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稀土之争绝非突然爆发。早在今年4月美国对华加征高额关税后，中国依据《出口管制法》迅速作出反应。钐、钆、铽、镝等中重稀土相关物项被 纳入管制清单。政策一出，国际稀土供应链顿显紧张。美国财长贝森特随后公开表达焦虑，坦承中国对美稀土磁铁出口"仍未恢复到4月初水平"。 这场围绕"工业维生素"的博弈，让美国尝到了贸易战中的苦果。 稀土（资料图） 中国并非简单关上出口大门。知情人士透露，中方采取了"六个月宽限期"的动态评估机制，每半年根据国际形势与供需关系调整政策。企业需提交 详尽的生产数据、最终用途说明甚至厂房照片等核心信息，才能申请出口许可。这套组合拳，将商业信息申报与许可证审核挂钩，被外界形容为 以"商业机密换通行证"的反制策略。 四国华盛顿聚首看似团结，实则暗流涌动。日本曾饱尝中国稀土供应受限之苦，谈判中不愿轻易接受美国塞入的"毒丸条款"——即以牺牲对华关系 换取关税优惠。印度虽与美国的贸易谈判相对顺利，但作为全球增长最快经济体之一，其更看重市场开放与技术引进，对联合围堵中国兴致有限。 这种分歧在会场外显露无遗：30至40家四国企业代表聚集美国国务院商讨供应链多元化，恰恰暴露了核心矛盾——倡议雄心与现实能力之间的 ...

第一财经每日早间精选热点新闻，点击「听新闻」，一键收听。 【今日推荐】 最高50%特朗普再宣称对8国加征关税 当地时间7月9日，美国总统特朗普在社交媒体上发布了致文莱、阿尔及利亚、摩尔多瓦、伊拉克、菲律 宾、斯里兰卡、利比亚和巴西的信件。特朗普称，美国将自2025年8月1日起对菲律宾的产品征收20%的 关税，对文莱和摩尔多瓦的产品征收25%的关税，对阿尔及利亚、伊拉克、斯里兰卡和利比亚的产品征 收30%的关税，对巴西的产品征收50%的关税。 美国今年已报告1288例麻疹病例创33年来新高 当地时间7月9日，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）发布的数据显示，截至目前，美国今年（2025 年）已报告1288例麻疹病例，这一数字创下33年来的新高。数据显示，2025年刚过半，美国的麻疹病例 总数就已超过2019年全年确诊的1274例，而2019年曾被视为1992年以来麻疹疫情最严重的一年。就目前 情况来看，2025年已成为自1992年以来美国麻疹疫情最为严重的一年，1992年美国共报告2126例麻疹病 例。 市场监管总局召开企业公平竞争座谈会 7月9日，市场监管总局以"维护公平竞争市场秩序，促进民营经济高质量发展"为 ...

近段时间，开在济南万象城商场负一楼的哈根达斯闭店，让不少消费者疑惑。新黄河记者了解发现，济 南哈根达斯门店仅玉函银座店和高新万达店仍在运营。万象城、恒隆广场等其余门店均已暂停营业。这 一现象也是其门店收缩的缩影。哈根达斯撤店的场景还在北京、武汉、长沙、郑州等城市上演，哈根达 斯全国门店从2024年1月超400家减至247家，不到两年少了150余家，山东也仅剩5市共9家门店。 近年来，哈根达斯在中国市场逐步开始收缩门店的进程。北京、上海、大连等城市的标志性店铺，正在 悄然撤场。 而哈根达斯母公司通用磨坊财报显示，2025财年哈根达斯在华高端冰淇淋业务销售额同比降3.2%，客 流量两位数下滑，公司全年净利润降8%。而中国冰淇淋市场竞争加剧，本土品牌崛起、Gelato规模破 120亿元，新兴茶饮也分流客群，这个"高价冰淇淋代表"正面临挑战。 济南多商圈暂失哈根达斯 现存两家门店维持运营 新黄河记者在哈根达斯小程序检索发现，目前，济南地区仅有两家哈根达斯门店，为济南玉函银座店及 山东现存9家哈根达斯门店 济南高新万达店。此前位于万象城、恒隆广场以及百联奥莱的哈根达斯处于暂停营业的状况。 分布5市 新黄河记者在哈根达斯 ...

编者按：美国总统特朗普的"对等关税"，再次延期了。 7月8日，继下令延长"对等关税"90天暂缓期（至7月9日）至8月1日后，特朗普表示，这一日 期"不会再变"，此外还将对所有进口到美国的铜征收50%的新关税。而就在此前一天，他对 日韩两位亚洲盟友宣布，8月1日起分别对来自这两国的进口产品征收25%的关税。 在最近的倒计时阶段，各国正紧锣密鼓展开最后斡旋。尽管美国与越南于7月2日敲定了协 议，但与多数关键贸易伙伴的谈判仍陷入胶着，且难有突破迹象。 针对特朗普2.0对中美关系、跨大西洋关系以及全球秩序带来的冲击，观察者网于2025年7月 3日在世界和平论坛期间，与北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校杰出教授、前德国驻华大使馆高级 政策顾问、前华盛顿特区威尔逊中心全球研究员克劳斯·拉雷斯（Klaus Larres）进行了对 话。 观察者网：拉雷斯教授您好，冷战期间，基辛格和尼克松毫无疑问塑造了中美关系，他们的访华是两国 关系中具有历史意义的里程碑。然而，在拜登政府时期，美国将中国定义为唯一能够挑战美国全球地位 的国家。从您的角度来看，过去半个世纪中美关系发生了哪些根本性变化？能否列举一些重要的转折 点？ 克劳斯·拉雷斯：感谢你 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that Chinese aluminum companies maintain a leading position globally in terms of production scale and business purity, with significant cost and profitability advantages, despite a slight narrowing of these advantages [1][2] - In 2024, Chinese listed aluminum companies are expected to account for 47.6% of the global output of listed aluminum companies, with three out of the top five electrolytic aluminum producers being Chinese [2] - The average EBITDA profit margins for Chinese aluminum companies in electrolytic aluminum and alumina are projected to be 25.3% and 37.4%, respectively, which are higher than the overseas averages by 3.3 and 16.9 percentage points [2] - Financial indicators for Chinese aluminum companies show a median ROE of 16.3% and FCF return rate of 9.9%, both exceeding the overseas averages of 9.8% and 5.4% [2] Group 2 - Challenges faced by Chinese aluminum companies include a narrowing profitability advantage and the need for improvement in resource security and dividend returns [3] - Indian and Middle Eastern aluminum companies are gradually showing profitability advantages, with EBITDA profit margins of 33.9% and 25.5%, respectively, surpassing overseas averages [4] - Traditional European and American aluminum companies hold a leading position in resource availability but lack competitive cost structures, resulting in lower profitability [5]

Group 1: Company Fundamentals - The company's fundamentals are crucial, with financial statements reflecting operational performance, such as revenue indicating business results and net profit showcasing profitability [1] - Analyzing the balance sheet helps assess the asset and liability structure, evaluating the company's debt repayment ability [1] - The quality of the management team is vital, as effective leaders with market insight and decision-making skills can drive long-term strategic planning and resource allocation [1] - A sound governance structure ensures robust internal controls and risk management, protecting shareholder interests and maintaining operational stability [1] Group 2: Industry Development Trends - Industry development trends significantly impact stock investment, with emerging sectors like renewable energy and artificial intelligence attracting substantial capital [2] - Mature or declining industries face challenges such as market saturation and intense competition, limiting growth potential [2] - Understanding the competitive landscape, including market share and competitive advantages, is essential for assessing a company's position and growth prospects within its industry [2] Group 3: Macroeconomic Environment - The macroeconomic environment is a critical external factor affecting stock investment, with economic cycles directly influencing industry and company performance [3] - During economic expansion, strong consumer demand typically leads to increased corporate profits and rising stock markets, while economic downturns result in lower consumer spending and poor stock performance [3] - Monetary and fiscal policies play significant roles, with loose monetary policy enhancing market liquidity and fiscal measures stimulating economic growth, thereby impacting stock prices [3] - Factors like exchange rates and inflation also indirectly affect stock investments, influencing profits for export-oriented companies and altering asset allocation preferences [3] Group 4: Risk Control - Risk control is a continuous focus in stock investment, as market risks are inherent and can lead to significant price volatility [4] - Companies face various risks, including operational risks that can affect profitability and market reputation [4] - Diversification is a strategy to mitigate risk, encouraging investors to build a varied portfolio across different industries and company sizes to balance potential losses [4]

Market Performance - The U.S. stock market indices closed higher, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average up by 0.49%, the Nasdaq up by 0.94%, and the S&P 500 up by 0.61% [1] - Major technology stocks saw collective gains, with Nvidia rising by 1.8% and its market capitalization briefly surpassing $4 trillion; other tech giants like Meta, Amazon, Google, Microsoft, and Netflix also increased by over 1% [1] - However, popular Chinese concept stocks mostly declined, with the Nasdaq China Golden Dragon Index falling by 1.11%, and Alibaba, Bilibili, and JD.com dropping over 3% [1] Employment Policies - The State Council issued a notice to enhance employment support policies, focusing on stabilizing jobs, enterprises, markets, and expectations to promote high-quality economic development [2] - The notice includes measures such as expanding the scope of special loans for job stabilization and increasing the unemployment insurance refund ratio for small and medium-sized enterprises from a maximum of 60% to 90% [2] - It also encourages enterprises to expand hiring by providing social insurance subsidies for small and medium-sized enterprises that employ key groups [2] Corporate Earnings Forecasts - TCL Technology expects a revenue of 82.6 billion to 90.6 billion yuan for the first half of 2025, with a net profit forecast of 1.8 billion to 2 billion yuan, representing a year-on-year increase of 81% to 101% [7] - Jin'an Guoji anticipates a significant increase in net profit excluding non-recurring items, projecting a growth of 4700% to 6300% for the first half of 2025 [8] - Muyuan Foods forecasts a net profit of 10.5 billion to 11 billion yuan for the first half of 2025, marking a growth of 924.60% to 973.39% compared to the previous year [9] - Northern Rare Earth expects a net profit increase of 1882.54% to 2014.71% for the first half of 2025, projecting a profit of 900 million to 960 million yuan [10] Corporate Actions - Alibaba has completed the issuance of zero-coupon convertible bonds totaling 12.023 billion Hong Kong dollars, maturing in 2032 [12] - Shank Intelligent announced a suspension of trading due to the planned change of control involving a share transfer [13] - BGI terminated its major asset restructuring plans due to a lack of consensus on core terms among parties involved [14]

Core Viewpoint - The State Post Bureau emphasizes the need to strengthen industry regulation and improve market rules in the postal and express delivery sector, explicitly opposing "involution-style" competition and addressing issues related to the quality of end services [1] Group 1 - The meeting held by the State Post Bureau on July 8 highlighted the importance of enhancing industry supervision [1] - The bureau aims to contribute to the establishment of a unified national market through improved service quality and regulatory compliance [1] - The focus is on legally and systematically addressing the quality issues in end services within the postal and express delivery industry [1]

转自：新华财经 •国办发文进一步加大稳就业政策支持力度 扩大稳岗扩岗专项贷款支持范围 提高相关企业失业保险稳岗返还比例 •国家发展改革委主任郑栅洁7月9日在国新办举行的"高质量完成'十四五'规划"首场新闻发布会上表示，我国5年经济增量预计将超过35万亿元，相当于广 东、江苏、山东也就是排名前3经济大省2024年的总量，超过长三角地区的总量，也超过世界排名第3国家的总量，每年对世界经济增长的贡献率保持在30% 左右。（新华财经） •工业和信息化部9日在"全国违约拖欠中小企业款项投诉平台 【下载黑猫投诉客户端】"开通"重点车企践行账期承诺线上问题（建议）反映窗口"，受理中小 企业关于重点车企践行货款支付周期承诺和落实《保障中小企业款项支付条例》不力等问题的反映，协调相关方面推动解决。窗口主要受理重点车企未践行 60天支付期限承诺，在采购合同中约定的付款期限超过60天等问题。（新华财经） •据国家统计局，6月份，扩内需、促消费政策持续显效，居民消费价格指数（CPI）同比由上月下降转为上涨0.1%；环比下降0.1%，降幅比上月收窄0.1个百 分点；扣除食品和能源价格的核心CPI同比继续回升，上涨0.7%。工业生产者出 ...