Clean Energy Technologies, Inc. (OTC:CETY) is a company focused on providing renewable energy solutions. It specializes in waste heat recovery systems, which convert waste heat into electricity, and other clean energy technologies. Despite its innovative approach, CETY faces challenges in capital efficiency, as indicated by its financial metrics.CETY's Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) is -11.03%, which is below its Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) of 9.16%. This negative ROIC suggests that the compa ...

Core Insights - Clean Energy Technologies, Inc. (CETY) has successfully completed and delivered its heat recovery systems under an agreement with Sagacity, marking a significant milestone for the company [1][3] - The delivery includes Clean Cycle II (CCII) ORC units and engineering support, demonstrating CETY's commitment to technical excellence and timely execution [3][5] - This achievement sets the stage for further collaboration with Sagacity on the development of a 350 kW magnetic bearing ORC system, expanding into larger-scale industrial applications [4][6] Project Completion & Delivery - CETY has fulfilled the scope of its agreement with Sagacity, delivering key components and support for its heat recovery solutions [3] - The successful delivery reinforces CETY's reputation as a reliable partner in advancing clean energy technologies [3][5] Future Collaboration - The completion of the current project lays a foundation for ongoing development of advanced heat recovery systems, particularly the 350 kW ORC system [4] - CETY aims to scale its solutions to serve larger, energy-intensive industries globally [5][6] Company Positioning - CETY is positioned as a leading developer of innovative ORC technology, focusing on improving supply chains and operational efficiency in energy-intensive sectors [6][7] - The company is dedicated to enabling industries to harness waste heat as a renewable resource, contributing to global decarbonization efforts [7] Company Overview - Clean Energy Technologies, Inc. is headquartered in Irvine, California, and specializes in zero-emission energy solutions, including waste heat recovery and waste-to-energy technologies [8] - The company offers a range of services, including engineering, consulting, and project management for clean energy projects [8]

[PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION](index=3&type=section&id=PART%20I.%20FINANCIAL%20INFORMATION) This section presents Clean Energy Technologies, Inc.'s unaudited consolidated financial statements and management's discussion and analysis for the period ended June 30, 2025 [ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS](index=3&type=section&id=ITEM%201.%20CONSOLIDATED%20FINANCIAL%20STATEMENTS) This section presents Clean Energy Technologies, Inc.'s unaudited consolidated financial statements for the period ended June 30, 2025, detailing financial position, operations, equity, and cash flows, with explanatory notes [Consolidated Balance Sheets](index=4&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Balance%20Sheets) The consolidated balance sheets show a significant increase in total assets and equity as of June 30, 2025, compared to December 31, 2024, primarily driven by a substantial rise in cash and accounts receivable | Metric | June 30, 2025 (Unaudited) | December 31, 2024 (Audited) | | :--------------------------- | :-------------------------- | :-------------------------- | | Cash | $4,408,887 | $62,101 | | Accounts receivable - net | $645,268 | $131,067 | | Accounts receivable - Related Party | $2,278,728 | $1,947,131 | | Total Current Assets | $9,225,057 | $3,198,091 | | Total Assets | $14,785,544 | $9,505,480 | | Total Current Liabilities | $6,957,240 | $6,438,099 | | Total Liabilities | $7,029,856 | $6,566,978 | | Total Equity | $7,755,688 | $2,938,502 | [Consolidated Statements of Operations](index=7&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Operations) The consolidated statements of operations indicate a decrease in total income for the six months ended June 30, 2025, compared to the same period in 2024, but a significant improvement in gross profit and a reduced net loss | Metric | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :-------------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Total Income | $1,028,215 | $1,709,151 | | Cost of Goods Sold | $76,005 | $1,280,116 | | Gross Profit | $952,210 | $429,035 | | Total Expense | $1,783,145 | $2,221,990 | | Net Profit / (Loss) Before Income Taxes | $(1,419,972) | $(2,251,278) | | Net Profit / (Loss) | $(1,420,021) | $(2,251,278) | | Basic and diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding | 51,249,303 | 41,618,349 | | Net loss per common share basic and diluted | $(0.03) | $(0.06) | - **Gross Profit** increased significantly from **$429,035** in H1 2024 to **$952,210** in H1 2025, despite a decrease in total income, indicating improved margins[14](index=14&type=chunk) - **Net Loss** decreased from **$(2,251,278)** in H1 2024 to **$(1,420,021)** in H1 2025, showing an improvement in profitability[14](index=14&type=chunk) [Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity](index=8&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Stockholders%20Deficit) The consolidated statements of stockholders' equity show a substantial increase in total equity from $2,938,502 as of December 31, 2024, to $7,755,688 as of June 30, 2025, primarily driven by significant additions to additional paid-in capital and common stock issuances | Metric | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :-------------------------- | :------------ | :---------------- | | Common stock, par value $0.001 | $63,174 | $45,332 | | Additional Paid-In Capital | $36,732,024 | $30,593,041 | | Accumulated Deficit | $(28,820,537) | $(27,443,231) | | Total Equity | $7,755,688 | $2,938,502 | - **Total Equity** increased by **$4,817,186 (163.9%)** from December 31, 2024, to June 30, 2025[12](index=12&type=chunk) - **Additional Paid-In Capital** increased by **$6,138,983**, reflecting new capital infusions[12](index=12&type=chunk) [Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows](index=10&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Cash%20Flows) The consolidated statements of cash flows show a significant net increase in cash and cash equivalents for the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily driven by substantial cash flows from financing activities, which offset continued cash usage in operating activities | Metric | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :----------------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Net Loss | $(1,420,021) | $(2,251,278) | | Net cash used in operating activities | $(1,556,984) | $(1,612,034) | | Net cash provided by investing activities | $0 | $83,160 | | Net cash provided by financing activities | $5,903,311 | $1,828,380 | | Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | $4,346,786 | $298,318 | | Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $4,408,887 | $387,943 | - **Cash from financing activities** increased significantly by over **220%** year-over-year, from **$1,828,380** in H1 2024 to **$5,903,311** in H1 2025[19](index=19&type=chunk) - **Net cash used in operating activities** slightly decreased, indicating a marginal improvement in operational cash burn[19](index=19&type=chunk) [Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements](index=11&type=section&id=Notes%20to%20the%20Consolidated%20Financial%20Statements) The notes provide detailed explanations of the company's accounting policies, financial instrument valuations, and significant transactions, including the reclassification of Shuya, various debt and equity issuances, and related party transactions [NOTE 1 – GENERAL](index=11&type=section&id=NOTE%201%20%E2%80%93%20GENERAL) Clean Energy Technologies, Inc. (CETY) is a clean energy technology company providing eco-friendly energy solutions across North America, Europe, and Asia, operating through four reportable segments, and faces substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern - CETY operates in four reportable segments: Clean Energy HRS (Heat Recovery Solutions) & CETY Europe, CETY Renewables waste to energy, engineering, consulting & management services, and CETY HK NG trading[26](index=26&type=chunk) - The company had an accumulated deficit of **$28,820,537** and negative cash flows from operating activities of **$1,556,984** as of June 30, 2025, raising substantial doubt about its going concern ability[27](index=27&type=chunk) - CETY's principal businesses include Heat Recovery Solutions (Clean Cycle Generator), Waste to Energy Solutions (pyrolysis technology), Engineering, Consulting and Project Management Solutions, and CETY HK's natural gas trading operations in China[29](index=29&type=chunk)[30](index=30&type=chunk)[31](index=31&type=chunk)[32](index=32&type=chunk) [NOTE 2 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES](index=12&type=section&id=NOTE%202%20%E2%80%93%20BASIS%20OF%20PRESENTATION%20AND%20SUMMARY%20OF%20SIGNIFICANT%20ACCOUNTING%20POLICIES) This section outlines the company's accounting policies, including estimates, cash, receivables, inventory, property, revenue recognition, derivative liabilities, fair value, foreign currency, and the reclassification of Shuya, along with segment reporting and share-based compensation - The company maintains a reserve for potentially uncollectable accounts receivable of **$95,322** as of June 30, 2025, unchanged from December 31, 2024[38](index=38&type=chunk) - **Inventory reserve** decreased from **$934,344** as of December 31, 2024, to **$576,704** as of June 30, 2025, indicating a reduction in estimated excess and obsolete inventory[40](index=40&type=chunk) - The company recognized a **derivative liability** of **$251,718** as of June 30, 2025, compared to zero as of December 31, 2024, due to certain conversion features in debt financing transactions[67](index=67&type=chunk) - Shuya, previously consolidated as a Variable Interest Entity (VIE) effective January 1, 2023, was deconsolidated on January 1, 2024, due to the termination of the Concerted Action Agreement, reverting to an equity method investment[78](index=78&type=chunk)[82](index=82&type=chunk) Net Sales by Segment | Segment | Net Sales (6 months ended June 30, 2025) | Net Sales (6 months ended June 30, 2024) | | :-------------------------- | :--------------------------------------- | :--------------------------------------- | | Manufacturing and Engineering | $0 | $9,341 | | Heat Recovery Solutions | $689,488 | $120,874 | | NG Trading | $7,130 | $1,219,629 | | Waste to Energy | $331,597 | $359,307 | | Total Sales | $1,028,215 | $1,709,151 | [NOTE 3 – ACCOUNTS AND NOTES RECEIVABLE](index=25&type=section&id=NOTE%203%20%E2%80%93%20ACCOUNTS%20AND%20NOTES%20RECEIVABLE) Accounts and notes receivable, including related party receivables, significantly increased as of June 30, 2025, compared to December 31, 2024, with a constant reserve for uncollectable accounts Accounts and Notes Receivable Summary | Metric | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :----------------------------- | :------------ | :---------------- | | Accounts Receivable | $740,590 | $226,389 | | Accounts Receivable Related Party | $2,278,728 | $1,947,131 | | Less reserve for uncollectable accounts | $(95,322) | $(95,322) | | Total Accounts Receivable | $2,923,996 | $2,078,198 | | Long-term financing receivables - net | $1,423,055 | $1,423,054 | - **Total Accounts Receivable (net)** increased by **$845,798 (40.7%)** from December 31, 2024, to June 30, 2025[105](index=105&type=chunk) - All accounts receivable and long-term financing receivables are pledged to Nations Interbanc, the company's line of credit[105](index=105&type=chunk)[108](index=108&type=chunk) [NOTE 4 – INVENTORIES, NET](index=26&type=section&id=NOTE%204%20%E2%80%93%20INVENTORIES%2C%20NET) Net inventories slightly decreased as of June 30, 2025, compared to December 31, 2024, primarily due to a significant reduction in the inventory reserve Inventories, Net Summary | Metric | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :---------- | :------------ | :---------------- | | Inventory | $1,061,343 | $1,431,347 | | Less reserve | $(576,704) | $(934,344) | | Total | $484,639 | $497,003 | - The **inventory reserve** decreased by **$357,640**, indicating a more favorable assessment of inventory obsolescence or excess[109](index=109&type=chunk) - Inventory is pledged to Nations Interbanc, the company's line of credit[109](index=109&type=chunk) [NOTE 5 – PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT](index=26&type=section&id=NOTE%205%20%E2%80%93%20PROPERTY%20AND%20EQUIPMENT) Net fixed assets saw a minor decrease as of June 30, 2025, compared to December 31, 2024, with depreciation expense remaining relatively stable Property and Equipment Summary | Metric | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :--------------------- | :------------ | :---------------- | | Property and Equipment | $125,200 | $1,434,743 | | Accumulated Depreciation | $(122,993) | $(1,431,830) | | Net Fixed Assets | $2,207 | $2,913 | | Depreciation Expense (six months) | $752 | $5,938 | - Property, Plant, and Equipment are pledged to Nations Interbanc, the company's line of credit[111](index=111&type=chunk) [NOTE 6 – INTANGIBLE ASSETS](index=26&type=section&id=NOTE%206%20%E2%80%93%20INTANGIBLE%20ASSETS) Net intangible assets slightly decreased due to amortization of patents, while goodwill and LWL Investment balances remained constant as indefinite-life assets Intangible Assets Summary | Metric | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :-------------------- | :------------ | :---------------- | | Goodwill | $747,976 | $747,976 | | LWL Intangibles | $1,468,709 | $1,468,709 | | License | $354,322 | $354,322 | | Patents | $190,789 | $190,789 | | Accumulated Amortization | $(113,817) | $(107,879) | | Net Intangible Assets | $2,647,979 | $2,653,917 | | Amortization Expense (six months) | $5,938 | $5,938 | - **Goodwill** and **LWL Investment** are classified as indefinite-life assets and are not amortized, but subject to annual impairment testing[113](index=113&type=chunk)[114](index=114&type=chunk) - Patents are amortized over their expected useful life, typically 20 years, resulting in a decrease in their net balance[116](index=116&type=chunk) [NOTE 7 – CONVERTIBLE NOTE RECEIVABLE](index=28&type=section&id=NOTE%207%20%E2%80%93%20CONVERTIBLE%20NOTE%20RECEIVABLE) JHJ holds a convertible note receivable from Chengdu Rongjun Enterprise Consulting Co., Ltd, extended to January 10, 2027, with a 12% annual interest rate and an option to convert into a 15% equity interest in Heze Hongyuan Natural Gas Co., Ltd - JHJ lent **RMB 5,000,000 ($0.7 million)** to Rongjun at a **12% annual interest rate**, with maturity extended to January 10, 2027[120](index=120&type=chunk) - JHJ has the right to convert the note into a **15% equity interest** in Heze Hongyuan Natural Gas Co., Ltd[120](index=120&type=chunk) [NOTE 8 – ACCRUED EXPENSES](index=28&type=section&id=NOTE%208%20%E2%80%93%20ACCRUED%20EXPENSES) Total accrued expenses increased as of June 30, 2025, primarily due to a rise in accrued taxes and other expenses Accrued Expenses Summary | Metric | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :------------------ | :------------ | :---------------- | | Accrued Wages | $78,254 | $78,254 | | Sales tax payable | $15,271 | $15,014 | | Accrued Taxes and other | $469,253 | $371,964 | | Total accrued expenses | $562,778 | $465,232 | - **Accrued Taxes and other** increased by **$97,289 (26.1%)** from December 31, 2024, to June 30, 2025[121](index=121&type=chunk) [NOTE 9 – LINE OF CREDIT AND NOTES PAYABLE](index=28&type=section&id=NOTE%209%20%E2%80%93%20LINE%20OF%20CREDIT%20AND%20NOTES%20PAYABLE) The company's line of credit balance decreased, while total convertible notes payable increased significantly due to numerous issuances and conversions, leading to higher derivative liabilities and interest expenses Line of Credit and Notes Payable Summary | Metric | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :-------------------------- | :------------ | :---------------- | | Line of Credit | $599,038 | $662,804 | | Total convertible notes | $3,685,202 | $2,649,197 | | Accrued interest | $127,641 | $492,401 | | Debt discount | $(901,650) | $(93,725) | | Amortization of debt discount | $224,437 | $46,704 | | Total Convertible Notes Payable | $3,135,630 | $3,094,577 | | Derivative liability | $251,718 | $0 | - **Total convertible notes** increased by **$1,036,005 (39.1%)** from December 31, 2024, to June 30, 2025[167](index=167&type=chunk) - The company issued several new convertible promissory notes in 2025, including with Mast Hill (**$1,637,833** and **$620,000**), Pacific Pier Capital II (**$345,000** and **$256,000**), and 1800 Diagonal Lending LLC (**$131,610**), often with original issue discounts and commitment shares[154](index=154&type=chunk)[155](index=155&type=chunk)[156](index=156&type=chunk)[159](index=159&type=chunk)[161](index=161&type=chunk) - **Derivative liabilities** on outstanding convertible notes were revalued at **$251,718** as of June 30, 2025, resulting from new issuances and fair value adjustments[167](index=167&type=chunk) [NOTE 10 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES](index=37&type=section&id=NOTE%2010%20%E2%80%93%20COMMITMENTS%20AND%20CONTINGENCIES) The company's commitments primarily involve operating leases for corporate offices and HRS operations, with lease liabilities decreasing, and a severance benefit commitment for its CEO Commitments and Contingencies Summary | Metric | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :-------------------------- | :------------ | :---------------- | | Right-of-used assets | $82,790 | $166,727 | | Lease liabilities – current | $56,806 | $130,483 | | Lease liabilities – non-current | $24,577 | $38,125 | | Total lease liabilities | $81,383 | $168,608 | | Lease expense (six months) | $119,733 | $133,264 | - The weighted-average remaining lease term is **1.33 years**, with a weighted-average discount rate of **4.5%–10.0%**[173](index=173&type=chunk) - The CEO, Mr. Mahdi, is entitled to a severance benefit equal to one year's salary or the remainder of his employment period, whichever is greater[174](index=174&type=chunk) [NOTE 11 – CAPITAL STOCK TRANSACTIONS](index=39&type=section&id=NOTE%2011%20%E2%80%93%20CAPITAL%20STOCK%20TRANSACTIONS) The company significantly increased authorized common shares and issued a substantial number of common shares through stock compensation, debt conversions, and subscriptions, leading to an increase in outstanding shares and warrants, and designated Series E Convertible Preferred Stock - Authorized common shares increased to **2,000,000,000**, and a **1-for-40 reverse stock split** was effective January 6, 2023[178](index=178&type=chunk)[179](index=179&type=chunk) - As of June 30, 2025, there were **63,173,457 shares of common stock outstanding**, with **2,228,266 outstanding warrants**[212](index=212&type=chunk)[239](index=239&type=chunk) - In May 2025, the company issued **10,731,704 shares of common stock** for aggregate gross proceeds of **$4,400,000** through a Subscription Agreement[203](index=203&type=chunk) - The **15% Series E Convertible Preferred Stock** was designated in October 2023, with a stated value of **$1.00 per share**, **15% annual dividends**, and conversion rights at **80% of the lowest VWAP** over the last 5 trading days[219](index=219&type=chunk)[220](index=220&type=chunk) [NOTE 12 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS](index=47&type=section&id=NOTE%2012%20%E2%80%93%20RELATED%20PARTY%20TRANSACTIONS) The company has significant related party transactions with Vermont Renewable Gas LLC (VRG), a joint venture where CETY Capital LLC holds a 49% interest, involving invoicing for plant construction and a defaulted $12 million loan guarantee - CETY Capital LLC owns a **49% interest** in Vermont Renewable Gas LLC (VRG), a joint venture for developing a pyrolysis plant[240](index=240&type=chunk) - CETY Renewables invoiced VRG **$331,597** in 2025, contributing to **$2,278,728** in accounts receivable from VRG[241](index=241&type=chunk) - CETY provided a corporate guarantee for VRG's **$12 million loan agreement**, which is currently in default due to the lender's failure to disburse tranches[242](index=242&type=chunk)[243](index=243&type=chunk) [NOTE 13 - WARRANTY LIABILITY](index=47&type=section&id=NOTE%2013%20-%20WARRANTY%20LIABILITY) The company's warranty liability remained unchanged at $100,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, based on estimates for critical turbine replacement costs Warranty Liability Summary | Metric | June 30, 2025 | June 30, 2024 | | :--------------- | :------------ | :------------ | | Warranty Liability | $100,000 | $100,000 | [NOTE 14 – NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST](index=48&type=section&id=NOTE%2014%20%E2%80%93%20NON-CONTROLLING%20INTEREST) The company's joint venture, Vermont Renewable Gas LLC (VRG), is accounted for as an equity method investment because Synergy Bioproducts Corporation (SBC) holds a controlling interest and is the primary beneficiary of the Variable Interest Entity (VIE) - VRG is classified as a Variable Interest Entity (VIE) due to insufficient equity to operate without financial support[248](index=248&type=chunk) - SBC is deemed the primary beneficiary of VRG, holding controlling interest and more board votes, leading CETY to account for its **49% interest** using the equity method[248](index=248&type=chunk) [NOTE 15 – THE STATUTORY RESERVES](index=48&type=section&id=NOTE%2015%20%E2%80%93%20THE%20STATUTORY%20RESERVES) PRC laws impose restrictions on the company's PRC subsidiaries regarding dividend payments, requiring annual appropriations to statutory reserves and a special reserve for work safety funds, limiting net asset transfers - PRC subsidiaries must allocate at least **10% of annual after-tax profit** to a surplus reserve until it reaches **50% of registered capital**, restricting dividend payments[250](index=250&type=chunk)[251](index=251&type=chunk)[252](index=252&type=chunk) - A special reserve for work safety funds, calculated at **15% of total sales**, is required for companies involved in dangerous goods production or storage[253](index=253&type=chunk) [NOTE 16 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS](index=49&type=section&id=NOTE%2016%20%E2%80%93%20SUBSEQUENT%20EVENTS) Subsequent to June 30, 2025, the company continued to issue common stock, primarily to Mast Hill and 1800 Diagonal, through conversions of convertible promissory notes, and entered a new securities purchase agreement with FirstFire Global Opportunities Fund, LLC - Between July 8 and August 6, 2025, the company issued over **5.5 million shares of common stock** to Mast Hill and 1800 Diagonal through debt conversions[254](index=254&type=chunk)[255](index=255&type=chunk)[257](index=257&type=chunk)[259](index=259&type=chunk)[260](index=260&type=chunk) - On July 18, 2025, the company entered a securities purchase agreement with FirstFire for a **$201,250 convertible promissory note** and **125,000 common shares**, with net funding of **$169,500**[256](index=256&type=chunk) - On July 30, 2025, the company entered a securities purchase agreement with 1800 Diagonal Lending LLC for a **$151,800 convertible promissory note**, receiving net funding of **$125,000**[258](index=258&type=chunk) [ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS](index=51&type=section&id=ITEM%202.%20MANAGEMENT%27S%20DISCUSSION%20AND%20ANALYSIS%20OF%20FINANCIAL%20CONDITION%20AND%20RESULTS%20OF%20OPERATIONS) This section provides management's perspective on the company's financial condition and operating results for the six months ended June 30, 2025, highlighting strategic repositioning, going concern risk, and financial performance drivers including reduced net loss and improved gross margins [Forward-Looking Statements](index=51&type=section&id=Forward-Looking%20Statements) This section contains forward-looking statements regarding future results, activities, performance, or achievements, which are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties, and actual results may differ materially - Forward-looking statements are identified by words like 'may,' 'will,' 'should,' 'expects,' 'plans,' 'anticipates,' 'believes,' 'estimates,' 'predicts,' 'intends,' 'potential,' 'proposed,' or 'continue'[262](index=262&type=chunk) - Actual results may differ materially and adversely from forward-looking statements due to various factors, and the company undertakes no obligation to update them[262](index=262&type=chunk) [Description of the Company](index=51&type=section&id=Description%20of%20the%20Company) Clean Energy Technologies, Inc. (CETY) designs, produces, and markets clean energy products and integrated solutions, aiming to be a leader in renewable and energy efficiency through four segments: HRS, Waste to Energy, Engineering, and NG Trading - CETY's mission is to be a segment leader in the Zero Emission Revolution by offering recyclable energy solutions, clean energy fuels, and alternative electric power for small and mid-sized projects in North America, Europe, and Asia[275](index=275&type=chunk) - The company's principal businesses include Waste Heat Recovery Solutions (patented Clean Cycle generator), Waste to Energy Solutions (converting waste to electricity, RNG, hydrogen, biochar), Engineering, Consulting and Project Management Solutions, and CETY HK's natural gas trading operations[276](index=276&type=chunk)[277](index=277&type=chunk)[278](index=278&type=chunk) - CETY has four accounting segments: Clean Energy HRS & CETY Europe, CETY Renewables Waste to Energy Solutions, Engineering and Manufacturing Business, and CETY HK (natural gas trading)[265](index=265&type=chunk)[266](index=266&type=chunk) [Summary of Operating Results the Six months Ended June 30, 2025 Compared to the same period in 2024](index=53&type=section&id=Summary%20of%20Operating%20Results%20the%20Six%20months%20Ended%20June%2030%2C%202025%20Compared%20to%20the%20same%20period%20in%202024) For the six months ended June 30, 2025, CETY experienced decreased total revenue but significantly improved gross profit and reduced net loss, driven by higher margins from non-NG operations and lower operating expenses, with substantial growth in stockholders' equity Summary of Operating Results | Metric | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :---------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Total Revenue | $1,028,215 | $1,709,151 | | Gross Profit | $952,210 | $429,035 | | Operating Expense | $830,935 | $1,792,955 | | Net Loss | $(1,420,021) | $(2,251,278) | | Stockholders' Equity (period end) | $7,755,688 | $2,938,502 (Dec 31, 2024) | - **Gross profit margins** improved due to greater contributions from CETY's non-NG business in China, which yields substantially higher margins[282](index=282&type=chunk) - The company is repositioning as a diversified clean energy solutions provider with four segments (HRS, Waste-to-Energy, EPC, CETY HK) to support scalable, stable, and diversified revenue growth[285](index=285&type=chunk) [Results of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025, Compared to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024](index=54&type=section&id=Results%20of%20the%20Six%20Months%20Ended%20June%2030%2C%202025%2C%20Compared%20to%20the%20Six%20Months%20Ended%20June%2030%2C%202024) Net sales decreased year-over-year due to a decline in the China natural gas business, but gross profit increased substantially from higher-margin HRS contributions, while operating expenses decreased, leading to a reduced net loss, though derivative liability and interest fees rose Operating Results Comparison | Metric | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :-------------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Net Sales | $1,028,215 | $1,709,151 | | HRS Revenue | $689,488 | $120,874 | | NG Trading Revenue | $7,130 | $1,219,629 | | Gross Profit | $952,210 | $429,035 | | HRS Gross Profit | $620,374 | $79,889 | | NG Trading Gross Profit | $239 | $9,853 | | SG&A Expenses | $1,783,145 | $2,221,990 | | Salaries Expense | $873,268 | $966,843 | | Professional Fees Legal & Accounting | $333,319 | $353,065 | | Change in Derivative Liability | $112,672 | $0 | | Interest and Finance Fees | $843,859 | $424,743 | | Net Loss | $(1,420,021) | $(2,251,278) | - **HRS revenue** increased significantly by **470.4%** year-over-year, driven by equipment sales and engineering services[290](index=290&type=chunk)[297](index=297&type=chunk) - **NG trading revenue** decreased by **99.4%** due to macroeconomic factors and a strategic decision to reduce focus on lower-margin activities[294](index=294&type=chunk) - **Interest and finance fees** more than doubled, primarily due to two larger interim financings to bridge funding for the Vermont Renewable Project and S-3 registration completion[307](index=307&type=chunk) [Liquidity and Capital Resources](index=56&type=section&id=Liquidity%20and%20Capital%20Resources) The company experienced a significant net increase in cash and cash equivalents for the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily driven by substantial cash provided by financing activities, offsetting continued cash usage in operations Cash Flow Summary | Metric | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :----------------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Net cash (used in) operating activities | $(1,556,984) | $(1,612,034) | | Net cash provided by investing activities | $0 | $83,160 | | Net cash provided by financing activities | $5,903,311 | $1,828,380 | | Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | $4,346,786 | $298,318 | - **Cash and cash equivalents** at the end of the period increased to **$4,408,887** in 2025 from **$387,943** in 2024[19](index=19&type=chunk) [Capital Requirements for Long-Term Obligations](index=57&type=section&id=Capital%20Requirements%20for%20Long-Term%20Obligations) The company currently has no significant capital requirements for long-term obligations - No significant capital requirements for long-term obligations[311](index=311&type=chunk) [Critical Accounting Policies](index=57&type=section&id=Critical%20Accounting%20Policies) The company's critical accounting policies involve significant estimates and assumptions, particularly in revenue recognition under ASC 606, accounting for Shuya's reclassification, and valuation of Series E preferred shares and purchase price allocations - **Revenue recognition** follows ASC 606, applying a five-step model to identify contracts, performance obligations, transaction price, allocation, and recognition[314](index=314&type=chunk)[317](index=317&type=chunk) - For CETY Renewables' EPC projects, revenue is recognized over time using the input method, based on efforts or inputs to satisfy performance obligations[323](index=323&type=chunk)[332](index=332&type=chunk) - The accounting for Shuya involved a change from equity method to consolidation as a VIE in 2023, and then back to equity method in 2024, requiring significant judgment in fair value estimates for assets acquired and liabilities assumed[343](index=343&type=chunk)[345](index=345&type=chunk)[348](index=348&type=chunk) [Future Financing](index=62&type=section&id=Future%20Financing) The company plans to continue relying on equity sales of common shares to fund operations, which will result in dilution for existing stockholders, with no assurance of securing additional financing for future activities - The company will continue to rely on equity sales of common shares for funding, leading to dilution for existing stockholders[350](index=350&type=chunk) - There is no assurance of securing additional equity sales or other financing for future activities[350](index=350&type=chunk) [Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements](index=63&type=section&id=Of%20-Balance%20Sheet%20Arrangements) The company has no significant off-balance sheet arrangements that are material to its financial condition or results of operations - The company has no significant off-balance sheet arrangements[352](index=352&type=chunk) [Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements](index=63&type=section&id=Recently%20Issued%20Accounting%20Pronouncements) The company believes that recently issued accounting standards not yet effective will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial position or results of operations upon adoption - Recently issued accounting standards not yet effective are not expected to have a material impact on financial statements upon adoption[353](index=353&type=chunk) [ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK](index=63&type=section&id=ITEM%203.%20QUANTITATIVE%20AND%20QUALITATIVE%20DISCLOSURES%20ABOUT%20MARKET%20RISK) As a smaller reporting company, Clean Energy Technologies, Inc. is not required to provide quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk - The company is a smaller reporting company and is not required to provide market risk disclosures[354](index=354&type=chunk) [ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES](index=63&type=section&id=ITEM%204.%20CONTROLS%20AND%20PROCEDURES) The company's disclosure controls and procedures were deemed ineffective as of June 30, 2025, with no material changes in internal control over financial reporting during the period [Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures](index=63&type=section&id=Evaluation%20of%20Disclosure%20Controls%20and%20Procedures) Management concluded that the company's disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of June 30, 2025 - Disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of June 30, 2025[355](index=355&type=chunk) [Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting](index=63&type=section&id=Changes%20in%20Internal%20Control%20over%20Financial%20Reporting) There were no material changes in the company's internal control over financial reporting during the six months ended June 30, 2025 - No material changes in internal control over financial reporting during the six months ended June 30, 2025[356](index=356&type=chunk) [PART II. OTHER INFORMATION](index=64&type=section&id=PART%20II.%20OTHER%20INFORMATION) This section provides additional information including legal proceedings, risk factors, equity sales, and exhibits [ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS](index=64&type=section&id=ITEM%201.%20LEGAL%20PROCEEDINGS) The company is not currently involved in any legal proceedings that management believes would have a material adverse effect on its financial position or results of operations - No current legal proceedings are expected to have a material adverse effect on the company's financial position or results of operations[358](index=358&type=chunk) [ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS](index=64&type=section&id=ITEM%201A.%20RISK%20FACTORS) The company refers to the risk factors detailed in its Annual Report on Form 10-K and registration statement on Form S-3, noting that these or other unknown factors could materially impact its business or financial results - Refer to the Annual Report on Form 10-K (filed April 14, 2025) and registration statement on Form S-3 (filed March 13, 2025) for detailed risk factors[359](index=359&type=chunk) - Additional unknown or immaterial risk factors may also impair the business or results of operations[359](index=359&type=chunk) [ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS](index=64&type=section&id=ITEM%202.%20UNREGISTERED%20SALES%20OF%20EQUITY%20SECURITIES%20AND%20USE%20OF%20PROCEEDS) During the period, the company issued a significant number of common shares through unregistered sales, primarily as commitment shares for financing agreements and conversions of convertible promissory notes, under specific registration exemptions - Between April and June 2025, the company issued common stock as commitment shares for financing agreements with Pacific Pier Capital II and Lucas Ventures[360](index=360&type=chunk)[361](index=361&type=chunk)[363](index=363&type=chunk)[366](index=366&type=chunk) - In May 2025, **10,731,704 common shares** were sold to various investors for **$4,400,000** in gross proceeds via a Subscription Agreement[362](index=362&type=chunk) - Numerous common shares were issued to Mast Hill and 1800 Diagonal through conversions of convertible promissory notes, utilizing the Section 3(a)(9) exemption[362](index=362&type=chunk)[363](index=363&type=chunk)[364](index=364&type=chunk)[365](index=365&type=chunk)[366](index=366&type=chunk)[367](index=367&type=chunk)[368](index=368&type=chunk)[369](index=369&type=chunk) [ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES](index=65&type=section&id=ITEM%203.%20DEFAULTS%20UPON%20SENIOR%20SECURITIES) There were no defaults upon senior securities during the reporting period - No defaults upon senior securities[370](index=370&type=chunk) [ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES](index=65&type=section&id=ITEM%204.%20MINE%20SAFETY%20DISCLOSURES) Mine safety disclosures are not applicable to the company - Mine safety disclosures are not applicable[370](index=370&type=chunk) [ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION](index=65&type=section&id=ITEM%205.%20OTHER%20INFORMATION) There is no other information to report in this section - No other information to report[371](index=371&type=chunk) [ITEM 6. EXHIBITS](index=66&type=section&id=ITEM%206.%20EXHIBITS) This section lists all exhibits filed or furnished as part of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including corporate governance documents, various securities purchase agreements, convertible promissory notes, warrants, and certifications, along with interactive data files - Exhibits include corporate governance documents (Articles of Incorporation, Bylaws), numerous securities purchase agreements and convertible promissory notes with various lenders (e.g., Mast Hill, 1800 Diagonal Lending, Pacific Pier Capital II, FirstFire Global Opportunities Fund, LLC), and related warrants[374](index=374&type=chunk)[375](index=375&type=chunk)[376](index=376&type=chunk)[377](index=377&type=chunk)[378](index=378&type=chunk)[380](index=380&type=chunk) - Certifications from the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14 and Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act are filed[379](index=379&type=chunk) - Interactive Data Files (Inline XBRL) are furnished, but are not deemed filed for liability purposes under certain sections of the Securities Act and Exchange Act[379](index=379&type=chunk)

Core Viewpoint - Clean Energy Technologies, Inc. (CETY) is positioned to benefit from federal clean energy tax incentives following the passage of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA), which supports its technologies in waste heat-to-power, biomass combined heat and power, and battery storage [1][2][3] Group 1: Legislative Impact - The OBBBA ensures that CETY's projects remain eligible for Investment Tax Credits (ITC) of up to 30% and Production Tax Credits (PTC) of 1.5 cents per kilowatt-hour, contingent on meeting updated requirements for zero greenhouse gas emissions and compliance with wage standards [2][4] - Projects must have begun construction by December 31, 2024, to qualify under existing IRA-era credits, reinforcing CETY's competitive edge compared to other clean energy technologies facing new limitations [3][4] Group 2: Technology and Solutions - CETY offers a range of clean energy solutions, including waste heat recovery, biomass CHP, and battery storage, which are essential for industrial and commercial facilities aiming to reduce emissions and operating costs [5] - The company utilizes patented technologies to convert waste products into electricity and BioChar, providing eco-friendly energy solutions for various sectors [6] Group 3: Market Position and Future Outlook - CETY's technologies are expected to meet and exceed federal standards, positioning the company as a premier opportunity for investors seeking resilient and profitable clean energy solutions [3][5] - The updated tax credits will gradually phase down starting in 2033 and will sunset by the end of 2035, creating a limited window for capitalizing on these incentives [4]

Core Insights - The energy sector has several oversold stocks that present potential buying opportunities for undervalued companies [1] - The Relative Strength Index (RSI) is a key indicator for identifying oversold conditions, typically below 30 [1] Company Summaries - Clean Energy Technologies Inc (CETY) has an RSI of 29.9, with a recent stock price of $0.25, reflecting a 20% decline over the past month [7] - Black Stone Minerals LP (BSM) has an RSI of 28, with a recent stock price of $12.95, showing a 7% decline over the past five days [7]

Core Insights - Clean Energy Technologies, Inc. (CETY) has signed a Non-Binding Offer (NBO) with a European solar and wind development company, aiming to expand its operations into Europe and tap into the renewable energy market [1][3]. Financial Summary - CETY has secured an initial equity investment of $4,400,000, which will contribute to the estimated total deal size of approximately $85,000,000, contingent on scheduled milestones [2]. Market Expansion - The transaction is expected to provide CETY with a foothold in the lucrative European market for solar and wind power generation, supported by stable government policies that favor long-term growth in renewable energy [3]. Company Overview - CETY is headquartered in Irvine, California, and focuses on zero-emission energy solutions, including waste heat recovery and waste-to-energy technologies, catering to small and mid-sized projects across North America, Europe, and Asia [4]. Stock Information - CETY's common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "CETY" [5].

Financial Performance - For the quarter ended March 31, 2025, total revenue was $791,940, a decrease of 47.7% compared to $1,513,026 for the same period in 2024, primarily due to minimal contributions from the China natural gas business[253]. - Gross profit for the quarter was $728,553, significantly up from $253,005 in the same period in 2024, reflecting improved margins from non-natural gas operations[254]. - The net loss for the quarter was $331,182, an improvement from a loss of $1,419,400 in the same period in 2024, attributed to reduced expenses and stronger margins[256]. - Revenue from the Clean Energy HRS segment was $612,354, a substantial increase from $72,488 in the same period in 2024, indicating a strong pipeline of opportunities[263]. - Revenue from the CETY Renewables segment was $176,105, slightly down from $211,568 in the same period in 2024, expected to stabilize until construction activities commence later this year[264]. - The natural gas business reported revenue of $3,481, a significant decline from $1,219,629 in the same period in 2024, due to macroeconomic factors and a strategic shift away from lower-margin activities[266]. - The net loss for the quarter was $331,231, significantly reduced by 76.7% from a net loss of $1,419,400 in the same period in 2024, attributed to higher-margin revenue from the HRS segment[279]. Operating Expenses - Operating expenses decreased to $824,656 from $1,073,926 year-over-year, driven by lower salary costs and reduced professional fees[255]. - For the quarter ended March 31, 2025, professional fees totaled $66,213, a decrease of 66.7% compared to $199,053 for the same period in 2024[274]. - Facility lease and maintenance expenses were $66,741, down 6.9% from $71,275 in the same period in 2024[275]. - Interest and finance fees increased to $339,821, up 15.1% from $295,193 in the same period in 2024, primarily due to interim financings for the Vermont Renewable Project[278]. Cash Flow and Financing - Net cash used in operating activities was $(776,047), an improvement of 11% compared to $(871,636) in the same period in 2024[281]. - Net cash provided by financing activities was $759,002, down 23.2% from $987,871 in the same period in 2024[281]. - Stockholders' equity increased by $12,657 to $2,951,159 compared to $2,938,502 as of December 31, 2024, primarily due to higher net income[256]. - The company plans to continue funding operations through equity sales, which may dilute existing stockholders[324]. Deferred Revenue and Customer Deposits - As of December 31, 2024, the company had $33,000 of deferred revenue expected to be recognized in Q2 2025[308]. - Outstanding customer deposits as of December 31, 2024, were $128,134, significantly up from $30,061 in 2023[309]. Accounting and Consolidation - The company recognized revenue over time for its biomass power plant construction projects, consistent with ASC 606 criteria[306]. - JHJ made an investment of RMB 3.91 million ($0.55 million) into Shuya during the year ended December 31, 2022, with a net loss of approximately $10,750 allocated to the company[314]. - Effective January 1, 2023, JHJ, SSET, and Xiangyueheng entered a Consistent Action Agreement to consolidate control over Shuya[315]. - Shuya is classified as a variable interest entity (VIE) of JHJ, leading to its consolidation in the financial statements effective January 1, 2023[317]. - The acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method, with JHJ identified as the acquirer based on the Three-Parties Consistent Action Agreement[318]. - The fair value of non-controlling interests at the acquisition date was $650,951, and the total identifiable net assets recognized were $1,207,047[321]. - No goodwill was recognized in the acquisition, as the fair value of the consideration paid equaled the fair value of identifiable net assets[321]. - On January 1, 2024, the Termination Agreement was executed, resulting in the company holding less than 50% of voting rights in Shuya, thus ceasing its consolidation[322]. Market and Risk Disclosures - There are no significant off-balance sheet arrangements that could materially affect the company's financial condition[325]. - The company believes that recently issued accounting standards will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial position upon adoption[326]. - The company is classified as a smaller reporting company and is not required to provide certain market risk disclosures[327]. Future Outlook - CETY anticipates stronger revenue contributions from its Waste-to-Energy, Heat Recovery, and EPC segments in the latter half of the year, which are expected to deliver higher gross margins[256]. - The company is actively scaling its Engineering and project management operations to deliver comprehensive self-generation energy solutions globally[257].

Core Insights - Clean Energy Technologies, Inc. (CETY) is committed to transparency and aims to provide shareholders with a clear understanding of its short-term objectives and long-term strategies [1][2] - The company is focused on adaptability in the clean energy market, aiming to capitalize on opportunities and drive sustainable growth while creating shareholder value [2][4] Company Strategy and Operations - CETY has made strategic moves to tighten operations and focus on areas that align with its strengths, forming partnerships to expand capabilities across multiple applications [4][7] - The Vermont Renewable Gas (VRG) biomass waste to energy project is highlighted as a major milestone, serving as a model for future clean energy infrastructure projects [4][5] - The company has successfully navigated a year-long permitting process for the VRG project, with all necessary permits secured except for the final sign-off from the Public Utility Commission [5] Project Development and Partnerships - CETY is growing its pipeline in heat to power and geothermal sectors, with a $500K project secured in Q1 2025 [6] - Strategic partnerships with Metis Power and Exergy position CETY as a full-scope eco-friendly energy and microgrid solutions provider, leading to multiple project bids under consideration [7][12] - The company collaborates with project developers and private equity partners, providing core technology and execution capabilities while partners lead on financing [12] Market Conditions and Challenges - Macroeconomic factors, such as declining natural gas prices and reduced industrial demand, are expected to lower near-term revenues from natural gas activities [8] - Tariffs are anticipated to affect the cost structure of heat-to-power products, prompting CETY to pursue international manufacturing partnerships to optimize efficiency [9] Financial Highlights - CETY has secured $12 million for construction and a $20 million long-term operations and maintenance agreement, serving as a technology provider and O&M partner [10] Future Directions - The company aims to deliver turnkey clean energy solutions, expand across multiple applications, and strengthen strategic partnerships to offer integrated microgrid and energy systems [18] - CETY prioritizes markets where it can lead, such as industrial manufacturing and data centers, leveraging proprietary technologies for reliable and cost-effective clean energy solutions [18]

IRVINE, CA., April 23, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Clean Energy Technologies, Inc. (NASDAQ:CETY) (the "Company" or "CETY"), a clean energy technology company offering power generation, waste to energy, and heat to power solutions to deliver affordable, scalable, and eco-friendly energy, clean fuels, and alternative electricity for a sustainable future, is pleased to announce a strategic agreement with Sagacity, a new company specializing in advanced design, manufacturing, and system integration, with a strong ...

Revenue Performance - For the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024, the company reported total revenue of $2,424,659, a significant decrease from $6,693,844 in 2023, reflecting a strategic shift and lower demand in certain segments [263]. - The revenue from CETY Renewables, the newly launched waste-to-energy business, increased to $1,064,757 in 2024 from $429,999 in 2023, driven by progress in the VRG project [266]. - The revenue from the natural gas business dropped to $1,192,420 in 2024, down from $5,719,170 in 2023, primarily due to lower demand in China and increased competition [267]. Profitability and Loss - Gross profit for the year ending December 31, 2024, increased to $846,555 compared to $460,835 in 2023, despite a decline in revenue, indicating improved operational efficiencies [268]. - The gross profit from CETY Renewables rose to $829,784 in 2024, up from $355,303 in 2023, highlighting the profitability of the higher-margin waste-to-energy segment [270]. - The company experienced a net loss of $4,416,319 for the fiscal year 2024, an improvement from the net loss of $5,782,666 in 2023, attributed to a shift in revenue mix [261]. - Net loss from operations increased to $3,112,847 in 2024 compared to a net loss of $2,925,984 in 2023, attributed to team expansion and revenue decline in the NG business [280]. Financial Position - As of December 31, 2024, the company had total stockholder's equity of $2,938,502 and an accumulated deficit of $27,443,231, indicating ongoing financial challenges [260]. - The company will continue to rely on equity sales of common shares for funding, with potential dilution to existing stockholders [325]. - There are no significant off-balance sheet arrangements that could materially affect the company's financial condition [326]. Operational Efficiency - Selling, General and Administrative (SG&A) expenses increased to $797,518 in 2024 from $679,004 in 2023, driven by investments in media, marketing, and IT infrastructure [272]. - Total salaries rose to $1,906,701 in 2024, up from $1,570,909 in 2023, primarily due to the expansion of the CETY Renewables team and salary increases in China [273]. - Travel expenses decreased to $185,876 in 2024 from $247,124 in 2023, reflecting reduced travel costs from the US and Europe [274]. - Facility lease expenses slightly decreased to $285,823 in 2024 from $310,004 in 2023, due to renegotiations and improved space utilization [275]. - Interest and finance fees decreased to $1,199,042 in 2024 from $2,137,649 in 2023, primarily due to reduced convertible notes and bridge financing fees [283]. - Cash flow used in operating activities improved to $(3,560,951) in 2024 from $(4,783,077) in 2023 [285]. - The company recorded a gain of $8,135 in debt settlement for 2024, compared to a loss of $1,124,654 in 2023 [282]. - Professional fees increased to $578,937 in 2024 from $356,785 in 2023, mainly due to costs associated with a new auditor and SEC filings [279]. - Bad debt expense remained at $0 for both 2024 and 2023, indicating effective credit management [277]. Strategic Initiatives - The company has established CETY Capital to fund renewable energy projects, enhancing its capacity to support clean energy initiatives [247]. - The strategic decision to discontinue involvement in the Shuya operations reflects a focus on core competencies in waste-to-energy and heat recovery solutions [250]. - The company aims to expand its higher-margin renewable energy and waste-to-energy solutions to drive sustainable profitability moving forward [268]. Deferred Revenue and Customer Deposits - As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the company had deferred revenue of $33,000, expected to be recognized in Q2 2025 [311]. - Outstanding customer deposits as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 were $30,061 and $165,236, respectively [312]. Accounting and Reporting - Effective January 1, 2023, the company consolidated Shuya as a variable interest entity (VIE) due to a Consistent Action Agreement among shareholders [318]. - The fair value of non-controlling interests on January 1, 2023, was recorded at $650,951, with total identifiable net assets recognized at $1,207,047 [322]. - The company believes that the impact of recently issued accounting standards will not materially affect its consolidated financial position or results of operations upon adoption [327]. - The company is classified as a smaller reporting company and is not required to provide certain market risk disclosures [328].