Artificial intelligence is creating the first true energy bottleneck in the history of the digital economy. Hyperscale data centers are so compute and power hungry that the US grid is already straining to keep up. To put it in perspective: the largest campuses now approach 1 gigawatt (GW) of demand, with some hyperscalers already talking about 5 GW campuses. Current forecasts suggest US data centers could consume up to a quarter of the nation’s electricity capacity by 2030, rising substantially from the 4% ...