Core Points - Korea Zinc signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with Lockheed Martin for the supply and procurement of germanium, aiming to establish a "China-free" critical minerals supply chain [1][4] - The MOU is significant as it represents the first successful collaboration between Korea and the U.S. in the field of critical rare metals [1][7] - The partnership is expected to enhance the stability of the supply chain for germanium, a crucial material for the defense and space industries [6][9] Company Overview - Korea Zinc is the world's largest zinc smelter and has been a key player in the production of strategic minerals, including antimony, indium, and bismuth [10] - The company plans to invest approximately KRW 140 billion in its Onsan Smelter to establish a new germanium plant, aiming to produce high-purity germanium dioxide by 2028 [9][11] - Lockheed Martin is the world's largest defense contractor, with a record order backlog of USD 176 billion as of the end of 2024 [5] Industry Context - Germanium is essential for various applications in the defense industry, including night-vision goggles and thermal imaging cameras, as well as in advanced technology fields [6] - As of 2021, China produced 68% of the global refined germanium output, highlighting the need for alternative supply chains amid resource weaponization trends [7][8] - The establishment of stable supply chains for critical minerals has become an urgent international priority due to growing concerns over resource concentration [8]