Overview of Freediving - Freediving is an extreme sport involving diving to significant depths on a single breath, pushing the limits of human capabilities [1][2] - The sport is gaining popularity, attracting individuals seeking self-exploration and pushing personal boundaries [2][23] Historical Context and Evolution - Freediving has ancient roots, with historical references dating back to Homer and Plato [2] - Modern freedivers aim to explore the marine environment without the use of equipment like tanks, minimizing disturbance [3] - The sport has seen rapid advancements, with world records increasing significantly in recent years, from 80 meters to 101 meters within 5 years [5] Physiological Aspects - Freediving triggers physiological reflexes similar to those observed in dolphins, including slowed pulse, blood shift to vital organs, and spleen contraction [6] - Divers utilize techniques like "packing" to expand lung capacity beyond normal breathing limits [14] - Deep dives induce narcosis due to increased nitrogen absorption, affecting cognitive function [17] Competitive Aspects and Records - William Trubridge, a world champion, attempted to dive to 410 feet (approximately 125 meters) on a single breath [3][12] - A dive to 525 feet (approximately 160 meters) was achieved using a weighted device, showcasing the extreme depths attainable in no-limits diving [21] - Strict protocols are in place for record validation, requiring divers to perform specific tasks upon surfacing to demonstrate cognitive control [18][19] Risks and Safety - Freediving carries inherent risks, including the potential for blackouts due to oxygen deprivation and disorientation from narcosis [1][17] - Safety divers play a crucial role in monitoring and assisting divers during the ascent to prevent serious incidents [13][17] - Dean's Blue Hole in Long Island, Bahamas, is a renowned but dangerous freediving location, with depths reaching 663 feet (approximately 202 meters) [11]