CPO Switch and OCS will co-exist, but main use case would be scale up. CPO switch is mainly pushed by NVDA, and shipment this year is expected to be 16K to 20K. For 2027, demand could skyrocket to 100K owing to adopting CPO in scale-up scenario (Rubin Ultra) by connecting racks. NVDA, Broadcom and Marvell are all working closely with TSMC on CPO, as TSMC will package the optical engines into the switch chip (or GPU in case of OIO solution). NVDA introduced a pluggable FAU made by Senko in its CPO switch, wh ...