Investor Overview April 2025 Safe Harbor and Non-GAAP Financial Measures Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements: 1 Certain statements and information included in this presentation are "forward-looking statements" under the Federal Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including: our forecast; our outlook; our expectations regarding market trends and economic environment, such as rental demand, economic growth, challenging freight environment, weakening used vehicle sales and rental; our expec ...

Covenant Logistics Conference Call Summary Company Overview - **Company Name**: Covenant Logistics - **Ticker**: CVLG - **Market Cap**: $600 million - **Location**: Chattanooga, Tennessee - **Industry**: Logistics service provider - **Transformation**: Underwent significant operational transformation over the past several years [1][2] Core Points and Arguments Operational Transformation - Covenant Logistics has diversified its operations, moving from a predominantly long-haul transportation model to a more integrated supply chain approach [3][4] - The company made a pivotal acquisition in 2018 of Landair, which expanded its capabilities into dedicated and warehousing services [5] - The strategic plan initiated in 2019 aimed to challenge existing operational norms and improve efficiency [6][7] Financial Performance - The company reduced its leverage from 3.7 times EBITDA to 0.2 times during the pandemic, showcasing effective management and strategic execution [7][9] - Covenant has been actively repurchasing shares, buying back approximately 25% of the public float over a twelve-month period [9][10] - The company generates $70 to $80 million in free cash flow annually after maintenance CapEx and dividends [11] Business Model Shift - Transitioned from a 100% asset-based model to approximately 65% asset-based and 35% asset-light, with a goal of reaching a 50/50 split in the next three to five years [11][12] - The company has improved operational efficiency, achieving higher returns with fewer trucks; currently making four times the revenue with 2,500 trucks compared to 4,000 previously [12][13] Market Position and Strategy - Covenant operates in four main segments: expedited, dedicated, managed freight, and warehousing, with a focus on high service standards and specialized operations [15][20] - The expedited segment includes high-margin services for time-sensitive deliveries, including a recent acquisition related to ammunition and explosives for the Department of Defense [16][20] - The dedicated segment primarily serves the poultry industry, which constitutes about 50% of its operations, emphasizing the need for specialized service [17][20] Industry Context - The logistics industry is currently experiencing a freight recession, with excess supply created during the pandemic leading to rate reductions [24] - Covenant's strategic focus on non-commoditized services has allowed it to perform better than peers during this downturn [24][25] - The company anticipates an upswing in the freight economy and is positioned to capitalize on operational leverage as conditions improve [34] Additional Important Insights - Covenant's management team has undergone significant changes, focusing on unlocking balance sheet value and improving operational efficiency [7][10] - The company has a strong emphasis on maintaining a culture of integrity and operational excellence, which is seen as a competitive advantage [15] - Covenant's equity method investment in Transport Enterprise Leasing contributes significantly to its earnings, representing 15% to 20% of earnings per share [22][23] - The company is actively seeking acquisitions that align with its strategic goals, focusing on businesses with strong margins and growth potential [29][46] Conclusion Covenant Logistics is positioned as a compelling investment opportunity due to its strategic transformation, diversified operations, and strong financial performance. The company is focused on maintaining operational excellence and capitalizing on market opportunities as the logistics industry navigates current challenges.

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company's reported revenue for Q1 was $915 million, an 8% decrease compared to the previous year, consistent with Q4 revenue [13] - Operating income margin increased by 40 basis points year over year to 4.1% [17] - EBITDA for the first quarter was $85 million, with earnings per share (EPS) of $0.44, unchanged from Q1 2024 [18] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - ITS revenue was $530 million, down 4% from $552 million in the prior year, despite an 8% increase in intermodal volumes [14] - Logistics segment revenue decreased to $411 million from $480 million due to lower brokerage volume and revenue per load [14] - Brokerage volume declined by 9% year over year, with a 10% decrease in revenue per load primarily driven by lower fuel prices [11] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - Intermodal volumes increased by 8% year over year, with local East volumes up 13% and local West up 5% [8] - The company anticipates a near-term impact on import volumes to the West Coast, but the magnitude remains uncertain [6] - Approximately 25% of the company's West Coast volume is port-related, with 30% of that coming from China [28] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company is focused on profitable growth across all segments, leveraging service quality and cost reductions [6] - A $40 million cost reduction program has been implemented to enhance operational efficiency [7] - The company is exploring strategic acquisition opportunities while maintaining a strong balance sheet [7] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expects a drop in import demand in the second half of Q2, with varying impacts based on customer strategies [40] - The guidance for full-year EPS is projected to be between $1.75 and $2.25, with revenue expected between $3.6 billion and $4 billion [20] - The company is monitoring customer shipping patterns closely and anticipates a return to normal seasonal operating income patterns in the latter half of the year [22] Other Important Information - The company returned $21 million to shareholders through dividends and stock repurchases in the quarter [19] - Net debt was reported at $140 million, which is 0.4x EBITDA, below the target range of 0.75x to 1.25x [19] - The company has seen a 1,100 basis point improvement in warehouse utilization year over year due to operational efficiency enhancements [11] Q&A Session Summary Question: What percentage of intermodal is tied to West Coast ports? - Approximately 25% of the West Coast volume is port-related, with 30% of that from China [28] Question: Can you provide monthly trends for intermodal volumes? - January was up 18%, February up 1%, March up 7%, and April up 6% [28] Question: How have conversations with large customers evolved? - There is anticipation of a drop in import demand, but many customers have diversified their supply chains [40] Question: What is the outlook for intermodal pricing? - Pricing is expected to be flat for the full year, with competitive bidding observed [33] Question: What is the current headcount situation? - Headcount was down 7%, with ongoing cost control measures in place [53] Question: What are the expectations for capital expenditures? - Capital expenditures are projected to be between $40 million and $50 million, focusing on tractor replacements and technology projects [20]