Core Insights - Many middle-class Americans face financial challenges in retirement, often finding their savings insufficient to maintain their desired lifestyle [1][2] Investment Strategies - Maximize contributions to employer-sponsored retirement plans such as 401(k) or 403(b), especially taking advantage of any matching contributions offered by employers [4] - Consider Roth IRA conversions, which allow for tax-free withdrawals during retirement after paying taxes on the transferred amount, keeping in mind the five-year rule for withdrawals [5] - Maintain a balanced portfolio of stocks and bonds as retirement approaches, with a common recommendation of 60% stocks and 40% bonds, adjustable based on individual risk tolerance [6] - Utilize Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) if eligible, as they offer tax benefits for medical expenses, which are significant for retirees [7]