Group 1 - The core issue in modern packaging design is the prioritization of machine efficiency over human usability, leading to challenges for end users [1][2][5] - Automation has significantly influenced packaging operations, requiring precision and uniformity, which often results in designs that are rigid and not user-friendly [3][4] - Packaging designed for machines can lead to hidden costs and risks, as it may not consider the needs of warehouse staff, retailers, and consumers [2][6] Group 2 - The machine-first approach to packaging limits flexibility, making it difficult to adapt to changes in production volumes or market demands [6] - Human-centered design is often sacrificed for mechanical efficiency, resulting in packaging that may be difficult to handle and open [7][8] - Poor ergonomic packaging can lead to increased workplace injuries, higher absenteeism, and negative customer experiences, ultimately affecting profitability [8]