Industry Overview - The global lithium market is entering a new growth cycle after a challenging 2025, with prices having fallen approximately 90% from their 2022 peak due to slowed electric vehicle (EV) demand and increased supply [1] - The market is projected to expand from $13.9 billion in 2024 to $55.5 billion by 2032, indicating a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of nearly 19% [4] Demand Drivers - Electric vehicles will continue to drive lithium demand, complemented by strong growth in solar power installations that enhance the use of battery energy storage systems (BESS) [2] - Artificial intelligence is creating new lithium needs, as massive AI data centers are increasingly incorporating lithium-ion batteries to manage peak energy use [3] Key Players Rio Tinto - Rio Tinto aims to become a major lithium producer, having completed a $6.7 billion acquisition of Arcadium Lithium, which provides access to significant lithium resources [7] - The company plans to increase capacity at its Tier 1 lithium operations to over 200,000 tons of lithium carbonate equivalent per year by 2028 [7] - Rio Tinto is also expanding its lithium operations in South America, with a $2.5 billion investment in the Rincon project in Argentina, expected to produce up to 60,000 tons of battery-grade lithium carbonate annually by 2028 [8] Lithium Americas - Lithium Americas is focusing on the U.S. market with its Thacker Pass project, which is expected to produce up to 40,000 tons of lithium carbonate per year, potentially making the U.S. the second-largest lithium producer [12] - The project has received strong government support, including a 5% stake acquisition by the U.S. Department of Energy and a $435 million loan from a larger $2.23 billion package [13] Albemarle - Albemarle is enhancing its global lithium conversion capacity through strategic projects, with production milestones supporting growth [15] - The company expects to achieve around $450 million in cost and productivity gains in 2025, exceeding initial targets [16] - Albemarle's scale and focus on cost management position it well to capture rising lithium demand globally [17] Sociedad Quimica y Minera (SQM) - SQM is expanding its lithium production capacity, targeting 240,000 metric tons of lithium carbonate by 2026 in Chile and ramping up lithium hydroxide capacity to 100,000 metric tons by the end of 2025 [19] - The company operates a lithium hydroxide refinery in China and is advancing the Mt. Holland project in Australia, further strengthening its global supply chain [20] - SQM anticipates long-term lithium demand to outpace supply, positioning itself to grow market share in the EV battery sector [21]