Energy Cooperation - The China-Russia east-route natural gas pipeline, spanning 3,000 kilometers in Russia and 5,111 kilometers in China, began operations in December 2024, benefiting approximately 450 million people along its route [1] - In 2024, bilateral trade between China and Russia reached $244.8 billion, marking China as Russia's largest trading partner for 15 consecutive years [2] Political Relations - China and Russia have deepened political mutual trust and strategic coordination amidst global changes, contributing stability to a turbulent world [3] - President Xi Jinping's visit to Russia aimed to strengthen the long-standing friendship and strategic partnership between the two nations [7] Global Governance - Both countries advocate for an independent approach to managing internal and external affairs, positioning their relationship as a stabilizing force amid global transformation [8] - Experts suggest that China and Russia should enhance cooperation under multilateral platforms to guide global governance and counter unilateralism [9] Bilateral Cooperation - Over 20 bilateral cooperation documents were signed, covering areas such as global strategic stability, investment protection, and digital economy [12] - The partnership is expanding into emerging sectors like biomedicine and green development, alongside traditional areas such as energy and infrastructure [13] Cultural and Educational Exchanges - Cultural exchanges have been emphasized, with 2024 and 2025 designated as the China-Russia Years of Culture, featuring numerous collaborative activities [14] - Educational cooperation has seen over 200 Russian universities offering Chinese language courses, with around 90,000 students studying the language, while over 40,000 Chinese students are studying in Russia [15]