The ECB Forum on Central Banking – the Sintra Forum – is an annual event organised by the European Central Bank and is held in Sintra, Portugal. It brings together central bank governors, academics, financial market representatives, journalists and others to exchange views on current policy issues and discuss the Forum’s key topic from a longer-term perspective. The theme of the 2025 ECB Forum on Central Banking is “Adapting to change: macroeconomic shifts and policy responses”. ...