2025博鳌亚洲论坛｜亚洲开发银行前行长中尾武彦：日本养老金模式可持续性正在承压

Core Viewpoint - The sustainability of Japan's pension model is under pressure due to demographic changes and economic factors, necessitating diverse responses from Asian countries to address the challenges of rapid aging populations [1][2]. Group 1: Aging Population Challenges - Asia has enjoyed economic growth driven by a large, young labor force, but is now facing severe challenges due to declining birth rates and increasing life expectancy [1] - The aging population leads to a reduced labor supply and a rising old-age dependency ratio, alongside sharply increasing medical and caregiving costs [1] - Chronic health issues are becoming more prominent, resulting in escalating healthcare expenditures and pension burdens [1] Group 2: Japan's Pension Model - Japan has implemented a "three-pillar" pension structure: a universal basic pension, corporate pensions, and individual or corporate voluntary contributions [2] - The dual-track system of pay-as-you-go and accumulation in Japan's pension model is facing sustainability issues due to limited funding pools, declining population, and low investment returns [2] Group 3: Recommendations for Asian Countries - Asian countries are encouraged to seek diversified solutions to cope with the challenges of aging societies, such as developing caregiving robots and promoting industrial restructuring [2]