Surgical Procedure Evolution - Open surgery involved large incisions and longer recovery times [2][3][8] - Laparoscopic surgery uses smaller incisions, CO2 inflation, and 2D screen projection [9][10] - Robotic surgery enhances instrument movement precision within the abdomen [16] Technological Advancements in Robotics - Robotic technology originated from military research (DARPA) in the 1980s [23] - The Da Vinci 5 robot (DV5), launched in August 2024, is the most precise robot [22] - Robotic consoles have evolved significantly from the first prototype in 1996 to the latest versions [17][18][23] Surgical Techniques and Training - Traditional surgical training in the 19th century involved large incisions and auditorium settings [7][8] - Laparoscopic surgery skills can be correlated with video game proficiency due to 2D image translation [12][13] - Robotic surgery allows surgeons to control four instruments simultaneously using hand clutches [19] Operating Room Dynamics - Laparoscopic surgery typically requires a surgeon, surgical tech, and potentially up to four people [13][14] - Robotic surgery can reduce the number of bedside personnel needed [20] - Modern operating rooms (ORs) are equipped with screens on every wall and robotic systems [21][22]