Core Insights - Retirement planning without a 401(k) is feasible, but strategies may differ from those who have access to such plans [1] Group 1: Alternative Retirement Accounts - Individuals without a 401(k) can still invest in retirement accounts like traditional or Roth IRAs, with annual contributions up to $7,000 ($8,000 for those over 50) [3] - Freelancers or small business owners can utilize SEP IRAs or Solo 401(k) plans for higher contribution limits compared to standard IRAs [3][4] Group 2: Income-Generating Assets - Building income-producing assets is recommended for those not relying on retirement accounts, including real estate, dividend-paying stocks, index funds, and online businesses [4][5] - Real estate is highlighted as a particularly lucrative option for generating cash flow and capital gains, providing control and liquidity [5] Group 3: Healthcare Planning - Planning for healthcare is essential as retirement typically lacks employer-provided health benefits; options include ACA health plans and Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) [6] - HSAs offer tax advantages, allowing pre-tax contributions to grow tax-free and enabling tax-free withdrawals for medical expenses [7] Group 4: Financial Independence Approach - The FIRE (Financial Independence, Retire Early) movement is suggested, advocating for saving 50% to 70% of income and investing in low-cost index funds [7]