Novo Nordisk's diabetes pill slashes risk of cardiovascular complications by 14% after four years

Core Viewpoint - Novo Nordisk's diabetes pill Rybelsus has demonstrated cardiovascular benefits in a late-stage trial, potentially expanding its treatment options for patients with diabetes and heart disease [1][2]. Group 1: Clinical Trial Results - Rybelsus reduced the risk of cardiovascular-related death, heart attack, and stroke by 14% compared to a placebo over an average of four years in patients with diabetes and established heart disease [2][7]. - The trial involved over 9,600 patients aged 50 and older, with nearly half receiving SGLT2 inhibitors during the study [6]. - The pill specifically lowered the risk of non-fatal heart attacks by 26%, non-fatal strokes by 12%, and cardiovascular-related death by 7% compared to placebo [9]. Group 2: Regulatory and Market Implications - Novo Nordisk has applied for expanded approval in the U.S. and EU to include the reduction of serious cardiovascular complications with Rybelsus [3]. - The results suggest that Rybelsus could provide a more convenient oral treatment option for patients who are hesitant to use injections [4][5]. Group 3: Comparison with Other Treatments - Rybelsus is an oral formulation of the injectable diabetes treatment Ozempic, both containing the active ingredient semaglutide [3]. - Wegovy, another product from Novo Nordisk, received U.S. approval for reducing major cardiovascular events in adults with cardiovascular disease and obesity [4]. Group 4: Side Effects and Patient Compliance - The most common side effects reported were gastrointestinal issues, which were consistent with those of injectable semaglutide and rarely led to discontinuation of Rybelsus [11]. - The study confirmed that patients were able to take Rybelsus as directed, despite the requirement to take it on an empty stomach [13].