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Mercer(MERC) - 2023 Q2 - Quarterly Report
2023-08-03 22:24
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-Q ☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023 OR ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from _______ to _______ Commission File No.: 000-51826 MERCER INTERNATIONAL INC. (Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) Washington 47-0956945 (State or other j ...
Mercer(MERC) - 2023 Q1 - Earnings Call Transcript
2023-05-05 19:40
Mercer International Inc. (NASDAQ:MERC) Q1 2023 Earnings Conference Call May 5, 2023 10:00 AM ET Company Participants David Ure - SVP, Finance and CFO Juan Carlos Bueno - President and CEO Conference Call Participants Sean Stewart - TD Securities Paul Quinn - RBC Capital Markets Hamir Patel - CIBC Capital Markets Richard Stevens - Momenta Operator Good morning and welcome to Mercer International’s First Quarter 2023 Earnings Conference Call. On the call today is Juan Carlos Bueno, President and Chief Execut ...
Mercer(MERC) - 2023 Q1 - Quarterly Report
2023-05-04 20:45
Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-Q UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION For the transition period from _______ to _______ Commission File No.: 000-51826 MERCER INTERNATIONAL INC. (Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) ☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Washington 47-0956945 For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023 OR ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Indicate by chec ...
Mercer(MERC) - 2022 Q4 - Earnings Call Transcript
2023-02-17 18:37
Mercer International Inc. (NASDAQ:MERC) Q4 2022 Earnings Conference Call February 17, 2023 10:00 AM ET Company Representatives Juan Carlos Bueno - President, Chief Executive Officer David Ure - Senior Vice President, Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary Conference Call Participants Kasia Kopytek - TD Securities Paul Quinn - RBC Capital Markets Andrew Kuske - Credit Suisse Operator Good morning and welcome to Mercer International???s, Fourth Quarter 2022 Earnings Conference Call. On the call today ...
Mercer(MERC) - 2022 Q4 - Annual Report
2023-02-16 21:42
Production Capacity and Operations - The company has a consolidated annual production capacity of approximately 2.3 million ADMTs of kraft pulp, with 88% being NBSK pulp[24]. - The solid wood segment has an aggregate capacity of approximately 960 MMfbm of lumber and 140,000 m³ of cross-laminated timber (CLT)[31]. - The company operates four modern pulp mills, which provide advantages in manufacturing costs and efficiency compared to older competitors' mills[25]. - The Stendal mill has an annual production capacity of approximately 740,000 ADMTs and generates 148 MW of electricity[27]. - The Peace River mill has a production capacity of approximately 475,000 ADMTs and generates 70 MW of electricity[27]. - The Friesau mill has an annual production capacity of approximately 550 MMfbm of lumber and 13 MW of electrical generation[5]. - The Torgau facility has an annual production capacity of approximately 410 MMfbm of lumber, 17 million pallets, and can produce up to 230,000 metric tonnes of biofuels[5]. - The Mercer Mass Timber facility represents approximately 20% of North American CLT capacity with an annual production capacity of 140,000 m³[33]. Financial Performance - In 2022, pulp production was 1,878.6 thousand ADMTs, while pulp sales reached 1,917.7 thousand ADMTs, generating revenues of $1,686.37 million[26]. - The company produced and sold 751,720 MWh of surplus electricity in 2022, resulting in revenues of $167.52 million from electricity sales[29]. - In 2022, the company generated $12.23 million in revenue from chemicals produced as a by-product of pulp production[29]. - Lumber production for 2022 was 442.2 MMfbm, a slight decrease from 447.9 MMfbm in 2021[35]. - Lumber revenues for 2022 were $288,002,000, down from $293,166,000 in 2021[35]. - Pulp segment revenues for 2022 totaled $1,866.1 million, a 26% increase from $1,483.1 million in 2021[119]. - Solid wood segment revenues for 2022 reached $408.5 million, up from $313.5 million in 2021[121]. Capital Expenditures and Investments - Capital expenditures for 2022 amounted to $177.8 million, compared to $158.7 million in 2021[132]. - In 2023, total capital expenditures are expected to be between $175.0 million and $200.0 million[138]. - The Torgau facility was acquired for approximately $263.2 million on September 30, 2022[43]. - The company is investing in a pilot lignin plant at the Rosenthal mill to explore commercial opportunities for lignin[143]. - Total capital expenditures on environmental projects were approximately $4.8 million in 2022, $8.4 million in 2021, and are expected to be approximately $13.8 million in 2023[145]. Market and Pricing - The average European list price for NBSK pulp fluctuated between approximately $790 per ADMT in 2016 and $1,500 per ADMT in 2022[61]. - NBSK pulp list prices in Europe increased from $1,260/ADMT in 2021 to $1,425/ADMT in 2022, while North America saw an increase from $1,450/ADMT to $1,720/ADMT[63]. - In China, the net price for NBSK pulp rose from $760/ADMT in 2021 to $885/ADMT in 2022[63]. - In 2022, energy sales from German mills amounted to approximately $168.2 million, generating 694,124 MWh of electricity[87]. - Canadian mills sold approximately 167,178 MWh of renewable electricity in 2022, resulting in proceeds of approximately $25.0 million[89]. Fiber and Production Costs - Fiber costs represented about 50% of pulp cash production costs in 2022, while sawlogs accounted for approximately 75% of lumber cash production costs[91]. - In 2022, the German pulp mills consumed approximately 4.7 million m³ of fiber, with 58% being pulp logs and 42% sawmill wood chips[100]. - The Stendal mill's fiber consumption consisted of approximately 67% spruce, 31% pine, and 2% other species in 2022[101]. - The Friesau mill and Torgau facility utilize sawlogs and waste wood, achieving fiber utilization and logistics synergies[71]. - Wood fiber accounted for approximately 75% of cash costs for lumber production in 2022[104]. - In 2022, Canadian mills consumed about 4.3 million m³ of fiber, with 47% from sawmill wood chips and 53% from pulp logs[108]. Sustainability and Environmental Initiatives - The company is actively engaged in wood certification processes to ensure sustainable sourcing of fiber, which may impact operating costs if market demands change[97]. - The company has a commitment to sustainability, enhancing environmental tracking and reporting systems across all facilities[192]. - The company has validated its greenhouse gas reduction targets with the Science Based Target Initiative, aiming for a trajectory well below a 2 degrees Celsius increase[192]. - The New German Facility includes sustainability-linked terms, allowing for interest rate adjustments of up to 0.05% per annum based on sustainability targets[202]. - The focus on climate change has generated a substantial increase in demand for carbon neutral or green energy[159]. - The company is exploring initiatives to enhance the generation and sales of surplus green energy and chemical by-products[161]. Workforce and Corporate Strategy - The company employs approximately 3,320 people, with 2,315 in German operations, 910 in Canadian operations, and 60 in U.S. operations[172]. - The pulp segment employs approximately 1,806 people, while the solid wood segment employs approximately 1,429 people[172]. - The corporate strategy includes sustainable growth through acquisitions and targeted capital expenditures[44]. - The company recognizes the importance of maintaining competitive compensation and benefits packages to attract and retain talent[174]. - The company aims for women to comprise 30% of new hires by 2030, currently holding 30% of board positions and 25% of senior management roles[183]. - The company has partnered with a global management consulting firm to advance gender parity and diversity in its workforce[186]. Regulatory and Compliance - The Canadian federal government began phasing in a federal carbon tax pricing system as of January 1, 2023, affecting several provinces and territories[153]. - The company believes it has obtained all required environmental permits and is in material compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations[149]. - As of December 31, 2022, all subsidiaries are restricted, affecting the company's credit rating and borrowing costs[196][435]. - The company is rated B+ by S&P and Ba3 by Moody's, with stable outlooks confirmed in December 2022[436]. Health and Safety - The company has implemented a "Road to Zero" health and safety program aimed at achieving zero workplace incidents[177].
Mercer(MERC) - 2022 Q3 - Earnings Call Transcript
2022-10-29 14:24
Mercer International Inc. (NASDAQ:MERC) Q3 2022 Earnings Conference Call October 28, 2022 10:00 AM ET Company Participants Juan Carlos Beuno - President and Chief Executive Officer David Ure - Senior Vice President, Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary Conference Call Participants Sean Stewart - TD securities Hamir Patel - CIBC Capital Markets Andrew Kuske - Credit Suisse Matthew McKellar - RBS Capital Markets Dennis Collins - Stifel Operator Hello and welcome to Mercer International???s Third Qua ...
Mercer(MERC) - 2022 Q2 - Earnings Call Transcript
2022-07-29 20:03
Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company achieved EBITDA of approximately $145 million in Q2 2022, down from roughly $155 million in Q1 2022, primarily due to planned maintenance downtime despite strong demand and higher prices for pulp and lumber [6][12] - Consolidated net income for the quarter was $71 million, or $1.08 per basic share, compared to net income of $89 million, or $1.35 per basic share in Q1 2022 [12] - Cash generated in Q2 totaled approximately $84 million, an increase from $65 million in Q1 2022, driven by lower accounts receivable balances [13][14] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - The pulp segment contributed quarterly EBITDA of roughly $102 million, while the wood product segment achieved record quarterly EBITDA of $49 million [8] - Average pulp prices increased in all major markets, with the Q2 average NBSK net price in China at $1,008 per tonne, up $109 from Q1, and European list prices averaging $1,437 per tonne, up from $1,330 in Q1 [9] - Average lumber realizations increased in Q2, with the Random Lengths' benchmark for Western S-P-F 2 and Better averaging $866 per 1,000 board feet, down $408 from the previous quarter [10] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - Demand for pulp remained stable in Q2, with supply constraints pushing prices higher [9] - In the U.S., lumber prices weakened significantly late in the quarter, with current benchmark prices at $670 per thousand board feet [11] - European electricity prices remained elevated, contributing to strong electricity sales, with prices around $200 per megawatt hour [12] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company is focused on growth through the recent acquisition of Holzindustrie Torgau, which will diversify revenue streams and enhance production capacity [35] - An aggressive capital expenditure program is in place for 2022, targeting high-return projects that drive new product development and productivity improvements [26] - The company is investing in innovation, including a lignin development center and expansion projects at its Spokane mass timber plant [29][30] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management noted inflationary pressures from rising costs of natural gas, chemicals, and fiber, but emphasized strong electricity revenues offsetting some of these costs [16] - The outlook for the lumber market remains positive despite recent volatility, with expectations of modest strengthening in U.S. prices [21][22] - Management expressed confidence in the company's ability to navigate challenges posed by natural gas shortages in Europe, highlighting operational flexibility [45][46] Other Important Information - The company has a strong liquidity position of approximately $771 million, supporting its acquisition and capital spending plans [14] - A quarterly dividend of $0.075 per share was approved for shareholders of record on September 28, 2022 [15] Q&A Session Summary Question: Capital spend planned for upgrades to the sawmill after Torgau acquisition? - The company will follow the existing CapEx plan set by Torgau and explore identified synergies [43] Question: Impact of natural gas shortages on industry-wide production? - Management acknowledged concerns over gas shortages but stated the company is well-equipped to handle them [45][46] Question: Production plan for HIT and expected focus on pallets versus commodity lumber? - The company aims to optimize production capabilities at HIT, balancing between pallets and higher-value lumber [48][49] Question: Timeline for Stendal mill recovery and business interruption insurance proceeds? - The Stendal mill is expected to reach 80% capacity by the end of the quarter, with insurance claims taking several months to settle [56][58] Question: Future business positioning and growth prospects? - Management sees a bright future with growth driven by the HIT acquisition and investments in Spokane [68][70] Question: Consideration of lower leverage for optimal cost of capital? - The company is targeting lower leverage levels and is aware of the importance of maintaining a balanced capital structure [89]
Mercer(MERC) - 2022 Q2 - Quarterly Report
2022-07-28 20:51
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION [Financial Statements](index=2&type=section&id=ITEM%201.%20FINANCIAL%20STATEMENTS) Unaudited interim statements show significant growth in revenue and net income, driven by strong sales realizations - The interim financial statements are prepared per U.S. GAAP and include all necessary adjustments for fair presentation[20](index=20&type=chunk) [Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations](index=3&type=section&id=Interim%20Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Operations) Revenues and net income increased substantially in Q2 and H1 2022, driving significant growth in diluted EPS Q2 & H1 2022 vs 2021 Performance (in thousands USD, except per share data) | Metric | Q2 2022 | Q2 2021 | YTD 2022 | YTD 2021 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Revenues** | $572,326 | $401,832 | $1,165,067 | $814,552 | | **Operating Income** | $114,031 | $51,836 | $236,382 | $102,865 | | **Net Income** | $71,372 | $21,415 | $160,269 | $27,348 | | **Diluted EPS** | $1.07 | $0.32 | $2.41 | $0.41 | | **Dividends Declared per Share** | $0.075 | $0.065 | $0.150 | $0.130 | [Interim Consolidated Balance Sheets](index=4&type=section&id=Interim%20Consolidated%20Balance%20Sheets) Total assets and shareholders' equity grew as of June 30, 2022, supported by an increase in cash and equivalents Balance Sheet Comparison (in thousands USD) | Account | June 30, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Total Current Assets** | $1,169,114 | $1,064,305 | | Cash and cash equivalents | $419,861 | $345,610 | | **Total Assets** | $2,415,716 | $2,351,232 | | **Total Liabilities** | $1,663,594 | $1,657,208 | | Long-term debt | $1,245,906 | $1,237,545 | | **Total Shareholders' Equity** | $752,122 | $694,024 | [Interim Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows](index=6&type=section&id=Interim%20Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Cash%20Flows) Net cash from operations more than doubled in H1 2022, driven by higher net income despite increased investing activities Cash Flow Summary - Six Months Ended June 30 (in thousands USD) | Cash Flow Activity | 2022 | 2021 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Net cash from operating activities** | $223,351 | $111,440 | | **Net cash used in investing activities** | ($148,344) | ($68,656) | | **Net cash from (used in) financing activities** | $5,189 | ($16,751) | | **Net increase in cash** | $74,251 | $23,436 | [Notes to the Interim Consolidated Financial Statements](index=7&type=section&id=Notes%20to%20the%20Interim%20Consolidated%20Financial%20Statements) Notes detail segment performance, debt structure, and significant subsequent events including a mill fire and a major acquisition - The company operates two reportable segments: **Pulp and Wood Products**[61](index=61&type=chunk) - On July 1, 2022, a fire occurred in the woodyard of the Stendal mill, with damages expected to be **covered by insurance**[82](index=82&type=chunk) - On July 22, 2022, the company agreed to acquire Holzindustrie Torgau (HIT) for **€270 million**, funded with cash and credit facilities[82](index=82&type=chunk) [Management's Discussion and Analysis (MD&A)](index=22&type=section&id=ITEM%202.%20MANAGEMENT'S%20DISCUSSION%20AND%20ANALYSIS%20OF%20FINANCIAL%20CONDITION%20AND%20RESULTS%20OF%20OPERATIONS) Strong Q2 results were driven by high sales realizations and a stronger USD, offsetting inflationary cost pressures - **Operating EBITDA**, a non-GAAP measure, increased 73% to **$145.1 million** in Q2 2022 from $83.8 million in Q2 2021[86](index=86&type=chunk)[101](index=101&type=chunk)[114](index=114&type=chunk) - The Q3 outlook anticipates **stable pulp prices**, attractive lumber prices, and strong German energy prices[95](index=95&type=chunk) [Results of Operations](index=25&type=section&id=Results%20of%20Operations) Consolidated revenue and operating income grew significantly, driven by higher pricing and strong performance in both segments Segment Operating Income (in thousands USD) | Segment | Q2 2022 | Q2 2021 | YTD 2022 | YTD 2021 | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Pulp** | $75,471 | $13,338 | $161,707 | $38,634 | | **Wood Products** | $45,853 | $42,314 | $86,332 | $70,291 | | **Total Operating Income** | $114,031 | $51,836 | $236,382 | $102,865 | - Costs and expenses in Q2 2022 increased by 31% to **$458.3 million**, driven by higher pulp sales volumes and inflationary pressure[108](index=108&type=chunk) [Liquidity and Capital Resources](index=32&type=section&id=Liquidity%20and%20Capital%20Resources) The company maintains a robust liquidity position of approximately $771.1 million, sufficient for near-term capital needs Liquidity Position as of June 30, 2022 (in thousands USD) | Component | Amount | | :--- | :--- | | Cash and cash equivalents | $419,861 | | Term deposit | $75,000 | | Available under credit facilities | ~$276,200 | | **Total Aggregate Liquidity** | **~$771,100** | - Capital expenditures for the first six months of 2022 totaled **$80.3 million**, primarily for mill upgrades and optimization projects[161](index=161&type=chunk)[166](index=166&type=chunk) [Cyclical Nature of Business](index=37&type=section&id=Cyclical%20Nature%20of%20Business) Pulp and lumber businesses are highly cyclical, with profitability sensitive to commodity prices and foreign exchange rates - Pulp and lumber markets are **commodity-driven and cyclical**, with competition based primarily on price[192](index=192&type=chunk) - A **strengthening U.S. dollar is beneficial** to operating margins as most costs are in euros and Canadian dollars[200](index=200&type=chunk) [Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk](index=38&type=section&id=ITEM%203.%20QUANTITATIVE%20AND%20QUALITATIVE%20DISCLOSURES%20ABOUT%20MARKET%20RISK) The company is exposed to market risks from interest rate and foreign currency fluctuations, managed via internal policies - The company's primary market risks are **interest rate changes and foreign currency fluctuations** (USD vs EUR and CAD)[201](index=201&type=chunk) [Controls and Procedures](index=39&type=section&id=ITEM%204.%20CONTROLS%20AND%20PROCEDURES) Management concluded that disclosure controls and procedures were effective, with no material changes to internal controls - The principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the company's **disclosure controls and procedures are effective**[203](index=203&type=chunk) - There were **no material changes in internal control** over financial reporting during the quarter[205](index=205&type=chunk) PART II. OTHER INFORMATION [Legal Proceedings](index=40&type=section&id=ITEM%201.%20LEGAL%20PROCEEDINGS) The company is subject to routine litigation not expected to have a material adverse effect on its business - The company is cooperating with a European Commission **cartel investigation** into the wood pulp sector which began in 2021[83](index=83&type=chunk) [Risk Factors](index=40&type=section&id=ITEM%201A.%20RISK%20FACTORS) Inflation is a key risk factor, as rising input costs could increase manufacturing expenses and reduce margins - A new material risk factor is **continued inflationary pressures** on production and transportation costs, which could adversely affect margins[208](index=208&type=chunk)[209](index=209&type=chunk) [Exhibits](index=41&type=section&id=ITEM%206.%20EXHIBITS) This section lists filed exhibits, including CEO/CFO certifications and iXBRL-formatted financial statements - Filed exhibits include **Section 302 and 906 certifications** by the CEO and CFO, and iXBRL data files for the financial statements[212](index=212&type=chunk)
Mercer(MERC) - 2022 Q1 - Earnings Call Transcript
2022-04-29 19:09
Mercer International, Inc. (NASDAQ:MERC) Q1 2022 Earnings Conference Call April 29, 2022 10:00 AM ET Company Participants David Gandossi - President, CEO & Director David Ure - EVP, CFO & Secretary Conference Call Participants Hamir Patel - CIBC Capital Markets Andrew Kuske - Cr??dit Suisse Andrew Shapiro - Lawndale Capital Management Matthew McKellar - RBC Capital Markets Kasia Kopytek - TD Securities Operator Good morning, and welcome to Mercer International's Fourth Quarter 2021 Earnings Conference Call. ...
Mercer(MERC) - 2022 Q1 - Quarterly Report
2022-04-28 21:10
Financial Performance - Total revenues for the first quarter of 2022 increased by approximately 44% to a record $592.7 million from $412.7 million in the same quarter of 2021, primarily due to higher sales realizations, pulp sales volumes, and energy sales [97]. - Net income for the first quarter of 2022 was $88.9 million, or $1.35 per basic share, compared to net income of $5.9 million, or $0.09 per share, in the same quarter of 2021 [105]. - Operating EBITDA increased by approximately 88% to $154.5 million from $82.0 million in the same quarter of 2021, driven by higher sales realizations and pulp sales volumes [106]. - Cash provided by operating activities was $68.8 million in Q1 2022 compared to $30.3 million in Q1 2021 [128]. - Capital expenditures in Q1 2022 were $33.3 million, primarily related to upgrades at Canadian mills [129]. - As of March 31, 2022, cash and cash equivalents were $410.7 million, with total assets of $2,456.9 million [132]. Revenue Breakdown - Pulp segment revenues reached $485.9 million, up from $339.8 million, while wood products segment revenues increased to $101.0 million from $71.0 million [93]. - Energy and chemical revenues increased by 76% to $46.2 million from $26.3 million, primarily due to higher energy prices in Germany, which were more than double those in the same quarter of 2021 [98]. - Lumber revenues increased by approximately 37% to a record $92.4 million in Q1 2022 from $67.3 million in Q1 2021 [120]. - Average NBSK pulp sales realizations increased by approximately 22% to $812 per ADMT in Q1 2022 from approximately $668 per ADMT in Q1 2021 [114]. - Average lumber sales realizations increased by approximately 35% to $840 per Mfbm in Q1 2022 from approximately $622 per Mfbm in Q1 2021 [123]. Production and Sales Volumes - Pulp production increased by approximately 3% to 492,288 ADMTs, while pulp sales volumes rose to 505.1 ADMTs from 418.6 ADMTs in the same quarter of 2021 [110]. - Total pulp sales volumes increased by approximately 14% to 555,035 ADMTs in Q1 2022 from 487,678 ADMTs in Q1 2021 [112]. - The company anticipates continued upward pricing pressure on pulp prices due to current supply-demand dynamics, while lumber prices are expected to remain at historically strong levels [88]. Costs and Expenses - Costs and expenses increased by approximately 30% to $470.4 million, primarily due to higher per unit fiber costs and energy, freight, and chemical costs [99]. - Costs and expenses in Q1 2022 increased by approximately 27% to $399.7 million from $314.6 million in Q1 2021 [116]. - The company expects per unit fiber costs to increase in Q2 2022 due to continued strong demand [117]. Market Dynamics - The pulp and lumber markets are highly cyclical, with prices influenced by global economic conditions, industry capacity, and foreign exchange rates [159]. - The company is exposed to fluctuations in prices and demand for lumber, which could adversely impact its operations [154]. - Oversupply in the pulp and lumber markets can prolong weak pricing environments, affecting the company's operating results [160]. - The company's profitability is significantly affected by raw material costs, which are subject to cyclical fluctuations [165]. - The company operates in a highly cyclical industry, with revenues affected by global economic conditions, industry capacity, and foreign exchange rates, leading to potential price volatility [159]. Risks and Compliance - The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic poses risks that could materially affect the company's business and financial position [154]. - The company faces intense competition in the forest products industry, which could adversely affect its ability to compete [154]. - The company relies on third parties for transportation services, which could disrupt operations if issues arise [156]. - The company may incur substantial costs due to compliance with environmental regulations, which could impact financial results [156]. - The company faces risks related to compliance with trade and export laws, which could adversely impact operations [157]. - Changes in credit ratings could adversely affect the company's cost of financing and market price of its securities [156]. Currency and Pricing Fluctuations - Currency fluctuations can adversely affect the company's operating margins, as costs in Germany and Canada are incurred in euros and Canadian dollars, respectively, while sales are primarily in dollars [166]. - The dollar strengthened by approximately 2% against the euro and weakened by approximately 1% against the Canadian dollar since December 31, 2021 [146]. - The company's sales prices are net of customer discounts and rebates, which can affect overall revenue realization [163]. Sustainability and Standards - The company voluntarily complies with internationally recognized sustainable management standards, which are increasingly important to customers [162]. - The company recorded a net non-cash decrease of $10.5 million in the carrying value of net assets due to foreign currency fluctuations [145].