2025-12-31 16:02Summary of Google TPU and Liquid Cooling Demand Insights Industry and Company Involved - The discussion revolves around Google and its upcoming changes in the TPU (Tensor Processing Unit) architecture and the associated demand for optical modules and liquid cooling technology [1][2]. Core Insights and Arguments - Google is expected to significantly increase the shipment of V7+8 TPUs by 2026, primarily featuring 1.6T optical modules and liquid cooling technology, indicating substantial changes in the related supply chain [1][3]. - The introduction of 3D Taurus or Cloth architecture at the cabinet level is anticipated, which will increase the demand for scale-up optical modules and Active Optical Cables (AOC) [1][4]. - The 3D Taurus architecture aims to reduce latency through direct interconnection, with each Cube containing 64 TPUs, while the Cloth architecture employs a traditional fat-tree multi-layer network to alleviate OCS (Optical Circuit Switching) port pressure [5][6]. - The structural changes are projected to significantly boost the demand for 1.6T optical modules, benefiting suppliers like Zhongji Xuchuang and Yuanjie Technology; increased chip counts will raise power consumption, leading to a higher demand for liquid cooling, favoring suppliers like Invec [7]. Additional Important Content - Liquid cooling technology is critical to the entire data center solution, requiring stringent supplier selection. Once a supplier enters Google's supply chain, their market share tends to grow steadily, provided their product quality remains high [8]. - Companies expected to benefit from these changes include Zhongji Xuchuang, NewEase, Yuanjie Technology, and others in the optical module sector, as well as Invec in the liquid cooling sector. Additionally, companies linked to the AIGC (Artificial Intelligence Generated Content) supply chain, such as Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable, Tengjing Technology, and Oulu Tong, are also likely to gain from these developments [9].