大摩闭门会：关税与贸易协议，尘埃落定了吗？如何应对香港稳定币政策的转变

Summary of Key Points from Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The conference call discusses the impact of tariffs and trade agreements on various Asian economies, particularly focusing on South Korea and India, as well as the implications for the cross-border payment industry and stablecoin developments in Hong Kong. Key Points on Tariffs and Trade Agreements - Asian exporters have shifted some tariff costs to U.S. consumers, with China's tariffs reaching 30% and overall tariffs in the region expected to average 24% this year, up from 5% at the beginning of the year [1][3] - The U.S. will bear approximately $450 billion in tariff changes, while Asia will face a burden of about $260 billion due to these tariffs [3] - South Korea's trade agreement with the U.S. has reduced automotive tariffs from 25% to 15%, and South Korea has committed to invest $100 billion in various sectors, including semiconductors [5][6] - The trade agreement has alleviated some economic uncertainties for South Korea, leading to a growth forecast that is 1.1% above consensus for 2025, driven by fiscal stimulus and moderate domestic consumption [6][7] Impact on Specific Industries - The U.S. has imposed a 25% tariff on Indian exports, which has a limited direct impact on India's GDP (approximately 2%), but the indirect effects due to global economic slowdown are concerning [8][10] - Key sectors in India that are sensitive to U.S. tariffs include electronics, textiles, and pharmaceuticals, with textiles having a 40% share of the U.S. export market [9][10] - The Gift Nifty index is expected to be impacted by around 70 basis points due to the tariff changes, with agricultural tariffs being a significant negotiation point [11] Developments in Stablecoins and Cross-Border Payments - Hong Kong is positioning itself as a testing ground for stablecoins, with the Financial Authority planning to ban cryptocurrency trading while exploring stable digital currencies [13][14] - The acceptance of stablecoins in e-commerce will take time due to the maturity of existing cross-border payment tools like Visa and PayPal, and regulatory uncertainties may increase risks [15] - Stablecoin issuers and fintech companies are expected to be the primary beneficiaries of this emerging market, although traditional banking may also be affected [17] Regulatory and Market Considerations - The Hong Kong Monetary Authority will begin accepting applications for stablecoin issuance, with a limited number of licenses expected to be granted initially [14] - The development of stablecoins linked to the Hong Kong dollar may be easier due to its peg to the U.S. dollar, while the growth of RMB-linked stablecoins may be slower due to the smaller offshore RMB pool [16] - The transition to new payment systems will require significant capital investment and time to gain market acceptance, as evidenced by challenges faced in domestic payment systems in China [19] Conclusion - The overall economic outlook for South Korea appears cautiously optimistic due to the trade agreement with the U.S., while India faces challenges from tariff increases. The stablecoin market in Hong Kong is poised for growth, but acceptance in e-commerce will require time and investment.