瞒事实、采 取消极态度，应当予以"免职追责"。 尽管特朗普已多次催促美联储降息，美联储公开市场委员会在6月18日结束的货币政策会议上仍决定维持联邦基金 利率目标区间不变。这是其自今年1月以来连续第四次决定维持利率不变。 6月18日，美联储主席鲍威尔在华盛顿出席记者会。新华社记者胡友松摄 鲍威尔7月1日在葡萄牙辛特拉举行的欧洲央行中央银行论坛上重申，美联储对进一步降息的前景保持耐心观望态 度，但不排除在本月会议上降息的可能性，称一切都取决于即将公布的数据。 "我们正在努力实现宏观稳定。"鲍威尔在论坛 ...