Part I. Financial Information This part details the Company's financial performance, condition, and related disclosures for the reporting period [Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements](index=3&type=section&id=Item%201.%20Consolidated%20Financial%20Statements) This section presents the unaudited consolidated financial statements of Safety Insurance Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries for the periods ended June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, along with detailed notes explaining accounting policies, financial performance, and specific financial items [Consolidated Balance Sheets](index=3&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Balance%20Sheets) This section presents the Company's financial position, including assets, liabilities, and equity at specific dates Consolidated Balance Sheet Highlights (Dollars in thousands) | Metric | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :------------ | :---------------- | | Total Assets | $2,364,208 | $2,270,090 | | Total Liabilities | $1,490,944 | $1,441,626 | | Total Shareholders' Equity | $873,264 | $828,464 | | Losses and loss adjustment expense reserves | $685,941 | $671,669 | | Unearned premium reserves | $659,464 | $619,916 | | Fixed maturities, available for sale, at fair value | $1,188,337 | $1,115,218 | | Equity securities, at fair value | $235,352 | $221,422 | [Consolidated Statements of Operations](index=4&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Operations) This section details the Company's revenues, expenses, and net income over specific periods Consolidated Statements of Operations Highlights (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) | Metric | Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Net earned premiums | $282,113 | $246,944 | $554,803 | $482,997 | | Total revenue | $316,344 | $269,783 | $617,773 | $538,016 | | Net income | $28,937 | $16,636 | $50,833 | $36,714 | | Basic EPS | $1.95 | $1.13 | $3.44 | $2.49 | | Diluted EPS | $1.95 | $1.13 | $3.43 | $2.48 | | Cash dividends paid per common share | $0.90 | $0.90 | $1.80 | $1.80 | - Net earned premiums **increased by** **14.2%** for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and by **14.9%** for the six months ended June 30, 2025, compared to the prior year periods[10](index=10&type=chunk) - Net income **increased by** **73.9%** for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and by **38.4%** for the six months ended June 30, 2025, compared to the prior year periods[10](index=10&type=chunk) [Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)](index=5&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Comprehensive%20Income%20(Loss)) This section reports net income and other comprehensive income (loss) components for the periods presented Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) Highlights (Dollars in thousands) | Metric | Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Net income | $28,937 | $16,636 | $50,833 | $36,714 | | Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | $5,917 | ($1,217) | $18,193 | ($6,652) | | Comprehensive income | $34,854 | $15,419 | $69,026 | $30,062 | - Comprehensive income **increased by** **126.0%** for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and by **129.6%** for the six months ended June 30, 2025, **primarily due to** positive unrealized holding gains on investments[13](index=13&type=chunk) [Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity](index=6&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Changes%20in%20Shareholders'%20Equity) This section outlines changes in shareholders' equity, including net income, dividends, and other comprehensive income Shareholders' Equity Changes (Dollars in thousands) | Metric | Balance at Dec 31, 2024 | Net Income (Jan 1 - Jun 30, 2025) | Unrealized Gains on Securities (Jan 1 - Jun 30, 2025) | Dividends Paid (Jan 1 - Jun 30, 2025) | Balance at Jun 30, 2025 | | :--------------------------------------- | :---------------------- | :-------------------------------- | :---------------------------------------------------- | :------------------------------------ | :---------------------- | | Total Shareholders' Equity | $828,464 | $50,833 | $18,193 | ($26,754) | $873,264 | - **Total shareholders' equity increased from** **$828,464 thousand** at December 31, 2024, to **$873,264 thousand** at June 30, 2025, driven by net income and unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities, partially offset by dividends[15](index=15&type=chunk) [Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows](index=7&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Cash%20Flows) This section summarizes cash inflows and outflows from operating, investing, and financing activities Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Highlights (Six Months Ended June 30, Dollars in thousands) | Metric | 2025 | 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :----- | :----- | | Net cash provided by operating activities | $35,496 | $4,454 | | Net cash (used for) provided by investing activities | ($18,217) | $28,821 | | Net cash used for financing activities | ($26,844) | ($26,848) | | Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | ($9,565) | $6,427 | | Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $49,409 | $44,579 | - Net cash **provided by operating activities significantly increased to** **$35,496 thousand** in H1 2025 from **$4,454 thousand** in H1 2024[17](index=17&type=chunk) - Investing activities **shifted from** **providing** **$28,821 thousand** in cash in H1 2024 to **using** **$18,217 thousand** in H1 2025[17](index=17&type=chunk) [Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements](index=8&type=section&id=Notes%20to%20Unaudited%20Consolidated%20Financial%20Statements) This section provides detailed explanations and disclosures supporting the consolidated financial statements [Note 1. Basis of Presentation](index=8&type=section&id=Note%201.%20Basis%20of%20Presentation) This note describes the Company's business, accounting principles, and the basis for financial statement preparation - The Company is a **leading provider** of property and casualty insurance, **primarily focused on** the Massachusetts market, with automobile insurance as its principal product line[24](index=24&type=chunk) - The Massachusetts Property Insurance Underwriting Association (FAIR Plan) **restructured on** April 1, 2024, transitioning from a profit/loss sharing partnership to a stand-alone entity[25](index=25&type=chunk) [Note 2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements](index=8&type=section&id=Note%202.%20Recent%20Accounting%20Pronouncements) This note discusses the impact of newly adopted and upcoming accounting standards on the Company's financials - ASU 2023-07 (Segment Reporting) became effective for interim periods starting January 1, 2025, with **no material impact** on the Company's financial position, results of operations, or cash flows[26](index=26&type=chunk)[27](index=27&type=chunk) - The Company operates with **one reportable operating segment**: property and casualty insurance operations[28](index=28&type=chunk) - ASU 2023-09 (Income Taxes) and ASU 2024-03 (Income Statement Expense Disaggregation) are effective for fiscal years starting January 1, 2025, and January 1, 2027, respectively, and are **not expected to impact** financial position, results, or cash flows, though disclosure impacts are being evaluated[30](index=30&type=chunk)[31](index=31&type=chunk) [Note 3. Earnings per Weighted Average Common Share](index=9&type=section&id=Note%203.%20Earnings%20per%20Weighted%20Average%20Common%20Share) This note provides details on the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share Earnings per Weighted Average Common Share (EPS) | Metric | Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Basic EPS | $1.95 | $1.13 | $3.44 | $2.49 | | Diluted EPS | $1.95 | $1.13 | $3.43 | $2.48 | | Cash dividends paid per common share | $0.90 | $0.90 | $1.80 | $1.80 | [Note 4. Share-Based Compensation](index=10&type=section&id=Note%204.%20Share-Based%20Compensation) This note outlines the Company's share-based incentive plans and related compensation expenses - The Amended 2018 Long-Term Incentive Plan has a **pool of** **700,000 shares** of common stock available for issuance, with **236,326 shares remaining available** for future grants as of June 30, 2025[36](index=36&type=chunk)[38](index=38&type=chunk) - Unrecognized compensation expense for non-vested restricted stock awards **totaled** **$7,786 thousand** as of June 30, 2025, expected to be recognized over a **weighted average period of** **1.7 years**[46](index=46&type=chunk) Restricted Stock Activity (Six Months Ended June 30, 2025) | Metric | Shares Under Restriction | Weighted Average Fair Value | | :--------------------------------------- | :----------------------- | :-------------------------- | | Outstanding at beginning of year | 63,522 | $83.60 | | Granted | 41,178 | $79.67 | | Vested and unrestricted | (35,188) | $84.77 | | Forfeited | (291) | $82.53 | | Outstanding at end of period | 69,221 | $82.85 | [Note 5. Investments](index=12&type=section&id=Note%205.%20Investments) This note details the composition, fair value, and performance of the Company's investment portfolio Investment Portfolio Summary (Dollars in thousands) | Metric | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :------------ | :---------------- | | Total investments | $1,580,108 | $1,513,059 | | Gross Unrealized Gains | $44,266 | $33,002 | | Gross Unrealized Losses | ($58,766) | ($77,455) | | Net Investment Income (3 months) | $15,724 | $13,500 | | Net Investment Income (6 months) | $30,298 | $28,731 | - The Company's investment portfolio included **795 securities** in an unrealized loss position at June 30, 2025[49](index=49&type=chunk) - The **Allowance for Expected Credit Losses was** **$1,453 thousand** at June 30, 2025, up from **$1,198 thousand** at December 31, 2024[48](index=48&type=chunk)[65](index=65&type=chunk) - The Company held **one Level 3 security** at June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, with no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the periods[79](index=79&type=chunk)[80](index=80&type=chunk) [Note 6. Allowance for Expected Credit Losses](index=18&type=section&id=Note%206.%20Allowance%20for%20Expected%20Credit%20Losses) This note explains the Company's allowance for credit losses on financial assets, including accounts receivable Allowance for Expected Credit Losses on Accounts Receivable (Dollars in thousands) | Metric | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :------------ | :---------------- | | Allowance for Expected Credit Losses | $827 | $918 | - **No expected credit losses were identified** for reinsurance recoverables at June 30, 2025, or December 31, 2024, due to strong reinsurer ratings and collateralization[87](index=87&type=chunk) - The **majority of the Company's reinsurance recoverable** (**96%** at June 30, 2025) is from the CAR Commercial Automobile Program[87](index=87&type=chunk) [Note 7. Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves](index=20&type=section&id=Note%207.%20Loss%20and%20Loss%20Adjustment%20Expense%20Reserves) This note provides information on the Company's reserves for unpaid losses and related adjustment expenses Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves (Dollars in thousands) | Metric | June 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :------------ | :---------------- | | Reserves for losses and LAE at end of period | $685,941 | $671,669 | - Prior year reserves **decreased by** **$23,473 thousand** for the six months ended June 30, 2025, **primarily due to** re-estimations in retained automobile and homeowners lines[90](index=90&type=chunk) [Note 8. Commitments and Contingencies](index=20&type=section&id=Note%208.%20Commitments%20and%20Contingencies) This note discloses the Company's contractual commitments and potential liabilities from legal matters - The Company has **committed** **$170,000 thousand** to limited partnerships, with **$32,163 thousand remaining callable** as of June 30, 2025[92](index=92&type=chunk) - Management believes that the ultimate resolution of pending claims and future assessments from the Massachusetts Insurers Insolvency Fund will **not have a material adverse effect** on the consolidated financial statements[93](index=93&type=chunk)[94](index=94&type=chunk) [Note 9. Debt](index=21&type=section&id=Note%209.%20Debt) This note describes the Company's debt instruments, credit facilities, and associated interest expenses - The Company **extended its Revolving Credit Agreement** with Citizens Bank, N.A. to August 10, 2028, **providing** a **$30,000 thousand** revolving credit facility[96](index=96&type=chunk) - The Company **borrowed** **$30,000 thousand** under the Citizens Bank Credit Agreement on March 27, 2025, with this amount **outstanding at** June 30, 2025[98](index=98&type=chunk) Interest Expense (Dollars in thousands) | Source | Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | | Citizens Bank Credit Agreement | $443 | $15 | | FHLB-Boston borrowing | $0 | $125 | [Note 10. Income Taxes](index=22&type=section&id=Note%2010.%20Income%20Taxes) This note presents information on the Company's income tax expense, effective tax rate, and deferred taxes Effective Tax Rate | Period | 2025 | 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :--- | :--- | | Three Months Ended June 30 | 21.4% | 21.7% | | Six Months Ended June 30 | 21.9% | 21.6% | - The 'One Big Beautiful Bill Act,' signed on July 4, 2025, is **not currently expected to have a material impact** on the Company's financial position or results of operations[107](index=107&type=chunk) [Note 11. Share Repurchase Program](index=22&type=section&id=Note%2011.%20Share%20Repurchase%20Program) This note details the Company's share repurchase authorizations and activity during the period - The Board of Directors has **cumulatively authorized increases** to the share repurchase program up to **$200,000 thousand** of outstanding common shares[109](index=109&type=chunk) - **No share purchases were made** under the program during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025[110](index=110&type=chunk) - As of June 30, 2025, the Company had **purchased** **3,215,690 shares** at a cost of **$155,240 thousand** under the program[110](index=110&type=chunk) [Note 12. Leases](index=22&type=section&id=Note%2012.%20Leases) This note provides information on the Company's operating and finance leases, including lease costs and terms Operating Lease Costs (Dollars in thousands) | Period | 2025 | 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :--- | :--- | | Three Months Ended June 30 | $904 | $1,006 | | Six Months Ended June 30 | $1,809 | $2,019 | - The **weighted average remaining lease term** for operating leases was **3.45 years**, with a **weighted average discount rate of** **2.46%** as of June 30, 2025[113](index=113&type=chunk) [Note 13. Subsequent Events](index=23&type=section&id=Note%2013.%20Subsequent%20Events) This note discloses significant events occurring after the balance sheet date but before financial statement issuance - **No subsequent events requiring recognition or disclosure** have occurred, other than the 'One Big Beautiful Bill Act' mentioned in Note 10[114](index=114&type=chunk) [Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations](index=24&type=section&id=Item%202.%20Management's%20Discussion%20and%20Analysis%20of%20Financial%20Condition%20and%20Results%20of%20Operations) This section provides management's perspective on the Company's financial condition and results of operations, analyzing key performance indicators, recent trends... [Executive Summary and Overview](index=24&type=section&id=Executive%20Summary%20and%20Overview) This section provides a high-level summary of the Company's business, market position, and financial highlights - Safety Insurance Group, Inc. is a **leading provider** of private passenger automobile, commercial automobile, homeowners, and commercial other-than-auto insurance, primarily in Massachusetts[121](index=121&type=chunk) - The Company holds **significant market shares** in Massachusetts: third largest private passenger automobile carrier (**9.7%**), second largest commercial automobile carrier (**12.9%**), and third largest homeowners insurance carrier (**6.3%**) in 2024[121](index=121&type=chunk) - A.M. Best **reaffirmed Safety Insurance's 'A (Excellent)' rating** on June 20, 2025[122](index=122&type=chunk) Direct Written Premiums by State (Dollars in thousands) | State | Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Massachusetts | $326,925 | $299,411 | $610,204 | $553,762 | | New Hampshire | $14,731 | $13,325 | $27,154 | $24,084 | | Maine | $4,173 | $2,775 | $7,441 | $5,004 | | Total | $345,829 | $315,511 | $644,799 | $582,850 | [Recent Trends and Events](index=25&type=section&id=Recent%20Trends%20and%20Events) This section discusses key operational and market trends, as well as significant events impacting the Company - **Direct written premium growth was** **9.6%** for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and **10.6%** for the six months ended June 30, 2025, driven by new business production and rate increases[126](index=126&type=chunk)[151](index=151&type=chunk) - **Losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred increased by** **12.4%** for the three months and **12.7%** for the six months ended June 30, 2025, **primarily due to** increased loss severity[127](index=127&type=chunk)[151](index=151&type=chunk) - The **losses and loss adjustment expenses ratio decreased to** **68.8%** (Q2 2025) from **70.0%** (Q2 2024) and to **69.3%** (H1 2025) from **70.6%** (H1 2024), due to earned premium **growth** offsetting increased loss severity[127](index=127&type=chunk) Approved Rate Changes in 2025 and 2024 | Line of Business | Effective Date | Rate Change | | :--------------------------------------- | :------------- | :---------- | | Massachusetts Homeowners | August 1, 2025 | 4.2% | | Massachusetts Private Passenger Automobile | July 1, 2025 | 5.1% | | Massachusetts Commercial Automobile | May 1, 2025 | 5.2% | | Massachusetts Private Passenger Automobile | January 1, 2025 | 5.3% | [Insurance Ratios](index=26&type=section&id=Insurance%20Ratios) This section analyzes key insurance profitability and efficiency ratios, such as loss, expense, and combined ratios GAAP Insurance Ratios | Metric | Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Loss ratio | 68.8% | 70.0% | 69.3% | 70.6% | | Expense ratio | 29.3% | 29.9% | 29.5% | 30.3% | | Combined ratio | 98.1% | 99.9% | 98.8% | 100.9% | - The **combined ratio improved to** **98.1%** for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and to **98.8%** for the six months ended June 30, 2025, indicating enhanced underwriting profitability[133](index=133&type=chunk) [Share-Based Compensation](index=26&type=section&id=Share-Based%20Compensation) This note outlines the Company's share-based incentive plans and related compensation expenses - The Amended 2018 Long-Term Incentive Plan has a **pool of** **700,000 shares** of common stock available for issuance, with **236,326 shares available for future grants** as of June 30, 2025[135](index=135&type=chunk)[136](index=136&type=chunk) - **Awards granted in H1 2025 included** **35,178 service-based restricted shares** (3-year vesting), **29,105 performance-based restricted shares** (3-year cliff vesting), and **6,000 restricted shares** for directors (no vesting period)[137](index=137&type=chunk) [Reinsurance](index=27&type=section&id=Reinsurance) This section describes the Company's reinsurance arrangements and their impact on risk management - The Company **maintains three layers of excess catastrophe reinsurance**, **providing** **$675,000 thousand** of coverage for property losses exceeding **$75,000 thousand** up to **$750,000 thousand** for 2025[142](index=142&type=chunk) - Casualty excess of loss reinsurance covers losses exceeding **$2,000 thousand** up to **$10,000 thousand**, and property excess of loss reinsurance covers losses exceeding **$3,000 thousand** up to **$25,000 thousand**[143](index=143&type=chunk) - As of June 30, 2025, **$171,516 thousand was recoverable from** Commonwealth Automobile Reinsurers (CAR)[144](index=144&type=chunk) - The Massachusetts Property Insurance Underwriting Association (FAIR Plan) **restructured on** April 1, 2024, transforming into a stand-alone, risk-bearing entity[145](index=145&type=chunk) [Non-GAAP Measures](index=27&type=section&id=Non-GAAP%20Measures) This section defines and reconciles non-GAAP financial measures used by management to assess performance - **Non-GAAP operating income is defined as** GAAP net income adjusted for net realized gains/losses on investments, changes in net unrealized gains on equity securities, credit loss benefit/expense, and related taxes[147](index=147&type=chunk) Non-GAAP Operating Income (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) | Metric | Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Non-GAAP Operating income | $21,518 | $17,272 | $40,514 | $31,018 | | Non-GAAP Operating income per diluted share | $1.45 | $1.18 | $2.74 | $2.09 | [Results of Operations](index=28&type=section&id=Results%20of%20Operations) This section provides a detailed analysis of the Company's revenues, expenses, and net income for the periods Key Financial Results (Dollars in thousands) | Metric | Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :------------------------------- | :----------------------------- | :----------------------------- | | Direct written premiums | $345,829 | $315,511 | $644,799 | $582,850 | | Net written premiums | $319,475 | $294,935 | $594,255 | $545,230 | | Net earned premiums | $282,113 | $246,944 | $554,803 | $482,997 | | Net investment income | $15,724 | $13,500 | $30,298 | $28,731 | | Net realized gains on investments | $2,131 | $2,715 | $6,394 | $3,207 | | Losses and loss adjustment expenses | $194,232 | $172,742 | $384,522 | $341,141 | | Underwriting, operating and related expenses | $82,796 | $73,921 | $163,647 | $146,188 | | Net income | $28,937 | $16,636 | $50,833 | $36,714 | - **Net effective annualized yield on the investment portfolio increased to** **4.2%** for Q2 2025 from **3.9%** for Q2 2024, driven by higher earned interest from bond purchases[155](index=155&type=chunk) - **Total prior year favorable development decreased to** **$23,473 thousand** for H1 2025 from **$30,375 thousand** for H1 2024, **primarily due to** the inclusion of FAIR Plan development in the prior year[171](index=171&type=chunk) - Interest expense **significantly increased to** **$442 thousand** for Q2 2025 from **$138 thousand** for Q2 2024, mainly due to a new loan agreement with Citizens Bank[173](index=173&type=chunk) [Liquidity and Capital Resources](index=32&type=section&id=Liquidity%20and%20Capital%20Resources) This section discusses the Company's cash flows, financial flexibility, and capital management strategies Cash Flow Summary (Six Months Ended June 30, Dollars in thousands) | Metric | 2025 | 2024 | | :--------------------------------------- | :----- | :----- | | Net cash provided by operating activities | $35,496 | $4,454 | | Net cash used for investing activities | ($18,217) | $28,821 | | Net cash used for financing activities | ($26,844) | ($26,848) | - Safety Insurance **paid dividends of** **$25,750 thousand** to Safety during the six months ended June 30, 2025[187](index=187&type=chunk) - The Board **approved an increase in the quarterly cash dividend from** **$0.90** to **$0.92** per share, payable on September 15, 2025[189](index=189&type=chunk) - The Insurance Subsidiaries' **total capital was** **$758,789 thousand** at December 31, 2024, **exceeding minimum risk-based capital requirements**[192](index=192&type=chunk) [Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements](index=35&type=section&id=Of%20-Balance%20Sheet%20Arrangements) This section discloses any material off-balance sheet obligations or arrangements of the Company - The Company has **no material obligations** under guarantee contracts, retained or contingent interests in unconsolidated entities, derivative instruments, or variable interests in unconsolidated entities[194](index=194&type=chunk) [Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates](index=35&type=section&id=Critical%20Accounting%20Policies%20and%20Estimates) This section highlights accounting policies requiring significant judgment and the impact of estimates - The **selected point estimate for net loss and LAE reserves was** **$550,315 thousand** as of June 30, 2025, **within a reasonably possible range of** **$510,482 thousand** to **$579,378 thousand**[204](index=204&type=chunk) - A **1 percentage-point change in the loss and LAE ratio would result in a** **$5,549 thousand change in reserves and a** **$4,384 thousand effect on net income** (**$0.30** per diluted share) for the six months ended June 30, 2025[217](index=217&type=chunk) - **Prior year reserves decreased by** **$23,473 thousand** during the six months ended June 30, 2025, **primarily due to reductions in** private passenger automobile, commercial automobile, homeowners, and other lines reserves[226](index=226&type=chunk) Net Loss and LAE Reserves by Line of Business (June 30, 2025, Dollars in thousands) | Line of Business | Low Estimate | Recorded Estimate | High Estimate | | :--------------------------------------- | :----------- | :---------------- | :------------ | | Private passenger automobile | $253,835 | $270,205 | $279,924 | | Commercial automobile | $102,659 | $115,251 | $127,123 | | Homeowners | $96,281 | $100,905 | $103,516 | | All other | $57,707 | $63,954 | $68,815 | | Total | $510,482 | $550,315 | $579,378 | [Forward-Looking Statements](index=41&type=section&id=Forward-Looking%20Statements) This section cautions readers about inherent risks and uncertainties that may affect future results - Forward-looking statements are **subject to risks and uncertainties**, including competition, regulatory changes, severe weather, inflation, and economic conditions, which could cause actual results to differ materially from projections[234](index=234&type=chunk)[243](index=243&type=chunk) [Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Information about Market Risk](index=42&type=section&id=Item%203.%20Quantitative%20and%20Qualitative%20Information%20about%20Market%20Risk) This section details the Company's exposure to market risk, primarily from interest rate fluctuations affecting its fixed-rate investments and floating-rate debt, and equity risk from its holdings. It includes a sensitivity analysis for interest rate changes - The Company's **primary market risk exposure is to changes in interest rates**, **affecting its significant holdings** of fixed-rate investments and financing activities[237](index=237&type=chunk)[238](index=238&type=chunk) Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis (As of June 30, 2025, Dollars in thousands) | Interest Rate Change | Estimated Fair Value | Estimated Increase (Decrease) in Fair Value | | :--------------------------------------- | :------------------- | :------------------------------------------ | | -100 Basis Point Change | $1,237,363 | $49,026 | | No Change | $1,188,337 | $0 | | +100 Basis Point Change | $1,140,494 | ($47,843) | - A **2.0%** increase in the prevailing interest rate on the Company's **$30,000 thousand** variable rate debt would **increase interest expense by approximately** **$600 thousand** for 2025[244](index=244&type=chunk) - **Equity risk is managed through** industry and issuer diversification and asset allocation techniques[246](index=246&type=chunk) [Item 4. Controls and Procedures](index=43&type=section&id=Item%204.%20Controls%20and%20Procedures) The Company's CEO and CFO concluded that disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2025, and reported no material changes in internal control over financial reporting during the last fiscal quarter - The CEO and CFO concluded that the Company's **disclosure controls and procedures were adequate and effective** as of June 30, 2025[247](index=247&type=chunk) - There have been **no material changes in internal control over financial reporting** during the last fiscal quarter[248](index=248&type=chunk) Part II. Other Information This part covers legal proceedings, risk factors, equity sales, defaults, and other required disclosures [Item 1. Legal Proceedings](index=44&type=section&id=Item%201.%20Legal%20Proceedings) This section refers to Note 8, Commitments and Contingencies, for details on legal proceedings, which management believes will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements - **Refer to Item 1—Financial Statements, Note 8, Commitments and Contingencies, for information on legal proceedings**[250](index=250&type=chunk) [Item 1A. Risk Factors](index=44&type=section&id=Item%201A.%20Risk%20Factors) The Company states that there have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in its 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K - **No subsequent material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed** in the Company's 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K[250](index=250&type=chunk) [Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds](index=44&type=section&id=Item%202.%20Unregistered%20Sales%20of%20Equity%20Securities%20and%20Use%20of%20Proceeds) This section reiterates the Board-approved share repurchase program, cumulatively authorized up to $200,000 thousand, and confirms that no shares were repurchased during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 - The Board of Directors has **cumulatively authorized increases** to the existing share repurchase program of up to **$200,000 thousand**[251](index=251&type=chunk) - **No shares were repurchased** under the program during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025[251](index=251&type=chunk) - As of June 30, 2025, **703,971 shares may yet be purchased** under the plans or programs[252](index=252&type=chunk) [Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities](index=44&type=section&id=Item%203.%20Defaults%20upon%20Senior%20Securities) The Company reported no defaults upon senior securities during the period - None[253](index=253&type=chunk) [Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures](index=44&type=section&id=Item%204.%20Mine%20Safety%20Disclosures) The Company reported no mine safety disclosures - None[253](index=253&type=chunk) [Item 5. Other Information](index=44&type=section&id=Item%205.%20Other%20Information) The Company reported that no officers or directors adopted, terminated, or modified any Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements during the three months ended June 30, 2025 - **No officers or directors adopted, terminated, or modified any Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements** during the three months ended June 30, 2025[254](index=254&type=chunk) [Item 6. Exhibits](index=44&type=section&id=Item%206.%20Exhibits) This section lists all exhibits filed as part of the Form 10-Q, including CEO and CFO certifications, XBRL documents, and the cover page - **Exhibits include CEO and CFO certifications** (**31.1**, **31.2**, **32.1**, **32.2**) and Inline XBRL documents (**101.INS**, **101.SCH**, **101.CAL**, **101.DEF**, **101.LAB**, **101.PRE**, **104**)[257](index=257&type=chunk)

Executive Summary & Recent Developments [Q2 2025 Performance Overview](index=1&type=section&id=Q2%202025%20Performance%20Overview) Safety Insurance Group, Inc. reported improved Q2 2025 results, with the combined ratio improving to 98.1% from 99.9% due to rate increases and policy growth - Combined ratio improved to **98.1%** in Q2 2025 compared to **99.9%** in Q2 2024, reflecting policy count growth and rate increases[2](index=2&type=chunk)[3](index=3&type=chunk) - Net earned premium increased by **14.2%** for the quarter ended June 30, 2025[3](index=3&type=chunk) [Dividend Announcement](index=1&type=section&id=Dividend%20Announcement) The Board of Directors approved an increase in the quarterly cash dividend for the third quarter of 2025 - The quarterly cash dividend was increased from **$0.90 to $0.92 per share**[4](index=4&type=chunk) - The increased dividend is payable on September 15, 2025, to shareholders of record on September 2, 2025[4](index=4&type=chunk) Detailed Financial Performance Analysis [Net Income and Earnings Per Share](index=1&type=section&id=Net%20Income%20and%20Earnings%20Per%20Share) The company reported significant increases in both GAAP net income and non-GAAP operating income per diluted share for Q2 and YTD 2025 Net Income and Diluted EPS (GAAP) | Period | 2025 (Net Income) | 2024 (Net Income) | YoY Change | 2025 (Diluted EPS) | 2024 (Diluted EPS) | YoY Change | | :----- | :---------------- | :---------------- | :--------- | :----------------- | :----------------- | :--------- | | Q2 | $28.9 million | $16.6 million | +74.1% | $1.95 | $1.13 | +72.6% | | YTD | $50.8 million | $36.7 million | +38.4% | $3.43 | $2.48 | +38.3% | Non-GAAP Operating Income Per Diluted Share | Period | 2025 (Non-GAAP EPS) | 2024 (Non-GAAP EPS) | YoY Change | | :----- | :------------------ | :------------------ | :--------- | | Q2 | $1.45 | $1.18 | +22.9% | | YTD | $2.74 | $2.09 | +31.1% | [Book Value and Shareholder Equity](index=1&type=section&id=Book%20Value%20and%20Shareholder%20Equity) Book value per share increased from year-end 2024, contributing to a rise in total shareholders' equity due to net income and investment gains - Book value per share increased to **$58.63** at June 30, 2025, from **$55.83** at December 31, 2024[6](index=6&type=chunk) - Total shareholders' equity increased by **$44.8 million** in Q2 2025[3](index=3&type=chunk) [Premium Growth](index=1&type=section&id=Premium%20Growth) The company experienced robust growth in direct, net written, and net earned premiums, driven by rate increases and policy count growth Direct Written Premiums | Period | 2025 (Millions) | 2024 (Millions) | YoY Change | | :----- | :-------------- | :-------------- | :--------- | | Q2 | $345.8 | $315.5 | +9.6% | | YTD | $644.8 | $582.9 | +10.6% | Net Written Premiums | Period | 2025 (Millions) | 2024 (Millions) | YoY Change | | :----- | :-------------- | :-------------- | :--------- | | Q2 | $319.5 | $294.9 | +8.3% | | YTD | $594.3 | $545.3 | +9.0% | Net Earned Premiums | Period | 2025 (Millions) | 2024 (Millions) | YoY Change | | :----- | :-------------- | :-------------- | :--------- | | Q2 | $282.1 | $246.9 | +14.2% | | YTD | $554.8 | $483.0 | +14.9% | - For the six months ended June 30, 2025, average written premium per policy increased by **9.0%** in Private Passenger Automobile, **7.2%** in Commercial Automobile, and **10.6%** in Homeowners lines[8](index=8&type=chunk) - Policy count growth for the six months ended June 30, 2025, included **0.4%** in Private Passenger Automobile, **2.8%** in Commercial Automobile, and **3.9%** in Homeowners lines[8](index=8&type=chunk) [Underwriting Results](index=2&type=section&id=Underwriting%20Results) Underwriting performance improved in Q2 and YTD 2025, with lower loss, expense, and combined ratios despite increased losses Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred | Period | 2025 (Millions) | 2024 (Millions) | YoY Change | | :----- | :-------------- | :-------------- | :--------- | | Q2 | $194.2 | $172.7 | +12.4% | | YTD | $384.5 | $341.1 | +12.7% | Underwriting Ratios | Period | Ratio | 2025 | 2024 | Change (pp) | | :----- | :---- | :--- | :--- | :---------- | | Q2 | Loss | 68.8% | 70.0% | -1.2 | | | Expense | 29.3% | 29.9% | -0.6 | | | Combined | 98.1% | 99.9% | -1.8 | | YTD | Loss | 69.3% | 70.6% | -1.3 | | | Expense | 29.5% | 30.3% | -0.8 | | | Combined | 98.8% | 100.9% | -2.1 | Prior Year Favorable Development (Pre-tax) | Period | 2025 (Millions) | 2024 (Millions) | YoY Change | | :----- | :-------------- | :-------------- | :--------- | | Q2 | $11.2 | $19.4 | -42.3% | | YTD | $23.5 | $30.4 | -22.7% | [Investment Income](index=2&type=section&id=Investment%20Income) Net investment income increased due to higher interest rates, leading to an improved effective annualized yield on the investment portfolio Net Investment Income | Period | 2025 (Millions) | 2024 (Millions) | YoY Change | | :----- | :-------------- | :-------------- | :--------- | | Q2 | $15.7 | $13.5 | +16.5% | | YTD | $30.3 | $28.7 | +5.5% | Net Effective Annualized Yield on Investment Portfolio | Period | 2025 | 2024 | | :----- | :--- | :--- | | Q2 | 4.2% | 3.9% | | YTD | 4.0% | 3.9% | - The investment portfolio's duration on fixed maturities was **3.6 years** at June 30, 2025, compared to **3.5 years** at December 31, 2024[13](index=13&type=chunk) Non-GAAP Financial Measures [Definition and Reconciliation](index=2&type=section&id=Definition%20and%20Reconciliation) Non-GAAP operating income adjusts GAAP net income by excluding net realized gains, unrealized gains on equity, credit loss, and related taxes - Non-GAAP operating income and non-GAAP operating income per diluted share consist of GAAP net income adjusted by net realized gains on investments, change in net unrealized gains on equity securities, credit loss benefit (expense), and related taxes[15](index=15&type=chunk)[16](index=16&type=chunk) Reconciliation of Net Income to Non-GAAP Operating Income | Item | Q2 2025 (Thousands) | Q2 2024 (Thousands) | YTD 2025 (Thousands) | YTD 2024 (Thousands) | | :-------------------------------------- | :------------------ | :------------------ | :------------------- | :------------------- | | Net income | $28,937 | $16,636 | $50,833 | $36,714 | | Exclusions: | | | | | | Net realized gains on investments | (2,131) | (2,715) | (6,394) | (3,207) | | Change in net unrealized gains on equity securities | (7,194) | 3,483 | (6,923) | (4,182) | | Credit loss expense | (66) | 37 | 255 | 179 | | Income tax benefit | 1,972 | (169) | 2,743 | 1,514 | | **Non-GAAP operating income** | **$21,518** | **$17,272** | **$40,514** | **$31,018** | Company Overview [About Safety Insurance Group, Inc.](index=3&type=section&id=About%20Safety%20Insurance%20Group%2C%20Inc.) Safety Insurance Group, Inc. is a Boston-based property and casualty insurer operating exclusively in MA, NH, and ME - Safety Insurance Group, Inc. is based in Boston, MA, and is the parent of several insurance companies and an agency[17](index=17&type=chunk) - The company operates exclusively in **Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine**[17](index=17&type=chunk) - Safety is a leading writer of property and casualty insurance products, including private passenger automobile, commercial automobile, homeowners, dwelling fire, umbrella, and business owner policies[17](index=17&type=chunk) [Investor Resources](index=3&type=section&id=Investor%20Resources) Investors can access additional company information, press releases, SEC filings, and investor contacts through the company's website - Press releases, announcements, SEC Filings, and investor information are available on the Company website at www.SafetyInsurance.com under 'About Safety,' 'Investor Information'[18](index=18&type=chunk) - Shareholders are urged to refer to the December 31, 2024 Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 27, 2025, for more complete financial information[18](index=18&type=chunk) - Investor Relations can be contacted at **877-951-2522** or InvestorRelations@SafetyInsurance.com[19](index=19&type=chunk) Forward-Looking Statements & Risk Factors [Cautionary Statement](index=3&type=section&id=Cautionary%20Statement) The press release contains forward-looking statements, which are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to various risks - Forward-looking statements are identified by words such as 'believe,' 'expect,' 'anticipate,' 'intend,' 'plan,' 'estimate,' 'aim,' 'projects,' or similar expressions indicating future events and trends[19](index=19&type=chunk) - Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially[20](index=20&type=chunk) - The Company is not under any obligation to update or alter its forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise[21](index=21&type=chunk) [Key Risk Factors](index=3&type=section&id=Key%20Risk%20Factors) Factors that could materially affect future results include industry competition, restrictive regulations, severe weather, and inflation - Key risk factors include the competitive nature of the industry, restrictive regulations in Massachusetts, and the possibility of losses due to claims from severe weather[20](index=20&type=chunk) - Other risks include the impact of inflation, changes in tariffs and supply chain delays on loss severity, and potential future rule changes by the Commissioner of Insurance affecting the residual market[20](index=20&type=chunk) - Additional factors are the impact of investment, economic and underwriting market conditions (including interest rates and inflation), the possible need for and availability of additional financing, and other risks identified in SEC filings[22](index=22&type=chunk) Consolidated Financial Statements [Consolidated Balance Sheets](index=5&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Balance%20Sheets) The balance sheet shows an increase in total assets and shareholders' equity from December 31, 2024, to June 30, 2025 Consolidated Balance Sheet Highlights | Item | June 30, 2025 (Thousands) | December 31, 2024 (Thousands) | Change (Thousands) | | :-------------------------- | :------------------------ | :-------------------------- | :----------------- | | Total assets | $2,364,208 | $2,270,090 | +$94,118 | | Total liabilities | $1,490,944 | $1,441,626 | +$49,318 | | Total shareholders' equity | $873,264 | $828,464 | +$44,800 | - Fixed maturities, available for sale, at fair value increased to **$1,188,337 thousand** at June 30, 2025, from **$1,115,218 thousand** at December 31, 2024[24](index=24&type=chunk) - Losses and loss adjustment expense reserves increased to **$685,941 thousand** at June 30, 2025, from **$671,669 thousand** at December 31, 2024[24](index=24&type=chunk) [Consolidated Statements of Operations](index=6&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Operations) The statements of operations reflect significant growth in total revenue and net income for Q2 and YTD 2025 despite increased expenses Consolidated Statements of Operations Highlights | Item | Q2 2025 (Thousands) | Q2 2024 (Thousands) | YTD 2025 (Thousands) | YTD 2024 (Thousands) | | :-------------------------- | :------------------ | :------------------ | :------------------- | :------------------- | | Total revenue | $316,344 | $269,783 | $617,773 | $538,016 | | Total expenses | $279,517 | $248,548 | $552,716 | $491,174 | | Net income | $28,937 | $16,636 | $50,833 | $36,714 | - Income before income taxes for Q2 2025 was **$36,827 thousand**, up from **$21,235 thousand** for Q2 2024[25](index=25&type=chunk) [Additional Premium Information](index=7&type=section&id=Additional%20Premium%20Information) Detailed premium data shows increases across direct, assumed, and net written and earned premiums for Q2 and YTD 2025 Written Premiums (Direct, Assumed, Ceded, Net) | Type | Period | 2025 (Thousands) | 2024 (Thousands) | YoY Change | | :--- | :----- | :--------------- | :--------------- | :--------- | | Direct | Q2 | $345,829 | $315,511 | +9.6% | | | YTD | $644,799 | $582,850 | +10.6% | | Assumed | Q2 | $5,675 | $8,325 | -31.9% | | | YTD | $12,480 | $17,763 | -29.7% | | Ceded | Q2 | $(32,029) | $(28,901) | +10.8% | | | YTD | $(63,024) | $(55,383) | +13.8% | | Net | Q2 | $319,475 | $294,935 | +8.3% | | | YTD | $594,255 | $545,230 | +9.0% | Earned Premiums (Direct, Assumed, Ceded, Net) | Type | Period | 2025 (Thousands) | 2024 (Thousands) | YoY Change | | :--- | :----- | :--------------- | :--------------- | :--------- | | Direct | Q2 | $308,901 | $265,908 | +16.2% | | | YTD | $605,720 | $517,792 | +16.9% | | Assumed | Q2 | $5,286 | $7,997 | -33.9% | | | YTD | $12,011 | $16,965 | -29.2% | | Ceded | Q2 | $(32,074) | $(26,961) | +18.9% | | | YTD | $(62,928) | $(51,760) | +21.6% | | Net | Q2 | $282,113 | $246,944 | +14.2% | | | YTD | $554,803 | $482,997 | +14.9% |

Premium Growth - For the three months ended March 31, 2025, direct written premiums increased by 11.8% to $298,970,000 compared to $267,339,000 in the same period of 2024[122]. - The company achieved a net written premium growth of 9.8% for the same period, driven by rate increases, improved retention, and new business production[122]. - Direct written premiums increased by $31,631, or 11.8%, to $298,970 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $267,339 for the same period in 2024[148]. - Net written premiums rose by $24,485, or 9.8%, to $274,780 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, from $250,295 in the comparable 2024 period[149]. - Net earned premiums increased by $36,637, or 15.5%, to $272,690 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $236,053 for the same period in 2024[150]. - Average written premium per policy increased by 9.5%, 8.4%, and 11.0% in Private Passenger Automobile, Commercial Automobile, and Homeowners lines, respectively[122]. Financial Performance - Non-GAAP operating income for the quarter was $18,996,000, up from $13,746,000 in the prior year, translating to $1.28 per diluted share compared to a loss of $0.93 per diluted share in 2024[124]. - The combined ratio improved to 99.4% from 101.9% year-over-year, indicating enhanced underwriting profitability[131]. - Net income for Q1 2025 was $21,896, up from $20,078 in Q1 2024, reflecting a year-over-year increase[170]. - Non-GAAP operating income rose to $18,996 in Q1 2025 from $13,746 in Q1 2024, primarily due to an increase in net earned premiums[171]. - Net cash provided by operating activities was $3,173 in Q1 2025, compared to net cash used of $21,135 in Q1 2024[175]. - Net cash provided by investing activities was $16,129 in Q1 2025, down from $27,399 in Q1 2024; purchases of invested assets increased to $59,383 from $50,199[176]. Losses and Reserves - Losses and loss adjustment expenses rose by 13.0% to $190,290,000, with a loss ratio improvement to 69.8% from 71.3% year-over-year[123][131]. - As of March 31, 2025, the total net reserves for losses and LAE are estimated at $546,207, with a range of reasonably possible estimations between $500,469 and $572,420[202]. - The recorded reserves for the private passenger automobile line of business are $261,070, with low and high estimations of $240,015 and $267,198 respectively[204]. - The total net reserves for the commercial automobile line of business are recorded at $117,747, with retained reserves of $83,271[210]. - The homeowners line of business has recorded reserves of $102,031, with a low estimation of $95,939 and a high estimation of $104,844[204]. - The company experienced a decrease in prior year reserves of $12,238 during the three months ended March 31, 2025[223]. Investment Performance - Net investment income decreased by $657, or 4.3%, to $14,574 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, from $15,231 in the comparable 2024 period[152]. - Earnings from partnership investments increased to $2,112 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $1,772 for the same period in 2024[153]. - Net realized gains on investments surged to $4,263 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $492 for the comparable 2024 period[154]. Strategic Initiatives - The company plans to focus on strategic growth initiatives, including product development and market expansion, to enhance its competitive position[232]. - The company emphasizes the importance of monitoring external factors such as inflation and supply chain delays that could affect loss severity and overall financial results[233]. - The forward-looking statements highlight potential risks including market competition, regulatory changes, and economic conditions that could impact future performance[231][233]. Market Position - The company maintained a strong market position, being the third largest private passenger automobile carrier in Massachusetts with a 9.7% market share[119]. - The company has established relationships with 828 independent insurance agents across Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine[119]. Tax and Dividends - The effective tax rate for Q1 2025 was 22.4%, up from 21.6% in Q1 2024, primarily due to executive compensation expenses[170]. - Safety Insurance paid dividends of $12,875 to Safety in Q1 2025, with a maximum of $75,879 available for dividends in 2025 without prior approval[183]. - The company has authorized a share repurchase program of up to $200,000, with no shares repurchased during Q1 2025[186].

[First Quarter 2025 Results Overview](index=1&type=section&id=1.%20First%20Quarter%202025%20Results%20Overview) Safety Insurance Group reported improved Q1 2025 results with a lower combined ratio, increased net income, and consistent dividends [Key Financial Highlights](index=1&type=section&id=1.1.%20Key%20Financial%20Highlights) Safety Insurance Group reported improved Q1 2025 results with a lower combined ratio, increased net income, and higher EPS Q1 2025 vs Q1 2024 Key Financial Highlights | Metric | Q1 2025 | Q1 2024 | Change | | :----------------------------------- | :------ | :------ | :----- | | Combined Ratio | 99.4% | 101.9% | -2.5 pp | | Net Income | $21.9M | $20.1M | +$1.8M | | Diluted EPS | $1.48 | $1.36 | +$0.12 | | Non-GAAP Operating Income per diluted share | $1.28 | $0.93 | +$0.35 | - Book value per share increased to **$57.12** at March 31, 2025, from **$55.83** at December 31, 2024, primarily due to net income and increases in the fixed maturity portfolio value[3](index=3&type=chunk) - Total shareholders' equity increased by **$22.2 million**[2](index=2&type=chunk) [Dividend Declaration](index=1&type=section&id=1.2.%20Dividend%20Declaration) The Board approved a **$0.90 per share** quarterly cash dividend for Q2 2025, consistent with prior payments - A **$0.90 per share** quarterly cash dividend was approved for Q2 2025, payable on June 13, 2025[4](index=4&type=chunk) - Safety paid **$0.90 per share** in dividends during Q1 2025 and Q1 2024[3](index=3&type=chunk) [Detailed Financial Performance Analysis](index=1&type=section&id=2.%20Detailed%20Financial%20Performance%20Analysis) Q1 2025 saw strong premium growth and improved underwriting, partially offset by a slight decrease in net investment income [Premium Performance](index=1&type=section&id=2.1.%20Premium%20Performance) Q1 2025 premium growth was significant, driven by new business, rate increases, and policy count expansion [Written and Earned Premiums](index=1&type=section&id=2.1.1.%20Written%20and%20Earned%20Premiums) Direct written premiums increased by 11.8% to $299.0 million, net written premiums by 9.8% to $274.8 million, and net earned premiums by 15.5% to $272.7 million in Q1 2025 compared to Q1 2024 Q1 2025 vs Q1 2024 Premium Performance | Metric | Q1 2025 ($M) | Q1 2024 ($M) | Change ($M) | Change (%) | | :-------------------- | :----------- | :----------- | :---------- | :--------- | | Direct Written Premiums | 299.0 | 267.3 | 31.7 | 11.8% | | Net Written Premiums | 274.8 | 250.3 | 24.5 | 9.8% | | Net Earned Premiums | 272.7 | 236.1 | 36.6 | 15.5% | [Drivers of Premium Growth](index=1&type=section&id=2.1.2.%20Drivers%20of%20Premium%20Growth) New business, rate increases, and increased policy counts and average premiums drove Q1 2025 premium growth - Increases in direct and net written premiums are a result of new business production and rate increases[6](index=6&type=chunk) Q1 2025 Policy Count Growth (YoY) | Line of Business | Policy Count Growth | | :----------------------- | :------------------ | | Private Passenger Automobile | 1.3% | | Commercial Automobile | 2.5% | | Homeowners | 5.4% | Q1 2025 Average Written Premium per Policy Increase (YoY) | Line of Business | Average Written Premium per Policy Increase | | :----------------------- | :---------------------------------------- | | Private Passenger Automobile | 9.5% | | Commercial Automobile | 8.4% | | Homeowners | 11.0% | [Underwriting Performance](index=1&type=section&id=2.2.%20Underwriting%20Performance) Underwriting ratios improved in Q1 2025, with the combined ratio decreasing to **99.4%** due to higher earned premiums and better auto loss experience [Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses](index=1&type=section&id=2.2.1.%20Loss%20and%20Loss%20Adjustment%20Expenses) Loss and loss adjustment expenses increased **13.0%** to **$190.3 million** in Q1 2025, driven by policy counts but offset by improved auto results Q1 2025 vs Q1 2024 Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses | Metric | Q1 2025 ($M) | Q1 2024 ($M) | Change ($M) | Change (%) | | :-------------------------------- | :----------- | :----------- | :---------- | :--------- | | Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses | 190.3 | 168.4 | 21.9 | 13.0% | - The increase in loss and loss adjustment expenses is driven by larger policy counts, offset by improved results in the Private Passenger Automobile line[7](index=7&type=chunk) [Combined Ratio and Components](index=2&type=section&id=2.2.2.%20Combined%20Ratio%20and%20Components) The combined ratio improved to **99.4%** in Q1 2025 from **101.9%**, reflecting lower loss and expense ratios driven by higher earned premiums Q1 2025 vs Q1 2024 Underwriting Ratios | Ratio | Q1 2025 | Q1 2024 | Change (pp) | | :---------- | :------ | :------ | :---------- | | Loss Ratio | 69.8% | 71.3% | -1.5 | | Expense Ratio | 29.6% | 30.6% | -1.0 | | Combined Ratio | 99.4% | 101.9% | -2.5 | - The decrease in loss and expense ratios is driven by the increase in earned premiums[8](index=8&type=chunk) - Total prior year favorable development included in pre-tax results was **$12.2 million** for Q1 2025, up from **$11.0 million** in Q1 2024[8](index=8&type=chunk) [Investment Income](index=2&type=section&id=2.3.%20Investment%20Income) Net investment income decreased **4.3%** in Q1 2025, primarily due to lower earned interest from higher yield bonds and variable-rate loans Q1 2025 vs Q1 2024 Net Investment Income | Metric | Q1 2025 ($M) | Q1 2024 ($M) | Change ($M) | Change (%) | | :------------------ | :----------- | :----------- | :---------- | :--------- | | Net Investment Income | 14.6 | 15.2 | (0.6) | -4.3% | - The decrease in net investment income is primarily driven by lower earned interest from higher yield bonds and variable-rate secured and senior bank loans[9](index=9&type=chunk) - Net effective annualized yield on the investment portfolio was **3.9%** for Q1 2025, down from **4.3%** for Q1 2024[9](index=9&type=chunk) [Non-GAAP Financial Measures](index=2&type=section&id=3.%20Non-GAAP%20Financial%20Measures) Non-GAAP measures clarify operational results by adjusting GAAP net income for specific non-recurring or non-cash items [Definition and Purpose](index=2&type=section&id=3.1.%20Definition%20and%20Purpose) Non-GAAP measures provide a comprehensive explanation of operational results and highlight business trends, supplementing but not replacing GAAP figures - Non-GAAP measures are included to better explain the Company's results of operations and allow for a more complete understanding of underlying business trends[10](index=10&type=chunk) - Non-GAAP operating income adjusts GAAP net income by excluding net realized gains on investments, changes in net unrealized gains on equity securities, credit loss expense, and related taxes[11](index=11&type=chunk) [Reconciliation to GAAP](index=2&type=section&id=3.2.%20Reconciliation%20to%20GAAP) Detailed reconciliation of GAAP net income and EPS to non-GAAP operating income and EPS is provided, outlining adjustments for investment and credit loss items Reconciliation of Net Income to Non-GAAP Operating Income (Q1 2025 vs Q1 2024) | Reconciliation Item | Q1 2025 ($K) | Q1 2024 ($K) | | :------------------------------------------ | :----------- | :----------- | | Net income (GAAP) | 21,896 | 20,078 | | Exclusions: | | | | Net realized gains on investments | (4,263) | (492) | | Change in net unrealized gains on equity securities | 271 | (7,665) | | Credit loss expense | 321 | 142 | | Income tax expense on exclusions | 771 | 1,683 | | Non-GAAP operating income | 18,996 | 13,746 | Reconciliation of Net Income per Diluted Share to Non-GAAP Operating Income per Diluted Share (Q1 2025 vs Q1 2024) | Reconciliation Item | Q1 2025 ($) | Q1 2024 ($) | | :------------------------------------------ | :---------- | :---------- | | Net income per diluted share (GAAP) | 1.48 | 1.36 | | Exclusions: | | | | Net realized gains on investments | (0.29) | (0.03) | | Change in net unrealized gains on equity securities | 0.02 | (0.52) | | Credit loss expense | 0.02 | 0.01 | | Income tax expense on exclusions | 0.05 | 0.11 | | Non-GAAP operating income per diluted share | 1.28 | 0.93 | [Company Information](index=2&type=section&id=4.%20Company%20Information) Safety Insurance Group, Inc. is a Boston-based property and casualty insurer operating in MA, NH, and ME, providing investor information [About Safety Insurance Group, Inc.](index=2&type=section&id=4.1.%20About%20Safety%20Insurance%20Group%2C%20Inc.) Safety Insurance Group, Inc. is a Boston-based parent company operating in MA, NH, and ME, specializing in property and casualty insurance - Safety Insurance Group, Inc. is based in Boston, MA, and is the parent of Safety Insurance Company, Safety Indemnity Insurance Company, Safety Property and Casualty Insurance Company, Safety Northeast Insurance Company, and Safety Northeast Insurance Agency, Inc[12](index=12&type=chunk) - The company operates exclusively in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine[12](index=12&type=chunk) - Safety is a leading writer of property and casualty insurance products, including private passenger automobile, commercial automobile, homeowners, dwelling fire, umbrella, and business owner policies[12](index=12&type=chunk) [Investor Information and Contacts](index=2&type=section&id=4.2.%20Investor%20Information%20and%20Contacts) Investor information, SEC filings, and press releases are available on the company website, with direct contact details for inquiries - Press releases, announcements, SEC Filings, and investor information are available on the Company website at www.SafetyInsurance.com[13](index=13&type=chunk) - Safety filed its December 31, 2024 Form 10-K with the SEC on February 27, 2025[13](index=13&type=chunk) - Investor Relations can be contacted at **877-951-2522** or InvestorRelations@SafetyInsurance.com[14](index=14&type=chunk) [Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information](index=3&type=section&id=5.%20Cautionary%20Statement%20Regarding%20Forward-Looking%20Information) This section outlines forward-looking statements, emphasizing that future results may differ due to inherent risks and uncertainties [Nature of Forward-Looking Statements](index=3&type=section&id=5.1.%20Nature%20of%20Forward-Looking%20Statements) Forward-looking statements in this release are not guarantees of future performance, subject to inherent risks and uncertainties, identifiable by future-oriented language - Forward-looking statements do not relate strictly to historical or current facts and often include words such as 'believe,' 'expect,' 'anticipate,' 'intend,' 'plan,' 'estimate,' 'aim,' 'projects,' or future/conditional verbs[15](index=15&type=chunk) - All statements addressing expectations or projections about the future, including strategy for growth, product development, market position, expenditures, and financial results, are considered forward-looking statements[15](index=15&type=chunk) [Risks and Uncertainties](index=3&type=section&id=5.2.%20Risks%20and%20Uncertainties) Actual future results may differ significantly from forward-looking statements due to factors like competition, regulations, severe weather, inflation, and market conditions - Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include the competitive nature of the industry, restrictive regulations in Massachusetts, and the possibility of losses due to claims from severe weather[17](index=17&type=chunk) - Other risks include the impact of inflation, changes in tariffs and supply chain delays on loss severity, potential future rule changes by the Commissioner of Insurance, and the impact of investment, economic, and underwriting market conditions[17](index=17&type=chunk) - The company is not obligated to update or alter its forward-looking statements[16](index=16&type=chunk) [Consolidated Financial Statements](index=4&type=section&id=6.%20Consolidated%20Financial%20Statements) Consolidated financial statements present the company's balance sheets, statements of operations, and detailed premium information [Consolidated Balance Sheets](index=4&type=section&id=6.1.%20Consolidated%20Balance%20Sheets) The consolidated balance sheet shows increased total assets and shareholders' equity from December 2024 to March 2025, driven by fixed maturities and equity securities Consolidated Balance Sheet Highlights (March 31, 2025 vs December 31, 2024) | Metric | March 31, 2025 ($K) | December 31, 2024 ($K) | | :-------------------------------- | :------------------ | :------------------- | | Total Assets | 2,291,302 | 2,270,090 | | Total Liabilities | 1,440,635 | 1,441,626 | | Total Shareholders' Equity | 850,667 | 828,464 | | Fixed maturities, available for sale | 1,140,093 | 1,115,218 | | Equity securities | 222,516 | 221,422 | | Losses and loss adjustment expense reserves | 682,717 | 671,669 | | Unearned premium reserves | 622,146 | 619,916 | [Consolidated Statements of Operations](index=5&type=section&id=6.2.%20Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Operations) Q1 2025 consolidated statements of operations show increased total revenue and net income, driven by higher net earned premiums and realized investment gains Consolidated Statements of Operations Highlights (Q1 2025 vs Q1 2024) | Metric | Q1 2025 ($K) | Q1 2024 ($K) | | :-------------------------------- | :----------- | :----------- | | Total revenue | 301,429 | 268,233 | | Total expenses | 273,199 | 242,626 | | Income before income taxes | 28,230 | 25,607 | | Net income | 21,896 | 20,078 | | Net earned premiums | 272,690 | 236,053 | | Losses and loss adjustment expenses | 190,290 | 168,399 | | Underwriting, operating and related expenses | 80,851 | 72,267 | [Additional Premium Information](index=6&type=section&id=6.3.%20Additional%20Premium%20Information) This section details direct, assumed, and ceded written and earned premiums for Q1 2025 and Q1 2024, reinforcing premium growth trends Additional Premium Information (Q1 2025 vs Q1 2024) | Metric | Q1 2025 ($K) | Q1 2024 ($K) | | :---------------- | :----------- | :----------- | | Direct Written Premiums | 298,970 | 267,339 | | Assumed Written Premiums | 6,805 | 9,438 | | Ceded Written Premiums | (30,995) | (26,482) | | Net Written Premiums | 274,780 | 250,295 | | Direct Earned Premiums | 296,819 | 251,884 | | Assumed Earned Premiums | 6,725 | 8,968 | | Ceded Earned Premiums | (30,854) | (24,799) | | Net Earned Premiums | 272,690 | 236,053 |

Table of Contents UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K ☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 Or ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission file number 000-50070 SAFETY INSURANCE GROUP, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware 13-4181699 (State or other ...

```markdown [**Executive Summary**](index=1&type=section&id=1.%20Executive%20Summary) This section summarizes Safety Insurance Group's key financial and operational highlights for the full year and fourth quarter of 2024 [**Full Year 2024 Highlights**](index=1&type=section&id=1.1.%20Full%20Year%202024%20Highlights) Safety Insurance Group, Inc. achieved significant direct written premium growth, exceeding **$1 billion** for the first time, driven by increased policy counts and premium rate actions. The company also saw an improved combined ratio and substantial growth in net income and non-GAAP operating income for the full year 2024 - Direct written premium growth of **20.4%** for the year ended December 31, 2024, surpassing **$1 billion** for the first time[2](index=2&type=chunk) - Overall policy counts increased by **8.5%** and average premium per policy increased by **10.9%** across all lines of business[2](index=2&type=chunk) Full Year 2024 Key Financial Highlights | Metric | FY2024 | FY2023 | Change (YoY) | % Change (YoY) | | :-------------------------------- | :----- | :----- | :----------- | :------------- | | Direct Written Premiums (Millions) | $1,193.1 | $991.2 | +$201.9 | +20.4% | | Combined Ratio | 101.1% | 107.7% | -6.6 pp | -6.13% | | Net Income (Millions) | $70.7 | $18.9 | +$51.8 | +274.07% | | Diluted EPS | $4.78 | $1.28 | +$3.50 | +273.44% | | Non-GAAP Operating Income (Millions) | $61.5 | $12.3 | +$49.2 | +400.00% | | Non-GAAP Operating Income per Diluted Share | $4.16 | $0.84 | +$3.32 | +395.24% | | Book Value per Share | $55.83 | $54.37 | +$1.46 | +2.68% | [**Fourth Quarter 2024 Highlights**](index=1&type=section&id=1.2.%20Fourth%20Quarter%202024%20Highlights) For the fourth quarter of 2024, Safety Insurance reported an improved combined ratio and strong growth in direct written premiums, although net income saw a decrease compared to the prior year quarter Fourth Quarter 2024 Key Financial Highlights | Metric | Q4 2024 | Q4 2023 | Change (YoY) | % Change (YoY) | | :-------------------------------- | :------ | :------ | :----------- | :------------- | | Direct Written Premiums (Millions) | $292.0 | $246.1 | +$45.9 | +18.7% | | Combined Ratio | 101.9% | 106.5% | -4.6 pp | -4.32% | | Net Income (Millions) | $8.1 | $12.3 | -$4.2 | -34.15% | | Diluted EPS | $0.55 | $0.83 | -$0.28 | -33.73% | | Non-GAAP Operating Income (Millions) | $14.0 | $4.4 | +$9.6 | +218.18% | | Non-GAAP Operating Income per Diluted Share | $0.94 | $0.30 | +$0.64 | +213.33% | [**Financial Performance Analysis**](index=1&type=section&id=2.%20Financial%20Performance%20Analysis) This section analyzes Safety Insurance Group's premium growth, underwriting results, investment performance, and net income for the reported periods [**Premium Growth**](index=1&type=section&id=2.1.%20Premium%20Growth) Safety Insurance experienced robust premium growth in both the fourth quarter and full year 2024, driven by increases in direct written, net written, and net earned premiums. This growth was primarily attributed to new business production, rate increases, and higher policy counts across key lines of business [**Direct and Net Written Premiums**](index=1&type=section&id=2.1.1.%20Direct%20and%20Net%20Written%20Premiums) This section presents a detailed breakdown of direct and net written premiums for the reported periods Written Premiums (in millions) | Metric | Q4 2024 | Q4 2023 | YoY Change | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | YoY Change | | :------------------ | :------ | :------ | :--------- | :-------- | :-------- | :--------- | | Direct Written Premiums | $292.0 | $246.1 | +18.7% | $1,193.1 | $991.2 | +20.4% | | Net Written Premiums | $255.6 | $226.3 | +12.9% | $1,093.4 | $925.3 | +18.2% | [**Net Earned Premiums**](index=2&type=section&id=2.1.2.%20Net%20Earned%20Premiums) This section details the net earned premiums for the reported periods Net Earned Premiums (in millions) | Metric | Q4 2024 | Q4 2023 | YoY Change | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | YoY Change | | :--------------- | :------ | :------ | :--------- | :-------- | :-------- | :--------- | | Net Earned Premiums | $269.1 | $226.0 | +19.0% | $1,010.7 | $834.4 | +21.1% | [**Drivers of Premium Growth**](index=2&type=section&id=2.1.3.%20Drivers%20of%20Premium%20Growth) This section identifies the key factors contributing to premium growth, including policy counts and average premium per policy - Increases in direct and net written premiums were driven by new business production and rate increases[7](index=7&type=chunk) Policy Count and Average Premium Per Policy Growth (FY2024 vs FY2023) | Line of Business | Policy Count Growth | Average Written Premium Per Policy Growth | | :----------------------- | :------------------ | :---------------------------------------- | | Private Passenger Automobile | 10.0% | 14.1% | | Commercial Automobile | 4.5% | 10.7% | | Homeowners | 8.7% | 8.9% | [**Underwriting Results**](index=2&type=section&id=2.2.%20Underwriting%20Results) Safety Insurance demonstrated improved underwriting performance in 2024, with a lower combined ratio for both the quarter and the full year. This improvement was primarily due to increased earned premiums and moderation of loss severity in the Private Passenger Automobile line, despite an increase in total losses and loss adjustment expenses [**Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses**](index=2&type=section&id=2.2.1.%20Losses%20and%20Loss%20Adjustment%20Expenses) This section outlines the incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses and their primary drivers Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred (in millions) | Metric | Q4 2024 | Q4 2023 | YoY Change | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | YoY Change | | :-------------------------------- | :------ | :------ | :--------- | :-------- | :-------- | :--------- | | Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses | $193.0 | $172.1 | +12.1% | $716.6 | $642.3 | +11.6% | - Increase in losses driven by larger policy counts and inflationary impacts on the Private Passenger Automobile book of business[9](index=9&type=chunk) [**Loss, Expense, and Combined Ratios**](index=2&type=section&id=2.2.2.%20Loss,%20Expense,%20and%20Combined%20Ratios) This section analyzes the company's loss, expense, and combined ratios, highlighting underwriting efficiency Underwriting Ratios | Ratio | Q4 2024 | Q4 2023 | YoY Change (pp) | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | YoY Change (pp) | | :---------- | :------ | :------ | :-------------- | :-------- | :-------- | :-------------- | | Loss Ratio | 71.7% | 76.1% | -4.4 | 70.9% | 77.0% | -6.1 | | Expense Ratio | 30.2% | 30.4% | -0.2 | 30.2% | 30.7% | -0.5 | | Combined Ratio | 101.9% | 106.5% | -4.6 | 101.1% | 107.7% | -6.6 | - Decrease in loss and expense ratios driven by the increase in earned premiums. The loss ratio was also favorably impacted by the moderation of loss severity in the Private Passenger Automobile line[10](index=10&type=chunk) - The prior year (FY2023) loss ratio was impacted by severe weather events totaling **$41.2 million** of losses[10](index=10&type=chunk) [**Prior Year Favorable Development**](index=2&type=section&id=2.2.3.%20Prior%20Year%20Favorable%20Development) This section details the favorable development from prior year loss reserves and related adjustments Total Prior Year Favorable Development (in millions) | Period | 2024 | 2023 | YoY Change | | :---------------- | :----- | :----- | :--------- | | Quarter Ended Dec 31 | $13.0 | $12.4 | +$0.6 | | Year Ended Dec 31 | $51.9 | $47.4 | +$4.5 | - Included within **2024** current and prior year development is **$10.1 million** related to the Massachusetts Property Insurance Underwriting Association ("FAIR Plan") due to a restructuring approved on April 1, **2024**[11](index=11&type=chunk) [**Investment Performance**](index=2&type=section&id=2.3.%20Investment%20Performance) Net investment income saw a slight decrease in 2024, both quarterly and annually, despite higher yield bonds and variable rate loans. The effective annualized yield on the investment portfolio also experienced a minor decline Net Investment Income (in millions) | Metric | Q4 2024 | Q4 2023 | YoY Change | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | YoY Change | | :------------------ | :------ | :------ | :--------- | :-------- | :-------- | :--------- | | Net Investment Income | $14.8 | $14.9 | -0.7% | $55.7 | $56.4 | -1.2% | | Net Effective Annualized Yield | 4.0% | 4.2% | -0.2 pp | 3.9% | 4.0% | -0.1 pp | - The decrease in net investment income is attributed to earned interest from higher yield bonds and variable rate secured and senior bank loans[12](index=12&type=chunk) - The investment portfolio's duration on fixed maturities was **3.5 years** at December 31, **2024**, compared to **3.6 years** at December 31, **2023**[12](index=12&type=chunk) [**Net Income and Non-GAAP Operating Income**](index=1&type=section&id=2.4.%20Net%20Income%20and%20Non-GAAP%20Operating%20Income) Safety Insurance reported a significant increase in net income and non-GAAP operating income for the full year 2024, reflecting improved overall performance. While Q4 net income decreased, non-GAAP operating income for the quarter saw a substantial rise Net Income and Non-GAAP Operating Income (in millions, except per share data) | Metric | Q4 2024 | Q4 2023 | YoY Change | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | YoY Change | | :-------------------------------- | :------ | :------ | :--------- | :-------- | :-------- | :--------- | | Net Income | $8.1 | $12.3 | -34.1% | $70.7 | $18.9 | +274.1% | | Diluted EPS | $0.55 | $0.83 | -33.7% | $4.78 | $1.28 | +273.4% | | Non-GAAP Operating Income | $14.0 | $4.4 | +218.2% | $61.5 | $12.3 | +400.0% | | Non-GAAP Operating Income per Diluted Share | $0.94 | $0.30 | +213.3% | $4.16 | $0.84 | +395.2% | - Non-GAAP operating income adjusts GAAP net income by excluding net realized gains on investments, changes in net unrealized gains on equity securities, credit loss benefit (expense), and related taxes, providing a clearer view of underlying business trends[13](index=13&type=chunk)[14](index=14&type=chunk) [**Financial Position and Shareholder Returns**](index=1&type=section&id=3.%20Financial%20Position%20and%20Shareholder%20Returns) This section details Safety Insurance Group's book value per share and dividend distributions, reflecting its financial health and shareholder value initiatives [**Book Value Per Share**](index=1&type=section&id=3.1.%20Book%20Value%20Per%20Share) Safety Insurance's book value per share increased at year-end 2024, primarily driven by net income, partially offset by dividends paid Book Value Per Share | Metric | Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Change | | :--------------- | :----------- | :----------- | :----- | | Book Value per Share | $55.83 | $54.37 | +$1.46 | [**Dividends**](index=1&type=section&id=3.2.%20Dividends) The company maintained its quarterly cash dividend, with the Board of Directors approving the next payment for Q1 2025 Dividends Paid Per Common Share | Period | Q4 2024 | Q4 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | | :----------------------- | :------ | :------ | :------ | :------ | | Cash Dividends Paid per Share | $0.90 | $0.90 | $3.60 | $3.60 | - On February 14, **2025**, the Board of Directors approved a **$0.90** per share quarterly cash dividend payable on March 14, **2025**[5](index=5&type=chunk) [**Company Information**](index=3&type=section&id=4.%20Company%20Information) This section provides an overview of Safety Insurance Group, Inc., including its operations, subsidiaries, and investor information resources [**About Safety Insurance Group, Inc.**](index=3&type=section&id=4.1.%20About%20Safety%20Insurance%20Group,%20Inc.) Safety Insurance Group, Inc. is a Boston-based property and casualty insurer operating exclusively in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine, offering a range of insurance products through its subsidiaries - Safety Insurance Group, Inc. is headquartered in Boston, MA, and is the parent company of Safety Insurance Company, Safety Indemnity Insurance Company, Safety Property and Casualty Insurance Company, Safety Northeast Insurance Company, and Safety Northeast Insurance Agency[15](index=15&type=chunk) - The company operates exclusively in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine[15](index=15&type=chunk) - Safety is a leading writer of property and casualty insurance products, including private passenger automobile, commercial automobile, homeowners, dwelling fire, umbrella, and business owner policies[15](index=15&type=chunk) [**Additional Information**](index=3&type=section&id=4.2.%20Additional%20Information) Investors can access press releases, SEC filings, and other information on the company's website. Safety filed its 2023 Form 10-K on February 28, 2024 - Press releases, announcements, SEC Filings, and investor information are available on the Company website at www.SafetyInsurance.com[16](index=16&type=chunk) - Safety filed its December 31, **2023** Form **10-K** with the SEC on February 28, **2024**[16](index=16&type=chunk) [**Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factors**](index=3&type=section&id=5.%20Forward-Looking%20Statements%20and%20Risk%20Factors) This section outlines cautionary statements regarding forward-looking information and identifies key risks impacting Safety Insurance Group's future performance [**Cautionary Statement**](index=3&type=section&id=5.1.%20Cautionary%20Statement) The press release contains forward-looking statements, which are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially - Forward-looking statements are identified by words like "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "estimate," and indicate future events or trends[17](index=17&type=chunk) - These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, many beyond the company's control[18](index=18&type=chunk) - The company disclaims any obligation to update or alter forward-looking statements[19](index=19&type=chunk) [**Identified Risk Factors**](index=3&type=section&id=5.2.%20Identified%20Risk%20Factors) Key risk factors include competitive industry conditions, restrictive regulations, potential losses from severe weather, inflationary impacts on loss severity, and broader investment and economic market conditions - Competitive nature of the industry and possible adverse effects of competition[18](index=18&type=chunk) - Conditions for business operations and restrictive regulations in Massachusetts[18](index=18&type=chunk) - Possibility of losses due to claims resulting from severe weather[18](index=18&type=chunk) - Impact of inflation and supply chain delays on loss severity[20](index=20&type=chunk) - Impact of investment, economic, and underwriting market conditions, including interest rates and inflation[20](index=20&type=chunk) [**Consolidated Financial Statements**](index=5&type=section&id=6.%20Consolidated%20Financial%20Statements) This section presents Safety Insurance Group's consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations, and detailed premium information for the reported periods [**Consolidated Balance Sheets**](index=5&type=section&id=6.1.%20Consolidated%20Balance%20Sheets) The consolidated balance sheet shows an increase in total assets and total liabilities, with a modest increase in total shareholders' equity at year-end 2024 compared to 2023 Consolidated Balance Sheet Highlights (in thousands) | Metric | Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Change | | :------------------------------------ | :----------- | :----------- | :----- | | Total Investments | $1,513,059 | $1,424,113 | +$88,946 | | Cash and Cash Equivalents | $58,974 | $38,152 | +$20,822 | | Total Assets | $2,270,090 | $2,094,004 | +$176,086 | | Losses and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves | $671,669 | $603,081 | +$68,588 | | Unearned Premium Reserves | $619,916 | $528,150 | +$91,766 | | Total Liabilities | $1,441,626 | $1,289,737 | +$151,889 | | Total Shareholders' Equity | $828,464 | $804,267 | +$24,197 | [**Consolidated Statements of Operations**](index=6&type=section&id=6.2.%20Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Operations) The consolidated statements of operations detail the company's revenues, expenses, and net income for the fourth quarter and full year 2024, along with a reconciliation to non-GAAP operating income Consolidated Statements of Operations Highlights (in thousands) | Metric | Q4 2024 | Q4 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | | :------------------------------------ | :------ | :------ | :-------- | :-------- | | Net Earned Premiums | $269,050 | $226,029 | $1,010,704 | $834,414 | | Total Revenue | $286,719 | $258,396 | $1,120,017 | $930,956 | | Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses | $193,007 | $172,105 | $716,637 | $642,302 | | Underwriting, Operating and Related Expenses | $81,266 | $68,748 | $305,322 | $256,580 | | Total Expenses | $276,600 | $242,612 | $1,030,151 | $906,536 | | Income Before Income Taxes | $10,119 | $15,784 | $89,866 | $24,420 | | Net Income | $8,131 | $12,262 | $70,734 | $18,875 | | Non-GAAP Operating Income | $13,964 | $4,449 | $61,507 | $12,319 | [**Additional Premium Information**](index=7&type=section&id=6.3.%20Additional%20Premium%20Information) This section provides a detailed breakdown of direct, assumed, ceded, net written, and net earned premiums for the reported periods Additional Premium Information (in thousands) | Metric | Q4 2024 | Q4 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | | :------------------ | :------ | :------ | :-------- | :-------- | | Direct Written Premiums | $292,025 | $246,091 | $1,193,057 | $991,224 | | Assumed Written Premiums | $(2,606) | $7,620 | $20,279 | $30,850 | | Ceded Written Premiums | $(33,856) | $(27,356) | $(119,931) | $(96,779) | | Net Written Premiums | $255,563 | $226,355 | $1,093,405 | $925,295 | | Direct Earned Premiums | $301,987 | $243,513 | $1,102,695 | $897,598 | | Assumed Earned Premiums | $(2,810) | $7,345 | $18,874 | $29,702 | | Ceded Earned Premiums | $(30,127) | $(24,829) | $(110,865) | $(92,886) | | Net Earned Premiums | $269,050 | $226,029 | $1,010,704 | $834,414 | ```

Financial Performance - For the three months ended March 31, 2024, direct written premium growth was 22.7%, and net written premium growth was 23.4% compared to the same period in 2023[119]. - Direct written premiums increased by $49,487, or 22.7%, to $267,339 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $217,852 in 2023[143]. - Net written premiums rose by $47,411, or 23.4%, to $250,295 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, from $202,884 in 2023[144]. - Net earned premiums increased by $44,318, or 23.1%, to $236,053 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $191,735 in 2023[145]. - Total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2024, was $268,233, an increase from $213,759 in 2023[143]. - Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2024, was $20,078, compared to a net loss of $12,337 in 2023[143]. - Basic and diluted earnings per share were $1.36 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to a loss of $0.84 in 2023[143]. - Non-GAAP operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $13,746, compared to a non-GAAP operating loss of $12,796 for the comparable 2023 period[121]. Loss and Expense Management - Losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred increased by $1,246 or 0.7% to $168,399 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, with a loss ratio improvement to 71.3% from 87.2% in the comparable 2023 period[120]. - The combined ratio improved to 101.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, down from 118.5% in the comparable 2023 period[126]. - GAAP loss ratio for Q1 2024 decreased to 71.3% from 87.2% in Q1 2023; GAAP loss ratio excluding loss adjustment expenses was 62.2% compared to 76.2% in Q1 2023[159]. - Underwriting, operating, and related expenses increased by $12,234, or 20.4%, to $72,267 in Q1 2024 from $60,033 in Q1 2023[160]. Market Position and Ratings - The company has established a strong market position, being the third largest private passenger automobile carrier and the second largest commercial automobile insurance carrier in Massachusetts, with market shares of approximately 8.7% and 12.7%, respectively[116]. - A.M. Best currently assigns the company an "A (Excellent)" rating, reaffirmed on June 15, 2023[117]. Investment and Cash Flow - Net investment income grew by $1,577, or 11.5%, to $15,231 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, from $13,654 in 2023[146]. - Finance and other service income increased by $1,214, or 29.3%, to $5,354 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $4,140 in 2023[157]. - Net cash used for operating activities was $21,135 in Q1 2024, up from $12,892 in Q1 2023[168]. - Net cash provided by investing activities was $27,399 in Q1 2024, compared to $6,655 in Q1 2023; proceeds from securities were $81,665 in Q1 2024 versus $50,561 in Q1 2023[169]. - Net cash used for financing activities was $13,615 in Q1 2024, compared to $3,747 in Q1 2023, primarily for dividend payments[170]. Reserves and Loss Estimates - As of March 31, 2024, the total net reserves for losses and LAE were estimated at $482,292, with a range of reasonably possible estimations between $443,575 and $502,699[193]. - The recorded reserves for the private passenger automobile line of business were $206,306, with low and high estimations of $187,291 and $213,573 respectively[195]. - The total net reserves for homeowners were recorded at $99,564, with low and high estimations of $93,589 and $101,319 respectively[195]. - The company recorded a decrease in prior year reserves of $10,958 during the three months ended March 31, 2024[212]. - The decrease in prior years' reserves for the three months ended March 31, 2024, was $10,958 million, compared to $11,533 million in 2023, indicating a reduction of approximately 5%[214]. Risk Management - The company has no outstanding debt under its credit facility as of March 31, 2024, and a 2.0% increase in prevailing interest rates on variable rate debt would result in an approximate $600 increase in interest expense for 2024[230]. - The company is exposed to market risks, particularly interest rate risk, due to significant holdings in fixed rate investments[226]. - The company anticipates that future performance may be affected by various risks, including competition, regulatory changes, and economic conditions[219]. - Forward-looking statements regarding the company's strategy for growth and financial results are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ significantly[218].

Insurance Operations - The company operates as the third largest private passenger auto premium insurance carrier, the second largest commercial auto insurance carrier, and the third largest homeowner insurance carrier in Massachusetts[20]. - Direct written premiums for private passenger automobile insurance increased to $543,167, representing 54.7% of total premiums in 2023, up from $427,665 (52.0%) in 2022[26]. - The company achieved a total of $991,224 in direct written premiums for all product lines in 2023, compared to $823,318 in 2022, reflecting a significant growth[26]. - The commercial automobile insurance segment accounted for $157,101 in direct written premiums, or 15.9% of total premiums in 2023, up from $143,571 (17.4%) in 2022[26]. - Homeowners insurance premiums reached $242,346, making up 24.5% of total premiums in 2023, compared to $208,577 (25.3%) in 2022[26]. - The company plans to further penetrate the Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine markets across all lines of business[27]. - In 2023, 64.5% of private passenger automobile exposures insured had an other than private passenger policy with the company, compared to 65.2% in 2022[48]. - The company distributes products exclusively through independent agents, with 97.1% of direct written premiums for automobile insurance obtained through voluntary agents in 2023[42]. Technology and Innovation - The company is focused on expanding technology to enhance the ease of doing business for independent agents, thereby strengthening relationships[27]. - The company introduced the Safety Commercial Express system in 2021, which was updated in 2022 to allow for agent processing of endorsements[69]. - The Innovation Lab conducted significant research on Generative AI in 2023, with results expected in 2024[71]. - The automated adjuster assignment system categorizes new claims by severity, improving claims management efficiency[73]. - The company has made substantial investments in information technology to enhance agent support and customer service[53]. - The company’s proprietary software applications facilitate real-time policy issuance and data imports from major agency management systems[60]. - The company’s cybersecurity strategy includes ongoing employee education and monitoring for emerging threats[70]. Financial Performance - The bad debt expense as a percentage of direct written premiums was 0.2% in 2023, compared to 0.1% in 2022[76]. - The total incurred losses and LAE for the year 2023 amounted to $642,302, compared to $491,979 in 2022, reflecting a significant increase[97]. - The company paid total losses and LAE of $608,048 in 2023, compared to $515,759 in 2022, showing an increase in claims payments[97]. - The cumulative amounts paid for claims one year later were $198,414 for 2023, indicating the company's ongoing claims management[99]. - The company decreased loss reserves related to prior years by $47,381 in 2023, $57,279 in 2022, and $53,673 in 2021, indicating a trend of releasing redundant reserves[100]. - The reserves for losses and LAE at the end of 2023 were $603,081, up from $549,598 at the end of 2022[99]. - Management believes that the provision for unpaid losses and LAE as of December 31, 2023, is adequate to cover the ultimate cost of losses and claims incurred[93]. Reinsurance Strategy - The company’s reinsurance strategy involves selective partnerships with financially stable reinsurers, most of which have an A.M. Best rating of "A+" or "A"[104]. - In 2023, the company purchased three layers of excess catastrophe reinsurance providing $590,000 of coverage for property losses in excess of $75,000 up to a maximum of $665,000[105]. - For 2024, the company has increased its reinsurance coverage to $615,000 for property losses in excess of $75,000 up to a maximum of $690,000[106]. Investment Portfolio - As of December 31, 2023, the company's investment portfolio was valued at $1,424,113, with 73.9% in fixed maturity securities[133]. - The company has a high-quality investment portfolio primarily consisting of investment grade corporate fixed maturity securities, U.S. government and agency securities, and asset-backed securities[130]. - The estimated fair value of U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies was $247,237 million, representing 23.5% of the total portfolio[141]. - Total estimated fair value of fixed income securities was $1,052,145 million as of December 31, 2023, slightly up from $1,050,155 million in 2022[141]. - The portfolio of fixed maturity investments included 65.8% rated Category 1 and 18.8% rated Category 2 as of December 31, 2023[143]. - The company has a commitment to inclusiveness and actively seeks highly-qualified candidates from diverse backgrounds[120]. Employee and Management Information - The company employs 539 employees as of December 31, 2023, all located in the New England region[119]. - George M. Murphy has been with the Company for over 35 years and was elected Chairman of the Board on May 17, 2023[172]. - Christopher T. Whitford has served as Chief Financial Officer since March 2, 2020, and has over 11 years of experience with the Company[173]. - James D. Berry has been employed by the Company for over 41 years and has directed the Massachusetts Private Passenger line of business since 2001[176]. - Ann M. McKeown, Vice President of Insurance Operations, will retire effective March 1, 2024, after over 34 years with the Company[178]. - Brian S. Lam was appointed Vice President of Insurance Operations effective March 1, 2024, and has been with the Company since 2002[182]. - The Company has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics applicable to all employees and directors, available on its website[192]. Regulatory and Risk Management - The company is subject to comprehensive regulation by state insurance departments, with the most recent financial condition examination covering the five-year period ending December 31, 2018[152]. - The Company completed its Own Risk Solvency Assessment (ORSA) filing for the 2023 period, as required by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners[169]. - The Company has significant exposure to market risk primarily due to changes in interest rates, with fixed and variable rate debt as sources of financing[405]. - The Company holds a substantial amount of fixed maturity investments, including U.S. and foreign government bonds, which are sensitive to interest rate changes[406]. - The company does not plan to enter into any derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes[405]. Financial Metrics - Total assets increased to $2,094,004 as of December 31, 2023, up from $1,972,569 in 2022, reflecting a growth of approximately 6.2%[430]. - Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves rose to $603,081 in 2023, compared to $549,598 in 2022, indicating an increase of about 9.7%[430]. - The company's total investments reached $1,424,113 as of December 31, 2023, compared to $1,403,160 in 2022, marking a growth of approximately 1.5%[430]. - Cash and cash equivalents increased to $38,152 in 2023 from $25,300 in 2022, representing a significant increase of about 50.9%[430]. - The allowance for expected credit losses for fixed maturities increased from $678 in 2022 to $1,208 in 2023, reflecting a rise of approximately 78.1%[430]. - Shareholders' equity decreased to $804,267 in 2023 from $811,999 in 2022, a decline of about 0.9%[430]. - Net investment income increased to $56,377 million in 2023, up 20.3% from $46,725 million in 2022[138]. - Net effective yield improved to 4.0% in 2023, compared to 3.2% in 2022, reflecting a 25% increase[138].

[Executive Summary](index=1&type=section&id=Executive%20Summary) Safety Insurance Group achieved record premium growth in 2023, but inflation and weather events led to an elevated combined ratio and decreased net income [Overall Performance and Strategic Context](index=1&type=section&id=Overall%20Performance%20and%20Strategic%20Context) Safety Insurance Group achieved record top-line growth in 2023, but inflationary pressures and weather events elevated the combined ratio - Safety Insurance achieved record top-line growth in 2023, with Direct Written Premiums increasing by **20.4%**[2](index=2&type=chunk) - Growth was driven by a **10.2%** increase in overall policy counts and a **10.9%** increase in average premium per policy[2](index=2&type=chunk) - Ongoing inflationary impacts and several weather events led to an elevated loss ratio, particularly in Private Passenger Automobile, resulting in a **107.7%** combined ratio for FY2023 and **106.5%** for Q4 2023[2](index=2&type=chunk) - The company is actively filing for rate increases across all major lines and is committed to maintaining underwriting discipline and leveraging investments in pricing and risk management[2](index=2&type=chunk) [Key Financial Highlights](index=1&type=section&id=Key%20Financial%20Highlights) Net income and non-GAAP operating income significantly decreased in 2023 due to increased losses, with book value per share also declining Net Income and EPS (GAAP) | Metric | Q4 2023 | Q4 2022 | Change (YoY) | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | Change (YoY) | | :----------------------- | :------ | :------ | :----------- | :------ | :------ | :----------- | | Net Income (in millions) | $12.3 | $24.6 | -50.0% | $18.9 | $46.6 | -59.5% | | Diluted EPS | $0.83 | $1.67 | -50.3% | $1.28 | $3.15 | -59.4% | Non-GAAP Operating Income per Diluted Share | Metric | Q4 2023 | Q4 2022 | Change (YoY) | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | Change (YoY) | | :------------------------- | :------ | :------ | :----------- | :------ | :------ | :----------- | | Non-GAAP Operating Income per Diluted Share | $0.30 | $0.98 | -69.4% | $0.84 | $5.05 | -83.4% | Book Value per Share | Metric | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Change | | :----------------- | :----------- | :----------- | :----- | | Book Value per Share | $54.37 | $54.88 | -0.9% | [Detailed Financial Performance](index=1&type=section&id=Detailed%20Financial%20Performance) The company achieved strong premium growth and increased investment income, but underwriting results deteriorated due to higher losses from inflation and weather events [Premium Growth Analysis](index=1&type=section&id=Premium%20Growth%20Analysis) Strong premium growth in 2023 was driven by new business, improved retention, and rate increases across all lines Written Premiums (in millions) | Metric | Q4 2023 | Q4 2022 | Change (YoY) | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | Change (YoY) | | :--------------------- | :------ | :------ | :----------- | :------ | :------ | :----------- | | Direct Written Premiums | $246.1 | $201.4 | +22.2% | $991.2 | $823.3 | +20.4% | | Net Written Premiums | $226.4 | $187.5 | +20.7% | $925.3 | $773.7 | +19.6% | - Premium increases were a result of new business production, improved retention, and rate increases[8](index=8&type=chunk) Exposure Count Growth (FY 2023 YoY) | Line of Business | Growth | | :---------------------- | :----- | | Private Passenger Auto | +14.7% | | Commercial Automobile | +5.4% | | Homeowners | +11.2% | Average Written Premium per Exposure Increase (FY 2023 YoY) | Line of Business | Increase | | :---------------------- | :------- | | Private Passenger Auto | +10.8% | | Commercial Automobile | +3.8% | | Homeowners | +4.5% | Net Earned Premiums (in millions) | Metric | Q4 2023 | Q4 2022 | Change (YoY) | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | Change (YoY) | | :----------------- | :------ | :------ | :----------- | :------ | :------ | :----------- | | Net Earned Premiums | $226.0 | $193.2 | +17.0% | $834.4 | $758.5 | +10.0% | [Underwriting Results and Ratios](index=2&type=section&id=Underwriting%20Results%20and%20Ratios) Underwriting results deteriorated in 2023 due to increased losses from inflation and weather, leading to higher loss and combined ratios Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred (in millions) | Metric | Q4 2023 | Q4 2022 | Change (YoY) | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | Change (YoY) | | :-------------------------------------- | :------ | :------ | :----------- | :------ | :------ | :----------- | | Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred | $172.1 | $132.0 | +30.4% | $642.3 | $492.0 | +30.6% | - Increase in losses driven by current market conditions, specifically inflation, and weather events including multiple flood events, a high wind event in December, and a severe winter weather event in February[10](index=10&type=chunk) Key Underwriting Ratios | Ratio | Q4 2023 | Q4 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | | :---------- | :------ | :------ | :------ | :------ | | Loss Ratio | 76.1% | 68.4% | 77.0% | 64.9% | | Expense Ratio | 30.4% | 32.3% | 30.7% | 32.3% | | Combined Ratio | 106.5% | 100.7% | 107.7% | 97.2% | - The decrease in the expense ratio is primarily driven by a decrease in contingent commission expenses[11](index=11&type=chunk) [Investment Income and Portfolio Performance](index=2&type=section&id=Investment%20Income%20and%20Portfolio%20Performance) Net investment income increased significantly in 2023 due to higher interest rates, improving the portfolio's effective annualized yield Net Investment Income (in millions) | Metric | Q4 2023 | Q4 2022 | Change (YoY) | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | Change (YoY) | | :------------------ | :------ | :------ | :----------- | :------ | :------ | :----------- | | Net Investment Income | $14.9 | $13.4 | +11.2% | $56.4 | $46.7 | +20.7% | - The increase in net investment income is a result of increases in interest rates on the fixed maturity portfolio[13](index=13&type=chunk) Net Effective Annualized Yield on Investment Portfolio | Period | Q4 2023 | Q4 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | | :----- | :------ | :------ | :------ | :------ | | Yield | 4.2% | 3.7% | 4.0% | 3.2% | - Duration on fixed maturities was **3.6 years** at December 31, 2023, down from **3.8 years** at December 31, 2022[13](index=13&type=chunk) [Prior Year Loss Development](index=2&type=section&id=Prior%20Year%20Loss%20Development) Total prior year favorable loss development decreased in 2023, with the prior year including a significant COVID-19 reserve reversal Total Prior Year Favorable Development (in millions) | Metric | Q4 2023 | Q4 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | | :----------------------------------- | :------ | :------ | :------ | :------ | | Total Prior Year Favorable Development | $12.4 | $14.1 | $47.4 | $57.3 | - The FY2022 figure included the reversal of a **$6.5 million** accrued reserve for legal defense costs associated with COVID-19 business interruption claims[12](index=12&type=chunk) [Financial Position and Capital Management](index=1&type=section&id=Financial%20Position%20and%20Capital%20Management) The balance sheet shows increased assets and liabilities, reflecting business growth and claims, while shareholder returns were maintained through dividends and share repurchases [Balance Sheet Overview](index=5&type=section&id=Balance%20Sheet%20Overview) Total assets and liabilities increased in 2023, driven by higher loss and unearned premium reserves, reflecting business growth and claims Selected Balance Sheet Items (in thousands) | Item | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | | :---------------------------------------- | :----------- | :----------- | | Total Assets | $2,094,004 | $1,972,569 | | Total Liabilities | $1,289,737 | $1,160,570 | | Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves | $603,081 | $549,598 | | Unearned Premium Reserves | $528,150 | $433,375 | | Total Shareholders' Equity | $804,267 | $811,999 | [Shareholder Returns](index=1&type=section&id=Shareholder%20Returns) The company maintained its commitment to shareholder returns through consistent quarterly dividends and share repurchases Dividends Paid per Common Share | Period | Q4 2023 | Q4 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | | :----- | :------ | :------ | :------ | :------ | | Dividend | $0.90 | $0.90 | $3.60 | $3.60 | - The Board of Directors approved a **$0.90 per share** quarterly cash dividend payable on March 15, 2024[5](index=5&type=chunk) - During FY2023, the Company purchased **74,213 shares** at a cost of **$5.2 million**[4](index=4&type=chunk) [Non-GAAP Financial Measures](index=2&type=section&id=Non-GAAP%20Financial%20Measures) Non-GAAP operating income is used to clarify underlying business trends by adjusting GAAP net income for specific non-operating items [Non-GAAP Operating Income Definition and Reconciliation](index=2&type=section&id=Non-GAAP%20Operating%20Income%20Definition%20and%20Reconciliation) Non-GAAP operating income adjusts GAAP net income for specific items to provide a clearer view of underlying business trends - Non-GAAP operating income adjusts GAAP net income by excluding net realized gains on investments, change in net unrealized gains on equity securities, credit loss benefit (expense), and related taxes[16](index=16&type=chunk) Change in Net Unrealized Gains on Equity Securities (in millions) | Period | Q4 2023 | Q4 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | | :----- | :------ | :------ | :------ | :------ | | Change | +$9.7 | +$11.9 | +$7.5 | -$44.4 | Non-GAAP Operating Income (in thousands) | Metric | Q4 2023 | Q4 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | | :---------------------- | :------ | :------ | :------ | :------ | | Net Income | $12,262 | $24,630 | $18,875 | $46,561 | | Non-GAAP Operating Income | $4,449 | $14,601 | $12,319 | $74,355 | [Company Information and Risk Factors](index=3&type=section&id=Company%20Information%20and%20Risk%20Factors) Safety Insurance Group operates as a leading P&C insurer in specific New England states, facing risks from competition, regulation, weather, and economic conditions [About Safety Insurance Group](index=3&type=section&id=About%20Safety%20Insurance%20Group) Safety Insurance Group is a Boston-based P&C insurer operating in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine, offering diverse insurance products - Safety Insurance Group, Inc. is based in Boston, MA, and operates exclusively in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine[17](index=17&type=chunk) - The company is a leading writer of property and casualty insurance products, including private passenger automobile, commercial automobile, homeowners, dwelling fire, umbrella, and business owner policies[17](index=17&type=chunk) [Cautionary Statement and Risk Factors](index=3&type=section&id=Cautionary%20Statement%20and%20Risk%20Factors) Forward-looking statements are subject to risks including competition, regulations, weather events, inflation, and broader economic and market conditions - Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, and actual future conditions, events, results, or trends may differ significantly and/or materially from projections[19](index=19&type=chunk)[20](index=20&type=chunk)[21](index=21&type=chunk) - Competitive nature of the industry[20](index=20&type=chunk)[22](index=22&type=chunk) - Conditions for business operations and restrictive regulations in Massachusetts[20](index=20&type=chunk)[22](index=22&type=chunk) - Possibility of losses due to claims resulting from severe weather[20](index=20&type=chunk)[22](index=22&type=chunk) - Impact of inflation and supply chain delays on loss severity[20](index=20&type=chunk)[22](index=22&type=chunk) - Impact of investment, economic, and underwriting market conditions, including interest rates and inflation[20](index=20&type=chunk)[22](index=22&type=chunk) [Consolidated Financial Statements](index=5&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Financial%20Statements) This section presents the consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations, and detailed premium information for 2023 and 2022 [Consolidated Balance Sheets](index=5&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Balance%20Sheets) The consolidated balance sheets detail the company's financial position at year-end 2023 and 2022, showing assets, liabilities, and equity Consolidated Balance Sheets (Dollars in thousands) | Item | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :----------- | :----------- | | **Assets** | | | | Investments: Fixed maturities, available for sale, at fair value | $1,052,145 | $1,050,155 | | Equity securities, at fair value | $238,022 | $240,155 | | Other invested assets | $133,946 | $112,850 | | Total investments | $1,424,113 | $1,403,160 | | Cash and cash equivalents | $38,152 | $25,300 | | Accounts receivable, net | $256,687 | $192,542 | | Deferred policy acquisition costs | $91,917 | $75,582 | | Total assets | $2,094,004 | $1,972,569 | | **Liabilities** | | | | Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves | $603,081 | $549,598 | | Unearned Premium Reserves | $528,150 | $433,375 | | Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $64,235 | $73,875 | | Debt | $30,000 | $35,000 | | Total liabilities | $1,289,737 | $1,160,570 | | **Shareholders' equity** | | | | Retained earnings | $781,192 | $815,309 | | Treasury stock, at cost | $(150,293) | $(145,000) | | Total shareholders' equity | $804,267 | $811,999 | [Consolidated Statements of Operations](index=6&type=section&id=Consolidated%20Statements%20of%20Operations) The statements of operations detail revenues, expenses, and net income for 2023 and 2022, showing increased premiums offset by higher losses Consolidated Statements of Operations (Dollars in thousands) | Item | Q4 2023 | Q4 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | | :---------------------------------------- | :---------- | :---------- | :---------- | :---------- | | Net earned premiums | $226,029 | $193,153 | $834,414 | $758,505 | | Net investment income | $14,882 | $13,388 | $56,377 | $46,725 | | Total revenue | $258,396 | $226,603 | $930,956 | $797,559 | | Losses and loss adjustment expenses | $172,105 | $132,029 | $642,302 | $491,979 | | Underwriting, operating and related expenses | $68,748 | $62,306 | $256,580 | $245,145 | | Total expenses | $242,612 | $194,797 | $906,536 | $737,978 | | Income before income taxes | $15,784 | $31,806 | $24,420 | $59,581 | | Income tax expense | $3,522 | $7,176 | $5,545 | $13,020 | | Net income | $12,262 | $24,630 | $18,875 | $46,561 | | Diluted EPS | $0.83 | $1.67 | $1.28 | $3.15 | [Additional Premium Information](index=7&type=section&id=Additional%20Premium%20Information) This section details written and earned premiums, including direct, assumed, and ceded components, for 2023 and 2022 Written Premiums (Dollars in thousands) | Item | Q4 2023 | Q4 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | | :---------------- | :--------- | :--------- | :--------- | :--------- | | Direct | $246,091 | $201,371 | $991,224 | $823,318 | | Assumed | $7,620 | $7,667 | $30,850 | $28,835 | | Ceded | $(27,356) | $(21,507) | $(96,779) | $(78,418) | | Net written premiums | $226,355 | $187,531 | $925,295 | $773,735 | Earned Premiums (Dollars in thousands) | Item | Q4 2023 | Q4 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2022 | | :---------------- | :--------- | :--------- | :--------- | :--------- | | Direct | $243,513 | $205,627 | $897,598 | $803,289 | | Assumed | $7,345 | $7,141 | $29,702 | $28,976 | | Ceded | $(24,829) | $(19,615) | $(92,886) | $(73,760) | | Net earned premiums | $226,029 | $193,153 | $834,414 | $758,505 |

Table of Contents UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-Q Commission File Number: 000-50070 SAFETY INSURANCE GROUP, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware 13-4181699 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 20 Custom House Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02110 (Address of principal executive offices including zip code) ☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECU ...