NASDAQ CCOI INVESTOR PRESENTATION Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This presentation includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, which relate to future, not past, events and are subject to risks and uncertainties. The forward-looking statements, which address the Company's expected business and financial performance, among other matters, contain words such as: "will", "expect", "believe", "continue ", "optimistic", "shou ...

Table of Contents UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-Q ☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2022 OR ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Commission File No. 000-51829 COGENT COMMUNICATIONS HOLDINGS, INC. (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter) Delaware 46-5706863 (State of Incorporation) (I.R.S. Emp ...

Cogent Communications Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ:CCOI) Q2 2022 Earnings Conference Call August 4, 2022 4:30 PM ET Company Participants Dave Schaeffer - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer Tad Weed - Chief Financial Officer Conference Call Participants Gregory Williams - Cowen Nic Del Deo - MoffettNathanson Timothy Horan - Oppenheimer Walter Piecyk - LightShed Partners David Barden - Bank of America Michael Rollins - Citi Operator Welcome to the Cogent Communications Holdings Second Quarter 2022 Earnings Conferen ...

Table of Contents UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-Q ☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2022 OR ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Commission File No. 000-51829 COGENT COMMUNICATIONS HOLDINGS, INC. (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter) Delaware 46-5706863 (State of Incorporation) (I.R.S. Employer ...

Cogent Communications Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ:CCOI) Q1 2022 Results Conference Call May 5, 2022 8:30 AM ET Company Participants Dave Schaeffer - Chairman & Chief Executive Officer Sean Wallace - Former Chief Financial Officer Tad Weed - Returning Chief Financial Officer Conference Call Participants Phil Cusick - JPMorgan Brett Feldman - Goldman Sachs Walter Piecyk - LightShed James Breen - William Blair Nick Del Deo - MoffettNathanson Brandon Nispel - KeyBanc Capital Markets Tim Horan - Oppenheimer Operator ...

Table of Contents UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-Q ☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2022 OR ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Commission File No. 000-51829 COGENT COMMUNICATIONS HOLDINGS, INC. (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter) Delaware 46-5706863 (State of Incorporation) (I.R.S. Employe ...

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - For full year 2021, the company's revenues increased by 3.8% year-over-year to $589.8 million, while fourth quarter revenues slightly declined to $147.2 million primarily due to foreign exchange impacts and USF tax reductions [8][12] - Non-GAAP gross profit increased by 4.5% to $366 million, with a gross margin improvement of 50 basis points to 62.1% [11] - EBITDA increased by 6.5% year-over-year to $227.9 million, with an EBITDA margin for the full year increasing by 90 basis points to 38.6% [11] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Corporate business revenues declined by 7.4% year-over-year and 2.5% sequentially, representing 59% of total revenues [26] - NetCentric business, which accounts for 41% of revenues, grew by 25.3% year-over-year and 2.6% sequentially, benefiting from increased demand for streaming services [31][27] - The number of corporate customer connections decreased by 3.7% year-over-year, while NetCentric customer connections increased by 13.9% [32][36] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company experienced a 7% sequential growth in network traffic, with a year-over-year increase of 17% [7] - The average price per megabit for installed customers decreased by 19.5% year-over-year, reflecting competitive pricing pressures [40] - The corporate business is highly correlated with vacancy rates in commercial real estate, with an 84% correlation noted [94] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims for long-term EBITDA margin expansion of 200 basis points per year and a constant currency revenue growth rate of approximately 10% [25] - The focus is on enhancing the corporate business as employees return to offices, with expectations of regaining historical growth rates [71][80] - The company plans to continue increasing its dividend, reflecting confidence in future cash flow and growth [15][82] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management noted that the corporate business remains below historical averages due to the pandemic, but signs of improvement are evident with increased leasing activity [5][21] - The company is optimistic about returning to positive growth in 2022 as the corporate environment stabilizes [96] - Management acknowledged the impact of COVID-19 on operations but expressed confidence in the ability to adapt and grow [20][100] Other Important Information - The company returned $39.6 million to shareholders through dividends in the fourth quarter, with a total of $150.3 million for the year [12] - Cash at year-end was $328.6 million, providing a cushion for future investments and shareholder returns [59] - The company has a diverse customer base, with the top 25 customers representing less than 6% of total revenues [54] Q&A Session Summary Question: Are you seeing any cannibalization within larger ports? - Management indicated that there is no significant cannibalization occurring as customers upgrade to larger ports, with a trend towards higher capacity services [86][90] Question: Can you elaborate on customer interest in return-to-office? - Management noted a correlation between vacancy rates and customer losses, with improved leasing activity in markets like San Francisco and New York expected to drive corporate growth [94][95] Question: What is the outlook on leverage and dividend policy? - Management expressed comfort with being slightly above target leverage levels, anticipating growth in free cash flow and revenue, while continuing to return capital to shareholders [99][100]

Part I [Item 1. Business](index=4&type=section&id=Item%201.%20Business) The company provides high-speed internet, private network, and data center colocation services globally using a low-cost, fiber-based network model [Overview](index=4&type=section&id=Overview) - Cogent is a facilities-based provider of low-cost, high-speed Internet access, private network services, and data center colocation space across North America, Europe, Asia, South America, Australia, and Africa[8](index=8&type=chunk) - The company offers on-net services (**100 Mbps to 400 Gbps**) to customers in buildings physically connected to its network, avoiding reliance on local telephone or cable companies for the last mile[8](index=8&type=chunk) - Customers are categorized as corporate (small to medium-sized businesses in multi-tenant office buildings) and net-centric (bandwidth-intensive users like OTT media providers, ISPs, and mobile operators)[8](index=8&type=chunk) [Competitive Advantages](index=4&type=section&id=Competitive%20Advantages) - Cogent's low-cost operating strategy is driven by using a single network protocol (Ethernet), leasing long-term dark fiber, offering a narrow product set, and employing scalable network configurations, resulting in a **23.3% compounded annual decline** in the cost of goods sold per bit over the last five fiscal years[9](index=9&type=chunk) - The company has direct control over its on-net service delivery, including the "last mile" and in-building wiring, enabling faster provisioning (typically under two weeks) compared to competitors[11](index=11&type=chunk) - The network connects to **3,035 buildings** in **216 metropolitan markets**, including 1,817 multi-tenant office buildings and 1,359 carrier-neutral data centers, positioning it to attract high-volume internet traffic[11](index=11&type=chunk) - As a Tier 1 ISP, Cogent interconnects with **7,569 networks** and has settlement-free peering arrangements with 24 other major ISPs, which broadens geographic delivery and reduces network costs[12](index=12&type=chunk)[22](index=22&type=chunk) [Our Strategy](index=8&type=section&id=Our%20Strategy) - Grow the corporate customer base by providing high-speed dedicated internet access and private network services, capitalizing on the increasing integration of off-site data centers and cloud services[14](index=14&type=chunk) - Increase market share in the net-centric segment by leveraging geographic breadth, high capacity (up to 400 Gbps), a large salesforce, and competitive pricing to meet growing demand from applications like OTT media and online gaming[14](index=14&type=chunk) - Expand the off-net corporate internet access business by utilizing agreements with national carriers that provide last-mile access to over **4.0 million commercial buildings** in North America[17](index=17&type=chunk) - Prioritize on-net customer growth due to higher profit margins and greater control over service levels, quality, and installation times[14](index=14&type=chunk)[15](index=15&type=chunk) [Our Network](index=10&type=section&id=Our%20Network) Network Statistics as of Dec 31, 2021 | Component | Statistic | | :--- | :--- | | Total On-Net Buildings | 3,035 | | Metropolitan Markets Served | 216 | | Multi-Tenant Office Buildings | 1,817 | | Carrier Neutral Data Centers | 1,359 | | Cogent Data Centers | 54 | | Intra-city Fiber Miles | 39,559 | | Inter-city Fiber Route Miles | 60,676 | - The network is built by leasing long-term dark optical fiber and connecting Internet routers to it, a strategy that positions the company for revenue growth with limited incremental capital expenditures[18](index=18&type=chunk) - Cogent is a Tier 1 ISP, directly connecting with **7,569 networks**, and exchanges traffic with 24 other Tier 1 ISPs on a settlement-free basis, reducing operating costs as it does not purchase transit services or paid peering[22](index=22&type=chunk) [Our Customers](index=13&type=section&id=Our%20Customers) - The company serves two main customer sets: corporate customers (small and medium-sized businesses) and net-centric customers (content providers, application service providers, and access networks)[25](index=25&type=chunk) - Corporate customers primarily purchase direct internet access (**100 Mbps to 10 Gbps**) and private network services, either on-net or off-net[25](index=25&type=chunk) - Net-centric customers purchase high-capacity IP connectivity (**10 Gbps to 400 Gbps**) in 1,413 data centers across 216 markets and can purchase contractual capacity, metered service, or burst capacity[25](index=25&type=chunk) [Human Capital Management](index=13&type=section&id=Human%20Capital%20Management) Employee Statistics as of Dec 31, 2021 | Metric | Value | | :--- | :--- | | Total Employees | 1,001 | | Employees in US & Canada | 81.0% | | Employees in Europe | 18.0% | | Quota-bearing Sales Reps | 49% | | Sales Management/Support | 14% | | Operational/Admin | 37% | - In 2021, the company experienced a **7.0% average monthly churn rate** among sales representatives, attributed to performance goals and the mandate to return to the office and be vaccinated against COVID-19[30](index=30&type=chunk) - The company mandated that all US and Canadian employees be vaccinated against COVID-19 by October 2021 and return to the office full-time, though this was later modified due to the Omicron variant[32](index=32&type=chunk) [Sales and Marketing](index=17&type=section&id=Sales%20and%20Marketing) - The company employs a direct sales force of **633 full-time employees** as of December 31, 2021, down from 712 at year-end 2020, including 490 quota-bearing sales representatives[33](index=33&type=chunk) - Marketing efforts focus on direct contact and lead generation through building events and public relations, rather than traditional television, radio, or print advertising[33](index=33&type=chunk) [Competition](index=17&type=section&id=Competition) - Cogent faces competition from larger incumbent telephone and cable companies with greater financial resources, established brand names, and large customer bases[34](index=34&type=chunk) - Competition is based on price, speed, reliability, and service availability, and competitors are upgrading their networks with optical fiber to match Cogent's speed and quality[36](index=36&type=chunk) [Regulation](index=19&type=section&id=Regulation) - As a provider of Internet access and private networks to businesses, the company is not subject to significant regulation, which provides flexibility and ease of entry into new markets[37](index=37&type=chunk) - The company must comply with regulations concerning licensing, data privacy, law enforcement interception, and website blocking in the various jurisdictions where it operates[37](index=37&type=chunk) [Item 1A. Risk Factors](index=19&type=section&id=Item%201A.%20Risk%20Factors) The company faces significant risks from the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on corporate demand, employee retention, competition, and its substantial indebtedness [Market Risks](index=19&type=section&id=Market%20Risks) - The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted the business, particularly corporate revenue, due to remote work policies, office closures, and rising vacancy rates in multi-tenant office buildings[39](index=39&type=chunk)[41](index=41&type=chunk) - The company's mandate for employees to be vaccinated and return to the office full-time has led to increased employee departures, particularly in the sales department, and may make it difficult to retain and hire new employees[42](index=42&type=chunk)[45](index=45&type=chunk) - The company is experiencing delays in the delivery of networking equipment and services from vendors, which may impact its ability to expand and augment its network[46](index=46&type=chunk) [Business Risks](index=23&type=section&id=Business%20Risks) - A long-term shift to remote work may negatively impact revenue growth, cash flows, and profitability by increasing corporate customer turnover and reducing demand for new services and upgrades[53](index=53&type=chunk) - The company's rapid growth places significant strains on its management, operational, and financial infrastructure, requiring effective expansion of its sales force and systems to manage growth[55](index=55&type=chunk)[57](index=57&type=chunk) [Competitive Risks](index=25&type=section&id=Competitive%20Risks) - Maintaining settlement-free peering relationships is critical to avoiding higher costs and ensuring high network performance, and a failure to maintain or expand these relationships could materially harm the business[60](index=60&type=chunk) - The company faces significant competition from incumbent carriers and ISPs that have greater financial resources, larger customer bases, and more diverse service offerings[61](index=61&type=chunk) [Operational Risks](index=26&type=section&id=Operational%20Risks) - The company's network is a potential target for cyber-attacks (like DDOS), which could lead to service interruptions, compromise of customer data, and material adverse effects on the business[64](index=64&type=chunk) - Reliance on complex information systems for sales, billing, and financial reporting poses a risk, as system failures could adversely affect sales, collections, and the ability to prepare timely financial statements[65](index=65&type=chunk) [Network Augmentation and Maintenance Risks](index=28&type=section&id=Network%20Augmentation%20and%20Maintenance%20Risks) - The network relies on leased optical fiber and building access from numerous vendors, and a failure to renew these leases on attractive terms could impact the network and customer base[68](index=68&type=chunk) - Substantially all network infrastructure equipment is purchased from a single vendor, **Cisco Systems, Inc**, and delays or failures from this vendor could disrupt service and network expansion[71](index=71&type=chunk) [International Operations Risks](index=30&type=section&id=International%20Operations%20Risks) - Operations in **50 countries** expose the company to risks including currency fluctuations (particularly the Euro), regulatory requirements, political and economic conditions, and diverse tax regimes[75](index=75&type=chunk) [Regulatory and Tax Risks](index=30&type=section&id=Regulatory%20and%20Tax%20Risks) - The unsettled legal landscape for ISPs could lead to new liabilities for content disseminated through the network, requiring costly measures to reduce exposure[76](index=76&type=chunk) - Changes in laws, such as those related to net neutrality, data privacy (GDPR, CCPA), and ISP liability (Section 230), could adversely affect the business and its customers[77](index=77&type=chunk)[80](index=80&type=chunk) - Governments may impose new taxes on Internet services, similar to those on telephone services, which could increase costs and discourage customer growth[82](index=82&type=chunk) [Risk Factors Related to Our Indebtedness](index=34&type=section&id=Risk%20Factors%20Related%20to%20Our%20Indebtedness) - As of December 31, 2021, the company had **$1.1 billion in total indebtedness**, including senior notes and finance lease obligations, which could make it difficult to satisfy financial obligations[85](index=85&type=chunk)[86](index=86&type=chunk) - An interest rate swap agreement on the 2026 Notes exposes the company to risks associated with variable interest rates based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR)[88](index=88&type=chunk) - Debt agreements impose significant restrictions on the business, limiting the ability to incur additional debt, pay dividends, make certain investments, and enter into transactions with affiliates[90](index=90&type=chunk) [Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments](index=36&type=section&id=Item%201B.%20Unresolved%20Staff%20Comments) The company reports no unresolved staff comments - None[94](index=94&type=chunk) [Item 2. Properties](index=36&type=section&id=Item%202.%20Properties) The company leases approximately 748,000 square feet for its operations, including its headquarters from an entity controlled by its CEO - The company leases its headquarters facility of **43,117 square feet** in Washington, D.C. from an entity controlled by its CEO, with a lease expiring in May 2025 that is cancellable on 60 days' notice[95](index=95&type=chunk) - In total, the company leases approximately **748,000 square feet** of space for its data centers, offices, and operations centers[95](index=95&type=chunk) [Item 3. Legal Proceedings](index=36&type=section&id=Item%203.%20Legal%20Proceedings) The company is involved in ordinary course legal proceedings not expected to have a material adverse effect on its business - The company is involved in legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business, which are not expected to have a material adverse effect, with details in Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements[96](index=96&type=chunk) [Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures](index=36&type=section&id=Item%204.%20Mine%20Safety%20Disclosures) This item is not applicable to the company - Not applicable[97](index=97&type=chunk) Part II [Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities](index=37&type=section&id=Item%205.%20Market%20for%20Registrant's%20Common%20Equity%2C%20Related%20Stockholder%20Matters%20and%20Issuer%20Purchases%20of%20Equity%20Securities) The company's stock trades on NASDAQ as "CCOI" and a stock repurchase plan is authorized through December 2022 - The company's common stock trades on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "**CCOI**"[100](index=100&type=chunk) - A stock repurchase program authorized up to **$50.0 million** is in place through December 31, 2022, with **$30.4 million** remaining available as of December 31, 2021[104](index=104&type=chunk) [Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations](index=39&type=section&id=Item%207.%20Management's%20Discussion%20and%20Analysis%20of%20Financial%20Condition%20and%20Results%20of%20Operations) FY2021 revenue grew 3.8% driven by net-centric customers, offsetting a corporate decline, while net income was significantly impacted by foreign exchange gains [Results of Operations](index=39&type=section&id=Results%20of%20Operations) Financial Performance Comparison (2021 vs. 2020) | Metric | 2021 (in thousands) | 2020 (in thousands) | % Change | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Service Revenue | $589,797 | $568,103 | 3.8% | | On-net Revenues | $442,838 | $419,454 | 5.6% | | Off-net Revenues | $146,383 | $148,128 | (1.2)% | | Network Operations Expenses | $226,337 | $219,157 | 3.3% | | SG&A Expenses | $162,380 | $158,476 | 2.5% | | Depreciation & Amortization | $89,240 | $83,477 | 6.9% | | Income Tax Expense | $23,235 | $4,096 | 467.3% | - Corporate customer revenue decreased by **6.5%** to **$358.4 million** in 2021, attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic's impact, while net-centric customer revenue increased by **25.3%** to **$231.4 million**[110](index=110&type=chunk) - The average price per megabit for the installed customer base declined by **24.2%** from 2020 to 2021, a trend expected to continue[111](index=111&type=chunk) - The number of on-net customer connections grew by **4.4%** and off-net connections grew by **5.8%** from year-end 2020 to 2021[113](index=113&type=chunk) [Liquidity and Capital Resources](index=45&type=section&id=Liquidity%20and%20Capital%20Resources) Consolidated Cash Flows (in thousands) | Cash Flow Activity | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Net cash provided by operating activities | $170,257 | $140,320 | $148,809 | | Net cash used in investing activities | ($69,916) | ($55,952) | ($46,958) | | Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | ($140,825) | ($116,002) | $22,020 | - As of December 31, 2021, the company had cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash of **$328.6 million**[120](index=120&type=chunk) - The company paid **$150.3 million** in dividends in 2021, up from $129.4 million in 2020, reflecting regular quarterly increases in the dividend per share[128](index=128&type=chunk) - The company believes cash on hand and cash from operations will be adequate to meet working capital, capital expenditure, debt service, and dividend payment requirements for the next twelve months[139](index=139&type=chunk) [Indebtedness](index=50&type=section&id=Indebtedness) - Total indebtedness at December 31, 2021, was **$1.1 billion** at par value, including **$500.0 million** of 3.50% senior secured notes due 2026, **€350.0 million** of 4.375% senior unsecured notes due 2024, and **$245.9 million** of finance lease obligations[85](index=85&type=chunk)[129](index=129&type=chunk) - In May 2021, the company issued **$500.0 million** of 2026 Notes and used the proceeds to redeem its remaining 2022 Notes[130](index=130&type=chunk)[213](index=213&type=chunk) - Debt indentures limit the company's ability to make restricted payments, such as dividends and stock purchases, with **$185.5 million** unrestricted and available for such payments as of December 31, 2021[133](index=133&type=chunk) [Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Estimates](index=53&type=section&id=Critical%20Accounting%20Policies%20and%20Significant%20Estimates) - A critical accounting policy involves finance lease obligations, where management must make significant judgments regarding renewal options, useful lives of assets, and the incremental borrowing rate[144](index=144&type=chunk) [Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk](index=55&type=section&id=Item%207A.%20Quantitative%20and%20Qualitative%20Disclosures%20About%20Market%20Risk) The company is exposed to interest rate risk from a swap agreement and foreign currency risk from its Euro-denominated notes and international operations - The company is exposed to variable interest rate risk on its **$500.0 million** 2026 Notes due to an interest rate swap agreement tied to SOFR, where a 1.0% change in rates would impact annual interest expense by approximately **$20.4 million**[146](index=146&type=chunk) - Foreign currency exchange risk exists due to the **€350.0 million** 2024 Notes and international operations, which generated **25.5%** of consolidated revenue in 2021, where a 1.0% change in exchange rates would impact annual revenue by approximately **$1.2 million**[148](index=148&type=chunk) [Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data](index=57&type=section&id=Item%208.%20Financial%20Statements%20and%20Supplementary%20Data) This section contains the company's audited consolidated financial statements and the independent auditor's report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 [Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm](index=58&type=section&id=Report%20of%20Independent%20Registered%20Public%20Accounting%20Firm) - Ernst & Young LLP issued an unqualified opinion on the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, stating they are presented fairly in conformity with U.S. GAAP[152](index=152&type=chunk) - The audit identified a Critical Audit Matter related to the classification of Indefeasible Right of Use (IRU) lease agreements, which involved subjective judgment in determining the economic life of the underlying optical fiber assets[155](index=155&type=chunk) [Consolidated Financial Statements](index=60&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Financial%20Statements) Consolidated Balance Sheet Data (in thousands) | Account | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Total Assets | $984,557 | $1,000,477 | | Total Liabilities | $1,357,655 | $1,293,643 | | Total Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) | ($373,098) | ($293,166) | Consolidated Income Statement Data (in thousands) | Account | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Service Revenue | $589,797 | $568,103 | $546,159 | | Operating Income | $119,233 | $106,922 | $100,257 | | Net Income | $48,185 | $6,216 | $37,520 | Earnings Per Share (Diluted) | Year | Diluted EPS | | :--- | :--- | | 2021 | $1.03 | | 2020 | $0.13 | | 2019 | $0.81 | [Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure](index=92&type=section&id=Item%209.%20Changes%20in%20and%20Disagreements%20with%20Accountants%20on%20Accounting%20and%20Financial%20Disclosure) The company reports no changes in or disagreements with its accountants - None[255](index=255&type=chunk) [Item 9A. Controls and Procedures](index=92&type=section&id=Item%209A.%20Controls%20and%20Procedures) Management concluded that disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2021, with no material changes to internal controls - Management, including the CEO and CFO, concluded that the company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by the report[256](index=256&type=chunk) - There were no changes in internal control over financial reporting during the most recent fiscal quarter that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, internal controls[256](index=256&type=chunk) - The independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, issued an unqualified report on the company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021[259](index=259&type=chunk)[262](index=262&type=chunk) [Item 9B. Other Information](index=95&type=section&id=Item%209B.%20Other%20Information) The company reports no other information - None[266](index=266&type=chunk) [Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections](index=95&type=section&id=Item%209C.%20Disclosure%20Regarding%20Foreign%20Jurisdictions%20that%20Prevent%20Inspections) This item is not applicable to the company - Not applicable[267](index=267&type=chunk) Part III [Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance](index=95&type=section&id=Item%2010.%20Directors%2C%20Executive%20Officers%20and%20Corporate%20Governance) Required information is incorporated by reference from the company's 2022 definitive proxy statement - Information is incorporated by reference from the registrant's 2022 definitive proxy statement[269](index=269&type=chunk) [Item 11. Executive Compensation](index=95&type=section&id=Item%2011.%20Executive%20Compensation) Required information is incorporated by reference from the company's 2022 definitive proxy statement - Information is incorporated by reference from the registrant's 2022 definitive proxy statement[270](index=270&type=chunk) [Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters](index=95&type=section&id=Item%2012.%20Security%20Ownership%20of%20Certain%20Beneficial%20Owners%20and%20Management%20and%20Related%20Stockholder%20Matters) Required information is incorporated by reference from the company's 2022 definitive proxy statement - Information is incorporated by reference from the registrant's 2022 definitive proxy statement[271](index=271&type=chunk) [Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence](index=95&type=section&id=Item%2013.%20Certain%20Relationships%20and%20Related%20Transactions%20and%20Director%20Independence) Required information is incorporated by reference from the company's 2022 definitive proxy statement - Information is incorporated by reference from the registrant's 2022 definitive proxy statement[272](index=272&type=chunk) [Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services](index=95&type=section&id=Item%2014.%20Principal%20Accountant%20Fees%20and%20Services) Required information is incorporated by reference from the company's 2022 definitive proxy statement - Information is incorporated by reference from the registrant's 2022 definitive proxy statement[273](index=273&type=chunk) Part IV [Item 15. Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules](index=96&type=section&id=Item%2015.%20Exhibit%20and%20Financial%20Statement%20Schedules) This section lists the financial statements, schedules, and exhibits filed as part of the Form 10-K report - This section lists the financial statements, financial statement schedules, and exhibits filed with the report[276](index=276&type=chunk)[277](index=277&type=chunk) [Item 16. Form 10-K Summary](index=102&type=section&id=Item%2016.%20Form%2010-K%20Summary) The company provides no summary for this item - None[288](index=288&type=chunk)

Cogent Communications Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ:CCOI) Q3 2021 Results Conference Call November 4, 2021 8:30 AM ET Company Participants Dave Schaeffer - Chairman and CEO Sean Wallace - CFO Conference Call Participants George Engroff - Credit Suisse Phil Cusick - JP Morgan Colby Synesael - Cowen Nick Del Deo - MoffettNathanson Walter Piecyk - LightShed Michael Rollins - Citi Evan Young - KeyBanc Capital Markets Operator Good morning, and welcome to the Cogent Communications Holdings Third Quarter 2021 Earnings C ...

Table of Contents UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-Q ☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2021 OR ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Commission File No. 000-51829 COGENT COMMUNICATIONS HOLDINGS, INC. (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter) Delaware 46-5706863 (State of Incorporation) (I.R.S. Emp ...