机器人操作系统那些事儿

Summary of the Robot Operating System Conference Call Industry Overview - The robot operating system industry is characterized by varying requirements across different application scenarios, including perception, interaction, computation, and control execution [2][3][4] - Key players in the industrial robot sector include KUKA, ABB, FANUC, and Yaskawa, which primarily utilize embedded real-time operating systems like VxWorks for motion control [2][3] Core Insights and Arguments Industrial Robots - Industrial robots emphasize high reliability and precise motion control, often using embedded real-time operating systems such as VxWorks, combined with algorithms for forward and inverse kinematics and spatial interpolation [2][4] - The architecture typically involves a higher-level computer (Windows) for complex task planning, ensuring efficiency and flexibility [4][7] Service Robots - Service robots focus on human-machine interaction, with a critical requirement for voice interaction capabilities, while having lower precision motion control needs [5][8] - The architecture generally employs Android for interaction, with a Linux kernel underneath, facilitating mobility and wireless connectivity [8] Humanoid Robots - Humanoid robots face challenges in motion control, intelligence, and environmental perception, necessitating the integration of advanced AI technologies for natural human-robot interaction [6][9] - Development strategies include a "brain-cerebellum" structure, where the brain handles AI computations and environmental perception, while the cerebellum manages physical movement [9][11] Emerging Technologies and Trends - ROS 2 has improved real-time performance and adopted a distributed architecture, making it a preferred choice for emerging manufacturers [2][13] - Domestic operating systems like Dongtu Technology's Hongdao and Ailis's Elis are independently developed and not based on the Linux kernel, ensuring national security through compatibility with Linux ecosystems [2][20] Key Players and Market Dynamics - The domestic humanoid robot operating system market is highly competitive, with numerous players, including Turing Robot, Estun, and Baoxin Software, all claiming to have their own operating systems [16] - Companies like Huawei and Dongtu Technology are focusing on developing operating systems that can effectively isolate real-time and non-real-time environments, which is crucial for future humanoid robots [18][19] Challenges and Future Directions - The integration of the "brain" and "cerebellum" in humanoid robots is a significant challenge, impacting battery capacity and operational time [11][12] - The future of robot operating systems may involve either continued iteration on open-source platforms or the development of proprietary systems by third-party companies [15] Conclusion - The robot operating system industry is evolving rapidly, with significant advancements in technology and increasing competition among domestic players. The focus on specialized operating systems and the integration of AI capabilities will shape the future landscape of robotics.