Bitcoin Security Vulnerabilities - The report identifies Bitcoin's core vulnerability not in the protocol itself, but in the concentration of control among a small group of publicly identified core maintainers [1] - The maintainers' known sponsors and location within three-letter agency jurisdictions raise concerns [1] - The report draws a parallel to Project Veritas, highlighting the speed at which an organization can be compromised [2] Codebase Complexity and Review Process - Bitcoin's codebase, consisting of 300,000-400,000 lines of C++, requires expertise in 8+ disciplines for proper review [2] - Individual maintainers review code based on their strengths, trusting others in different areas, which may lead to oversight [2] - The codebase's complexity exceeds human cognitive capacity, making it impossible for any single reviewer to trace all execution paths and spot edge cases [3] - A single consensus change can affect 15+ subsystems across 50,000 lines of interdependent code [3] Proposed Solutions - Radical codebase simplification is necessary to improve security [4] - Multiple competing implementations of Bitcoin should be encouraged [4] - Broader geographic and jurisdictional diversity among contributors is needed [4] - Anonymous contributors should be allowed where possible [4] Shifting Security Assumptions - Bitcoin's security model assumes adversarial nodes, but the report suggests the need to update this assumption to account for potentially adversarial maintainers [5] - Sovereign node operation is recommended [5]