TABLE OF CONTENTS UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K (Mark One) ☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 OR ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Commission file number: 814-01175 BAIN CAPITAL SPECIALTY FINANCE, INC. (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter) Delaware (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorpora ...

Bain Capital Specialty Finance, Inc. (NYSE:BCSF) Q3 2020 Earnings Conference Call November 6, 2020 8:30 AM ET Company Participants Katherine Schneider – Investor Relations Michael Ewald – President and Chief Executive Officer Mike Boyle – Vice President and Treasurer Sally Dornaus – Chief Financial Officer Conference Call Participants Finian O’Shea – Wells Fargo Securities Ryan Lynch – KBW Derek Hewett – Bank of America Operator Good morning, and welcome to the Bain Capital Specialty Finance Third Quarter 2 ...

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Net investment income for Q2 2020 was $0.37 per share, compared to $0.44 per share in Q1 2020, reflecting a decrease in overall performance [13][32] - Total investment income decreased to $47.9 million from $51.5 million in the previous quarter, primarily due to a decline in interest income driven by lower LIBOR rates [30][32] - Net asset value (NAV) per share remained flat at $15.81, with a slight dilution impact from the rights offering [14][34] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - New investment fundings totaled $49 million across 16 portfolio companies, while sales and repayments amounted to $67 million, indicating a decrease in activity compared to previous quarters [19][20] - The fair value of the investment portfolio was $2.5 billion, unchanged from the prior quarter, with 88% of the portfolio invested in first lien debt [21][30] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The portfolio is geographically diverse, with 83% of investments in the U.S. and 17% outside, showing resilience in performance across different regions [25][26] - The weighted average portfolio yield at amortized cost decreased to 6.6% from 7.3% due to significant declines in LIBOR rates [24] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company emphasizes capital preservation and a disciplined investment approach, focusing on first lien senior secured floating rate assets [9][12] - The management plans to capitalize on attractive investment opportunities arising from market volatility and dislocation [12][38] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - The management expressed cautious optimism regarding portfolio performance, attributing better-than-expected results to proactive cost-cutting measures by portfolio companies [8][15] - The company remains vigilant about potential challenges in the middle market and sectors heavily impacted by COVID-19 [9][17] Other Important Information - The company completed a transferable rights offering, raising approximately $132 million to strengthen its balance sheet and reduce net leverage ratio to 1.4x [10][34] - The company issued $150 million in unsecured debt at an 8.5% interest rate to enhance financial flexibility, despite the higher cost of capital [11][36] Q&A Session Summary Question: Impact of LIBOR on earnings - The weighted average LIBOR floor across the portfolio is about 74 basis points, with most U.S. borrowers having a 1% LIBOR floor [41] Question: Commentary on valuation and portfolio performance - The company maintained consistent credit quality, with no new nonaccruals and stable risk ratings across the portfolio [46] Question: Low level of sales and repayments - The muted M&A activity contributed to lower sales and repayments, with repayments primarily driven by revolver draws returning to the system [50] Question: Amendments in portfolio companies - Amendments were made for 11 companies, representing about 8% of the portfolio, with more than half accompanied by equity contributions from sponsors [53][54] Question: High-cost unsecured notes issuance - The issuance of unsecured notes was aimed at providing greater flexibility in the capital structure, despite the higher cost of debt [56]

Bain Capital Specialty Finance, Inc. (NYSE:BCSF) Q4 2019 Earnings Conference Call February 27, 2020 8:30 AM ET Company Participants Kyle Nagarkar - Investor Relations Michael Ewald - President and Chief Executive Officer Sally Dornaus - Chief Financial Officer Mike Boyle - Vice President and Treasurer Conference Call Participants Fin O'Shea - Wells Fargo Securities Ryan Lynch - KBW Derek Hewett - Bank of America Operator Greetings. Welcome to the Bain Capital Specialty Finance Fourth Quarter 2019 Earnings C ...

Key Personnel and Management - The company is dependent on key personnel from Bain Capital Credit and its Advisor, and the loss of these individuals could materially affect its financial condition and performance [179]. - Conflicts of interest may arise due to the involvement of executive officers and directors in multiple entities, potentially impacting investment opportunities [195]. - The company may face conflicts of interest due to the Advisor's potential to benefit from capital gains recognition and timing of sales [202]. - The company may incur additional costs and operational disruptions if its Advisor or Administrator resigns, affecting its financial condition and ability to pay distributions [271]. - The company is highly dependent on the communications and information systems of Bain Capital Credit, and any failure or interruption could materially affect its business and financial condition [275]. Investment Performance and Risks - The company may not replicate historical performance achieved by Bain Capital Credit or its Advisor, and future investment returns could be substantially lower than past results [184]. - The company operates in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities, which could reduce returns and result in losses [213]. - The due diligence process may not reveal all relevant facts about potential investments, leading to uninformed investment decisions and potential losses [186]. - The company may incur significant expenses in identifying investment opportunities that do not materialize, impacting overall financial performance [216]. - The company may face litigation risks related to its investment activities, which could divert management's attention and resources [242]. Market and Economic Conditions - The company faces risks related to global capital market disruptions, which could adversely affect debt and equity capital markets and its business operations [187]. - A prolonged period of market illiquidity may lead to a reduction in the volume of loans and debt securities originated, adversely impacting the value of portfolio investments [191]. - The company may invest in debt securities issued by European issuers, and uncertainties related to Brexit could negatively impact financial markets and economic growth [192]. - Adverse developments in credit markets may impair the company's ability to enter into new debt financing arrangements, affecting growth and refinancing [194]. - Economic downturns could increase nonperforming assets and decrease portfolio value, adversely affecting revenues and net income [310]. Financial Structure and Capital Management - The management fee structure is based on gross assets, resulting in a base management fee of 1.5% post-IPO, up from 0.75% prior to the IPO [205]. - The incentive fee increased to 17.5% based on pre-incentive fee net investment income and capital gains after the IPO, compared to 15.0% before [205]. - The company intends to raise additional capital through debt or equity securities, which may be limited by unfavorable economic conditions [218]. - The company is required to distribute at least 90% of its net ordinary income and net short-term capital gains to maintain RIC eligibility, limiting available funds for new investments [218]. - The company is subject to regulatory limitations on raising equity capital and incurring indebtedness, which could negatively affect its financial condition and operations [190]. Debt and Interest Rate Risks - The company has total assets of $2,645.6 million and outstanding indebtedness of $1,579.2 million as of December 31, 2019, resulting in net assets of $1,018.4 million [230]. - An increase in interest rates could adversely affect the company's portfolio companies' ability to service their debt obligations, potentially leading to increased defaults [233]. - The average interest rate on the company's indebtedness was 4.68% as of December 31, 2019 [230]. - The company may need to refinance its indebtedness and cannot assure that it will be able to do so on commercially reasonable terms [225]. - The company may pledge up to 100% of its assets under debt agreements, which could have a material adverse effect on its financial condition if a default occurs [239]. Regulatory and Compliance Issues - The company is subject to the 1940 Act and must maintain at least 70% of total assets in qualifying assets to avoid regulatory restrictions [303]. - The company has an asset coverage ratio requirement of at least 200% for issuing senior securities, which could be impacted by declines in asset value [306]. - The company is restricted from engaging in certain transactions with affiliates without prior approval, limiting investment opportunities [296]. - New or modified laws and regulations, including those from Dodd-Frank, may adversely affect the company's business and operations [251][252]. - The company may be subject to increased oversight and regulation due to its activities outside the regulated banking system, potentially increasing costs and limiting operations [259]. Investment Strategy and Portfolio Management - The company may pursue growth through acquisitions or strategic investments, but success is not guaranteed [219]. - The company may invest in high yield debt, which carries greater credit and liquidity risk compared to higher-rated debt obligations [343]. - The company may invest in equity securities, which are subject to greater price volatility and may decline in value or become worthless [344]. - The company is classified as a non-diversified investment company, which increases the risk of loss if there is a decline in the market value of any loan in which it has invested a large percentage of its assets [360]. - There is no assurance that the company will make follow-on investments in portfolio companies, which could impair the value of its portfolio [363]. Collateral and Liquidation Risks - The rights of the company regarding collateral securing loans may be limited by intercreditor agreements with holders of senior debt [372]. - In the event of liquidation, obligations secured by first priority liens will be repaid in full before any distributions to the company [371]. - The value of collateral in liquidation depends on market conditions and may not be sufficient to satisfy loan obligations secured by second priority liens [370]. - The company may not have control over actions taken regarding collateral if first priority liens are outstanding [373]. - The company may face risks related to the liquidity and value of assets over which other lenders have a lien [371].

Bain Capital Specialty Finance, Inc. (NYSE:BCSF) Q3 2019 Earnings Conference Call November 7, 2019 8:30 AM ET Company Participants Sloan Bohlen - Investor Relations Michael Ewald - President and Chief Executive Officer Sally Dornaus - Chief Financial Officer Mike Boyle - Vice President and Treasurer Conference Call Participants Fin O'Shea - Wells Fargo Securities Ryan Lynch - KBW Operator Greetings and welcome to the Bain Capital Specialty Finance Third Quarter 2019 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instr ...