▌王顺成 今年是中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年，不禁令人想起了卢沟桥事变——面对日寇的进攻，驻守卢沟桥的29军奋起抵抗，打响全民族抗战 第一枪，并开辟了世界反法西斯战争的东方主战场。 在卢沟桥事变之前，面对民族危机的加重，中国共产党把抗日民族统一战线工作的重点放在了宋哲元和29军身上。共产党员在29军积极宣传抗日主张，发展 了大批抗日积极分子。 中国军队在卢沟桥抗击日军的进攻 冯玉祥送给第29军军长宋哲元的大刀形铜墨盒 建起多个抗日组织 联络代表常驻29军 29军是爱国将领冯玉祥的旧部，官兵还保留一些西北军的传统，有一定的爱国主义情怀。士兵们在饭前仍要像国民军时，先唱歌："这些饮食人民供给，我 们应当为民努力；帝国主义我们之敌，救国救民吾辈天职。" 还有《起床歌》："黑夜过去天破晓，朝日上升人起早。外患方多，卧薪枕戈。人人振发奋勉，不可懒惰，努力工作……" 亦有《睡觉歌》："今日工作又完了，平安快乐去睡觉；国耻莫忘了，灭日复仇显英豪。" 29军军长宋哲元在苦撑华北危局之中，想到了中国共产党，乃于1936年8月派刘子青为联络代表到延安。毛泽东及时派张金吾（经武）到宋哲元处担任中共 中央的联络代表 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese people's significant sacrifices during the War of Resistance against Japan played a crucial role in supporting the global anti-fascist war effort, marking China as the main battlefield in the East [1] Summary by Relevant Sections - **Human and Economic Costs** - Over 35 million Chinese military and civilian casualties were reported during the war [1] - Direct economic losses were estimated at over 100 billion USD, while indirect losses exceeded 500 billion USD when adjusted to 1937 values [1] - **Military Impact** - The Chinese front effectively tied down and resisted the main forces of Japanese militarism, resulting in the annihilation of over 1.5 million Japanese troops [1] - China's resistance was pivotal in the complete defeat of Japanese aggressors [1] - **Strategic Contributions** - China's efforts strategically supported and coordinated with Allied operations, influencing actions in both the European and Asian theaters [1] - The Chinese resistance disrupted the strategic coordination attempts of Japanese fascists with German and Italian fascists, significantly impacting the global anti-fascist victory and the pursuit of world peace [1]

吉鸿昌像。 吉鸿昌将军纪念馆供图 河南周口扶沟县鸿昌大道东段，吉鸿昌将军纪念馆宏伟肃穆，一座7米多高的铜像矗立在馆前的广场 ——抗日名将吉鸿昌身穿戎装、目光如炬。 "有贼无我，有我无贼。非贼杀我，即我杀贼。半壁河山，业经改色。是好男儿，舍身报国。"纪念馆 内，讲解员张婧向观众介绍吉鸿昌出征前的动员讲话。 1933年5月，在中共北方组织的领导与帮助下，以冯玉祥为总司令的抗日武装"察哈尔民众抗日同盟 军"在张家口建立。吉鸿昌任第2军军长、北路军前敌总指挥兼察哈尔警备司令，率部进攻察北日伪军。 在纪念馆"浴血奋战 收复河山"展厅，展示柜里陈列着抗日战争时期的军旗、军衣、军帽、臂章等珍贵 实物。穿越历史长河，它们向参观者诉说着英雄情怀。 1934年，吉鸿昌参与组织中国人民反法西斯大同盟，被推为主任委员，秘密印刷《民族战旗》报，宣传 抗日。当年11月9日，吉鸿昌在天津法租界被军统特务暗杀受伤，遭逮捕并引渡到北平军分会。 面对敌人的迫害逼供，吉鸿昌大义凛然地说："我能够加入革命的队伍，能够成为共产党的一员，能够 为我们党的主义，为人类的解放而奋斗，这正是我毕生的最大光荣。""我为抗日而死，死得光明正 大！"1934年11 ...

国防军工 行 业 研 究 / 行 业 点 评 证券分析师 韩强 A0230518060003 hanqiang@swsresearch.com 武雨桐 A0230520090001 wuyt@swsresearch.com 穆少阳 A0230524070009 musy@swsresearch.com 研究支持 达邵炜 A0230124030001 dasw@swsresearch.com 联系人 达邵炜 (8621)23297818× dasw@swsresearch.com 2025 年 06 月 23 日 地缘政治不确定性提升估值，季报 预期逐步落地促发反转 看好 —— 国防军工行业周报（2025 年第 26 周） 本期投资提示： ⚫ 本周申万国防军工指数下跌 2.01%，中证军工龙头指数下跌 2.83%，同期上证综指下 跌 0.51%，沪深 300 下跌 0.45%，创业板指下跌 1.66%，申万国防军工指数跑输创 业板指、跑输沪深 300、跑输上证综指、跑赢军工龙头指数。1、从细分板块来看，本 周国防军工板块 2.01%的跌幅在 31 个申万一级行业涨跌幅排名第 17 位。2、从我们构 建的军工集团 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the historical context and significance of the September 18 Incident and the July 7 Incident, marking the beginning and escalation of the Chinese resistance against Japanese aggression, leading to a unified national effort in the Anti-Japanese War [10][18]. Group 1: Historical Background - The September 18 Incident in 1931 initiated Japan's aggressive expansion into China, which was the first step in its broader imperial ambitions [10]. - The period following the September 18 Incident is characterized as "localized resistance," where anti-Japanese activities were not yet widespread across the nation [10][11]. - The July 7 Incident in 1937 marked the transition from localized resistance to a full-scale national war against Japan, uniting various political factions under a common cause [10][18]. Group 2: Political Dynamics - During the early phase of the Anti-Japanese War, the Nationalist government under Chiang Kai-shek exhibited a passive attitude towards anti-Japanese activities, fearing the rise of local warlords [12][13]. - Local warlords often prioritized their own power struggles over national unity, leading to fragmented resistance efforts [12][13]. - The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) initially struggled to establish a united front against Japan due to its weakened position after the 1927 anti-communist purge [13][14]. Group 3: Rise of Anti-Japanese Sentiment - Despite the challenges, the anti-Japanese sentiment grew, particularly in response to Japan's increasing aggression, leading to the formation of various resistance groups [15][16]. - The establishment of the Anti-Japanese National United Front was a significant development, with the CCP advocating for a unified resistance against Japanese forces [19]. - The July 7 Incident catalyzed a nationwide call for comprehensive resistance, with Chiang Kai-shek's rhetoric emphasizing collective responsibility for defense [18][19]. Group 4: Regional Impact - The events in Hainan, while geographically distant, were influenced by the national anti-Japanese sentiment, leading to local organizations advocating for resistance [20]. - The CCP in Hainan adapted to the changing political landscape, forming alliances with local Nationalist forces to establish a united front against Japanese invaders [20]. - The formation of the Hainan Anti-Japanese National United Front marked a significant local response to the broader national movement [20].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the life and contributions of Yu Dafu, a Chinese writer and patriot, who transformed from a literary figure into a warrior for national liberation, ultimately sacrificing his life for the anti-Japanese war effort [1][2]. Group 1: Life and Background - Yu Dafu was born on December 7, 1896, in a family of intellectuals in Fuyang, Zhejiang [1]. - He expressed his deep love for the country in his diary during his studies in Japan at the age of 17, stating that his life was tied to the fate of the nation [1]. - As a founding member of the "Creation Society," his literary works, such as "Sinking" and "On a Spring Night," established his position in modern Chinese literature [1]. Group 2: Anti-Japanese Efforts - In March 1938, Yu Dafu was elected as a director of the National Anti-Japanese Association of Literature and Art, documenting the struggles of Chinese soldiers and civilians as a war correspondent [2]. - He moved to Singapore in late 1938, where he served as the editor of the "Morning Star" supplement of the "Singapore Daily" and became the chairman of the Singapore Cultural Anti-Japanese Federation [2]. - Between 1939 and 1942, he published numerous articles supporting the anti-Japanese cause, significantly boosting the morale of overseas Chinese [2]. Group 3: Final Years and Legacy - After the fall of Singapore in 1942, Yu Dafu used the alias "Zhao Lian" and continued his anti-Japanese activities while running a distillery as a cover [2]. - He was forced to work as a translator for the Japanese occupying forces, during which he secretly aided many locals and gathered crucial intelligence on Japanese war crimes [2]. - Yu Dafu was secretly killed by Japanese military police on August 29, 1945, shortly after Japan's surrender, at the age of 49 [2]. - In 1952, he was posthumously recognized as a revolutionary martyr by the People's Republic of China, and in 2014, he was included in the first batch of notable anti-Japanese heroes [2]. Group 4: Commemoration and Influence - Today, various places in Fuyang are named after Yu Dafu, reflecting the enduring legacy of his patriotic spirit [3]. - The Yu Dafu Novel Award, established by the Zhejiang Writers Association and the Fuyang District Government, has become a significant literary award in China, held every two years [3]. - Yu Dafu's descendants continue to honor his legacy, emphasizing the importance of his values in contemporary society [4].

他带领的队伍被毛泽东同志称为"百战百胜的回民支队"。抗日战争时期，他率部转战冀中平原、渤海之 滨、冀鲁豫敌后战场，经历大小战斗870余次，歼灭日伪军3.67万余名，建起"敌后抗日堡垒"，沉重打 击了日寇的嚣张气焰。 他是马本斋，1902年生于河北献县一个贫苦回族农民家庭。七七事变后，日本侵略军的铁蹄踏进华北， 马本斋誓以热血卫中华，组织青壮年奋起抵抗日本侵略者。1938年1月，马本斋组建回民抗日义勇队。 "拿起枪，保家园！"他振臂一呼，唤起回族同胞抗日热情。1938年3月，他率队前往冀中抗日根据地重 要区域河北河间，加入中国共产党领导的河北游击军，编为回民教导队，后与另一支回民抗日武装合编 为八路军冀中军区回民教导总队；1938年10月，他正式加入中国共产党。 他在入党申请书中写道："我心甘情愿把我的一切献给伟大的中国共产党，献给为回族解放和整个中华 民族的解放而奋斗的伟业。" 早年投身行伍的经历，锤炼了马本斋卓越的军事素养。1939年7月，马本斋任八路军冀中军区回民支队 司令员，炸桥梁、破公路、打伏击，屡创日伪军。 为纪念抗日英雄马本斋，献县本斋回族乡本斋东村建成纪念馆，并面向公众开放。在马本斋纪念馆，北 ...

Core Viewpoint - The year 2025 marks the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, highlighting the significance of patriotism and national spirit in this historical context [1] Group 1 - Yang Jingyu, a prominent figure in the anti-Japanese resistance, demonstrated unwavering determination and leadership throughout his life, becoming a symbol of the Chinese spirit [3][10] - His famous response to surrender offers, "If we Chinese surrender, is there still a China?" reflects his deep commitment to the nation even in dire circumstances [5] - Yang Jingyu's strategic use of guerrilla warfare made him a nightmare for Japanese forces in Northeast China, showcasing his military prowess [7][16] Group 2 - In 1937, following the outbreak of the "July 7 Incident," Yang Jingyu called for unity among various ethnic groups and classes in Northeast China to resist Japanese invaders [11] - Yang Jingyu's leadership during the Longgang Battle in August 1938 resulted in significant losses for the Japanese puppet forces, further establishing his reputation as a skilled commander [14][16] - Despite facing extreme hardships, including starvation and relentless enemy attacks, Yang Jingyu chose to remain in South Manchuria to uphold the anti-Japanese banner, understanding the symbolic importance of his presence [20][22] Group 3 - In the final months of his life, Yang Jingyu engaged in 47 battles against Japanese and puppet forces, ultimately sacrificing his life in February 1940 at the age of 35 [24] - After his death, the Japanese military sought to understand his resilience, discovering that he had survived on inedible materials, which highlighted his extraordinary endurance [26] - The death of Yang Jingyu was celebrated by the Japanese as a significant victory, yet it also underscored the indomitable spirit of the Chinese resistance, as noted by a Japanese war criminal's reflection on the strength of Chinese patriots [28][32]

图①：孙文秀接受采访。 本报记者 刘以晴摄 图②：孙文秀年轻时的照片。 受访者供图 在吉林通化的家中，百岁老兵孙文秀坐在轮椅上，身着军装，佩戴党员徽章，脊背笔挺。老人颤巍巍地 拿出中国人民抗日战争胜利60、70周年的两枚纪念章，操着一口浓浓山东口音："抗战胜利，不容易 啊，不容易。" 为何从"七十一"改叫"文秀"？ "不光要能打仗，我们还要学文化、有知识，建设国家" 1924年2月，山东文登，在祖母71岁时，孙文秀出生，因此"七十一"成了他的名字。 1938年，日本侵略者在山东烧杀抢掠，民不聊生。当年秋天，年仅14岁的孙文秀毅然扔下放猪的鞭子， 找到附近的抗日队伍，请求加入八路军。"你们能打赢鬼子，又保护老百姓。"当问及参军原因时，孙文 秀这样回答。 "牺牲是光荣的，我参军就不怕死。"孙文秀加入的队伍八路军115师686团，是1928年组建的红军队伍， 改编后走上抗日战场，在当地赫赫有名，被许多老百姓亲切称为"老六团"。 1939年，部队换发军装，营里郝教导员听闻"七十一"的土名，目光温和地落在这个小战士身上："你姓 孙，叫孙文秀咋样？不光要能打仗，我们还要学文化、有知识，建设国家。" 咋突围？肥城的山看似连 ...

平型关大捷主战场乔沟。 图为平型关大捷纪念馆提供 1937年七七事变后，根据国共两党达成的协议，中国工农红军第一、第二、第四方面军及陕北红军等部 改编为国民革命军第八路军。 平型关大捷后，八路军向敌后挺进。 图为中国人民抗日战争纪念馆提供 115师战士伏击日军。 图为中国人民抗日战争纪念馆提供 115师独立团向灵丘以东的腰站地区开进。 图为平型关大捷纪念馆提供 为配合友军作战，9月24日，八路军第115师确定在平型关东北方向的关沟经乔沟至东河南镇长约13公里 的公路旁采取一翼伏击的战术。25日拂晓，日军第5师团辎重联队和第21旅团主力等部队沿灵丘至平型 关公路由东向西开进，7时许全部进入第115师预伏地域。第115师抓住战机，突然发起全线攻击。经过 激烈战斗，全歼被围日军。 此战，八路军第115师以自身伤亡400余人的代价，歼灭日军1000余人，并缴获大批军用物资。平型关大 捷是八路军首次集中较大兵力对日军进行的一次成功的伏击战，打破了日军不可战胜的神话，极大地增 强了全国军民的抗战信心，提高了共产党和八路军的威望。 （本报记者徐雷鹏、郑洋洋整理） 《 人民日报 》（ 2025年06月18日 11 版） (责 ...